python中jupyter notebook安装教程

一、什么是Jupyter Notebook？

Jupyter Notebook是基于网页的用于交互计算的应用程序。其可被应用于全过程计算：开发、文档编写、运行代码和展示结果。

——Jupyter Notebook官方介绍

https://jupyter-notebook.readthedocs.io/en/stable/notebook.html

二、安装Jupyter Notebook

使用命令安装
conda install ipykernel
或者
pip install jupyter notebook

三、运行Jupyter Notebook

3.1 帮助

jupyter notebook --help
# 同上
jupyter notebook -h

3.2 启动

# 默认启动端口8888
jupyter notebook

# 指定端口启动
jupyter notebook --port 8889

# 指定工作目录启动
jupyter notebook --notebook-dir .

比如我在E盘下创建一个目录study,进入base环境，启动jupyter，端口是8889，指定目录命令行接入的目录

cd E:\study
conda activate base
jupyter notebook --port 8889 --notebook-dir .

在命令行终端显示内容

[I 12:21:04.177 NotebookApp] [jupyter_nbextensions_configurator] enabled 0.6.3
[W 12:21:04.903 NotebookApp] Loading JupyterLab as a classic notebook (v6) extension.
[W 2023-11-20 12:21:04.911 LabApp] 'port' has moved from NotebookApp to ServerApp. This config will be passed to ServerApp. Be sure to update your config before our next release.
[W 2023-11-20 12:21:04.911 LabApp] 'notebook_dir' has moved from NotebookApp to ServerApp. This config will be passed to ServerApp. Be sure to update your config before our next release.
[W 2023-11-20 12:21:04.911 LabApp] 'notebook_dir' has moved from NotebookApp to ServerApp. This config will be passed to ServerApp. Be sure to update your config before our next release.
[I 2023-11-20 12:21:04.919 LabApp] JupyterLab extension loaded from D:\tool\anaconda\Lib\site-packages\jupyterlab
[I 2023-11-20 12:21:04.919 LabApp] JupyterLab application directory is D:\tool\anaconda\share\jupyter\lab
[I 12:21:12.314 NotebookApp] Serving notebooks from local directory: E:\study
[I 12:21:14.111 NotebookApp] Jupyter Notebook 6.5.4 is running at:
[I 12:21:14.126 NotebookApp] http://localhost:8889/?token=7c619de75e5ed07516912c78784f01af3637f4cd023ba5d4
[I 12:21:14.126 NotebookApp]  or http://127.0.0.1:8889/?token=7c619de75e5ed07516912c78784f01af3637f4cd023ba5d4
[I 12:21:14.126 NotebookApp] Use Control-C to stop this server and shut down all kernels (twice to skip confirmation).
[C 12:21:14.236 NotebookApp]

注意：之后在Jupyter Notebook的所有操作，都请保持终端不要关闭，因为一旦关闭终端，就会断开与本地服务器的链接，你将无法在Jupyter Notebook中进行其他操作啦。

如果你同时启动了多个Jupyter Notebook，有的端口被占用，可以通过指定不同的端口进行启动。

四、配置Jupyter Notebook

常规的情况下，Windows和Linux/macOS的配置文件所在路径和配置文件名如下所述：

• Windows系统的配置文件路径：C:\Users<user_name>.jupyter\

  Linux/macOS系统的配置文件路径：/Users/<user_name>/.jupyter/ 或 ~/.jupyter/

配置文件名：jupyter_notebook_config.*可以是.json文件或者.py文件

如果不存在配置文件，可通过下面命令生成

jupyter notebook --generate-config

找到该jupyter_notebook_config.py文件，并打开

# 指定默认工作目录
c.NotebookApp.notebook_dir = r'D:\python学习'
#允许所有IP都可访问
c.NotebookApp.ip = '*'
#将开启jupyter后在服务器上打开浏览器的选项设置为False
c.NotebookApp.open_browser = False
#指定访问端口
c.NotebookApp.port = 8888
#允许远程访问
c.NotebookApp.allow_remote_access = True   

五、Jupyter Notebook更改环境

jupyter notebook访问的时候，默认使用了anaconda的base环境。

如果需要更换环境，执行下面命令：

python -m ipykernel install --user --name 要添加的环境 --display-name "jupyter中显示的kernel名字"

python -m ipykernel install --user --name Pytorch --display-name "Pytorch"

查看Kernel

jupyter kernelspec list

删除指定Kernel

jupyter kernelspec remove pyhorch

六、Jupyter Notebook 主题更换

经测试，大部分自定义主题界面不支持自适应，因此如果需要在平板上使用jupyter，建议使用默认主题。

# 通过下面命令安装主题
pip install jupyterthemes

查看所有主题

jt -l

# 更换为onedork主题
jt -t onedork

# 下面命令回复默认主题
jt -r