11.5.1 Memory Leaks
Dynamically allocated memory should be freed when it is no longer needed so that it can be reused later for other purposes. Allocating memory but not freeing it later causes a memory leak. With operating systems that share a common pool of memory among all executing programs, memory leaks dribble away the available memory so that eventually there isnʹt any left. Rebooting the computer is the only recovery for this situation.
当动态分配的内存不再需要使用时，它应该被释放，这样它以后可以被重新分配使用。分配内存但在使用完毕后不释放将引起内存泄漏(memory leak) 。在那些所有执行程序共享一个通用内存池的操作系统中，内存泄漏将一点点地榨干可用内存，最终使其一无所有。要摆脱这个困境，只有重启系统。
Other operating systems keep track of which pieces of memory each program currently has, so that when a program terminates all of the memory that it had allocated but had not freed is returned to the pool. Memory leaks are a serious problem even on these systems, because a program that continually allocates memory without ever freeing any will eventually exhaust the available memory. At this point,the defective program will not be able to continue executing, and its failure may result in the loss of the work completed so far.
其他操作系统能够记住每个程序当前拥有的内存段，这样当一个程序终止时，所有分配给它但未被释放的内存都归还给内存池。但即使在这类系统中，内存泄漏仍然是一个严重的问题，因为一个持续分配却一点不释放内存的程序最终将耗尽可用的内存。此时，这个有缺陷的程序将无法继续执行下去，它的失败有可能导致当前已经完成的工作统统丢失。
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