SpringMVC源码解读

web.xml

<web-app>


  <!--配置前端控制器-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>HelloDavid</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!--配置springmvc加载的配置文件，默认文件名为[servlet-name]-servlet.xml和默认位置为WebContent/WEB-INF，也可以自定义(此配置文件用来配置处理器映射器\适配器)-->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>/WEB-INF/dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>


  <!--<servlet-mapping>标记指示哪些URL将由DispatcherServlet处理。-->
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>HelloDavid</servlet-name>
    <!--两种配置方式-->
    <!--  *.form:所有访问.form结尾的,都由dispatcher进行解析-->
    <!--  /:所有访问的地址都由dispatcher进行解析,对于静态文件的解析需要配置不让dispatcher进行解析,此种方式可以实现RESTful风格的url-->
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

dispatch-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--处理器适配器-->
    <bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean>
    <!--处理器映射器(将bean的name当作url进行查找,需要在配置handler时指定beanname)-->
    <bean name="/HelloWorld" class="controller.ItemsController1"></bean>

    <!--视图解析器-->
    <!--此视图解析器用来解析jsp-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--前缀是路径，后缀是视图文件的后缀-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

注意web.xml中的<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

这一句意思是使用DispatcherServlet这个前端控制器，那么它到底干了什么呢？注意DispatcherServlet类的源码中的doDispatch方法

1.从request中获取handler的名字

mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);

• getHandler()方法从request中取出handler，至于怎么取的，待研究

	protected HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
		for (HandlerMapping hm : this.handlerMappings) {
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace(
						"Testing handler map [" + hm + "] in DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'");
			}
			HandlerExecutionChain handler = hm.getHandler(request);
			if (handler != null) {
				return handler;
			}
		}
		return null;
	}

2.从mappedHandler中获取HandlerAdapter

HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());

• getHandlerAdapter（）源码，获取HandlerAdapter，怎么获取的？看初始化

	protected HandlerAdapter getHandlerAdapter(Object handler) throws ServletException {
		for (HandlerAdapter ha : this.handlerAdapters) {
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace("Testing handler adapter [" + ha + "]");
			}
			if (ha.supports(handler)) {
				return ha;
			}
		}
		throw new ServletException("No adapter for handler [" + handler +
				"]: The DispatcherServlet configuration needs to include a HandlerAdapter that supports this handler");
	}

3.获取modelAndView

mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());

这时候，已经从mappedHandler中知道了Handler的名字，于是执行该Handler，返回ModelAndView

public class ItemsController1 implements Controller {

    @Override
    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)
    {
        List<Item> itemList = new ArrayList<>();
        Item item1 = new Item();
        item1.setName("联想笔记本");
        item1.setPrice(6000f);
        item1.setDetail("thinkpad 超极本");

        Item item2 = new Item();
        item2.setName("苹果笔记本");
        item2.setPrice(8000f);
        item2.setDetail("ipad 超极本");

        itemList.add(item1);
        itemList.add(item2);

        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        //相当于request的setAttribute,在前端通过itemList取数据
        modelAndView.addObject("itemList",itemList);
        //指定视图
        modelAndView.setViewName("hello");
        return modelAndView;
    }
}

这个ItemsController1类实现了Controller接口，并重写其中的handleRequest方法，返回ModelAndView。这里的ModelAndView类如下：

其中有两个主要的成员

public class ModelAndView {

	/** View instance or view name String */
	private Object view;

	/** Model Map */
	private ModelMap model;

其中ModelMap类，用来存放模型，继承了LinkedHashMap类，于是它的addAttribute方法，其实就是HashMap的put方法，用于加入key-value

view是Object类，用setViewName指定视图的名字