1.下载mysql
官网地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads
注意事项：
（1）下载的安装包必须是.rpm-bundle.tar结尾的
（2）安装的时候，对应自己的下载版本号，不要直接复制命令
2.下载完成后，通过ftp上传到Linux服务器上
（1）创建mysql5.7.23目录
[root@VM_0_16_centos ~]# mkdir mysql5.7.23
mysql5.7.23（2）将下载好的安装上传到该目录下
[root@VM_0_16_centos ~]# cd mysql5.7.23
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# ls
mysql-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar3.解压安装包（mysql-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar）
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# tar xvf mysql-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-minimal-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]#
4.卸载掉centos7自带的mariadb-lib
方法一：
（1）查询mariadb信息
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
（2）使用rpe -e命令卸载
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 --nodeps此方法卸载失败或者报错，请使用方法二
方法二：
使用yum remove 命名进行删除
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# yum remove mysql-libs
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mariadb-libs.x86_64.1.5.5.44-2.el7.centos 将被 删除
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit)，它被软件包 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit)，它被软件包 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 postfix.x86_64.2.2.10.1-6.el7 将被 删除
--> 解决依赖关系完成
base/7/x86_64 | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
extras/7/x86_64 | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
updates/7/x86_64 | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
依赖关系解决
=======================================================================================================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
=======================================================================================================================================
正在删除:
mariadb-libs x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos @anaconda 4.4 M
为依赖而移除:
postfix x86_64 2:2.10.1-6.el7 @anaconda 12 M
事务概要
=======================================================================================================================================
移除 1 软件包 (+1 依赖软件包)
安装大小：17 M
是否继续？[y/N]：y
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
警告：RPM 数据库已被非 yum 程序修改。
** 发现 4 个已存在的 RPM 数据库问题， 'yum check' 输出如下：
icedtea-web-1.6.1-4.el7.x86_64 有缺少的需求 java-1.8.0-openjdk
jline-1.0-8.el7.noarch 有缺少的需求 java >= ('0', '1.5', None)
1:libreoffice-core-4.3.7.2-5.el7.x86_64 有缺少的需求 java-headless >= ('1', '1.6', None)
1:libreoffice-ure-4.3.7.2-5.el7.x86_64 有缺少的需求 libjvm.so()(64bit)
正在删除 : 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 1/2
正在删除 : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 2/2
验证中 : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 1/2
验证中 : 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 2/2
删除:
mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-2.el7.centos
作为依赖被删除:
postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-6.el7
完毕！5.安装mysql-server服务，只需要安装如下4个软件包即可，使用rpm -ivh进行安装（按顺序安装，后面的服务依赖前面的服务）
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7################################# [100%]
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:mysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.e################################# [100%]
6.安装过程中可能出现的问题
1).缺少libaio
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
错误：依赖检测失败：
libaio.so.1()(64bit) 被 mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 需要
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) 被 mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 需要
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) 被 mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 需要
net-tools 被 mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 需要
解决办法：
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# yum install libaio
2)缺少net-tools
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
错误：依赖检测失败：
net-tools 被 mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64 需要
解决办法：
yum install net-tools
3）缺少numactl
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
报错：warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.9-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
libnuma.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.9-1.el6.x86_64
libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.9-1.el6.x86_64
libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.2)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.9-1.el6.x86_64
解决办法：
yum install numactl7.初始化数据库
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# mysqld --initialize #初始化后会在/var/log/mysqld.log生成随机密码8.修改mysql数据库目录的所属用户及其所属组，然后启动mysql数据库
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql -R
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 一 2018-08-06 20:41:25 CST; 6s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 13031 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 13003 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 13034 (mysqld)
Tasks: 27
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─13034 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
8月 06 20:41:22 eric111 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
8月 06 20:41:25 eric111 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
9.登录mysql，并修改root用户的密码（系统强制要求，否则不能操作mysql）
初始登录密码可在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中找到
[root@VM_0_16_centos mysql5.7.23]# mysql -uroot -p'-4iq<tyjVpLb'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.23
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> set password=password('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
10.开启无密码登录模式
（1）mysql的配置文件在etc目录下，默认是my.cnf
[root@localhost /]# cd etc
[root@localhost etc]# find my.cnf
my.cnf
[root@localhost etc]# ls
abrt crontab gcrypt kernel mtab printcap scl system-release
adjtime cron.weekly gdbinit krb5.conf my.cnf profile securetty system-release-cpe
aliases crypttab gdbinit.d ld.so.cache my.cnf.d profile.d security tcsd.conf
[root@localhost etc]#
（2）编辑my.cnf文件，加入skip-grant-tables配置，开启无密码登录
打开my.cnf文件，输入如下命令，按回车
[root@localhost etc]# vim /etc/my.cnf
按insert键切换编辑模式，增加skip-grant-tables配置
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
[mysqld]
skip-grant-tables
......省略......
（3）保存并退出，然后重启mysql服务
按esc键后，输入:wq 按回车键，保存退出，或者输入:wq! 按回车键，强制保存并退出
重启mysql服务
[root@localhost etc]# systemctl restart mysqld.service
[root@localhost etc]#
（4）登录mysql
[root@localhost etc]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.30 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
11.修改登录密码
（1）使用mysql数据库
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql>
（2）查看mysql当前用户信息
host字段是允许连接mysql服务的客户端主机，%代表所有客户端主机，localhost代表只能在当前主机访问，及本地访问
user字段是登录mysql的用户名称，当前默认有root、mysql.sys、mysql.session三个用户
authentication_string字段是登录mysql的用户密码，加密后的密码，该字段是mysql5.7版本开始使用，之前版本字段为password
mysql> select host,user,authentication_string from user;
+-----------+---------------+-------------------------------------------+
| host | user | authentication_string |
+-----------+---------------+-------------------------------------------+
| % | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| localhost | mysql.session | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE |
| localhost | mysql.sys | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE |
+-----------+---------------+-------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
（3）修改root用户的密码为123456，以及客户端主机访问限制，允许所有主机访问，修改完成，使用flush privileges;刷新权限
mysql> update user set host='%',authentication_string=password('123456') where user='root';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.02 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 0 Warnings: 1
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>
（4）修改密码中，可能出现的错误解决
错误信息：
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.解决方案：
alter user 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';12.修改访问权限
目的：任何主机通过用户root和密码123456连接到mysql服务器，并授权所有权限
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
13.取消无密码登录模式
（1）注释或者删除/etc/my.cnf文件中的skip-grant-tables配置
（2）重启mysql服务（systemctl restart mysqld.service）
到此，在Linux中，安装mysql的教程结束，如有不会，请@我
参考原文：
https://blog.csdn.net/tanjun592/article/details/71797972?locationNum=9&fps=1
100
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
