OC字符串的常规用法NSString的操作

一、字符串的初始化

1>最简单初始化  ————最常用
//    NSString *str1 = @"I Love You!"; //常量区
    2>常规初始化
//    NSString *str2 = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"%@",@"I Heat You!"];
//    NSString *str3 = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:str2];
//    
    便利构造初始化,   ————最常用
//    NSString *str4 =[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d",123];
//

二、字符串的转换

NSString * str = @"hello";
const char *p = [str UTF8String];将OC字符串转化为C的字符串

str = @"123";
int a = [str intValue];//将数字串转化成整型数据
float a = [str floatValue];//将数字串转化成float型
 double a = [str doubleValue];//将数字串转化成double型

三、字符串的拼接

NSString *str5 = [str1 stringByAppendingString:str2];//<span style="font-family:Menlo;">将str2拼接在str1后面</span>    
NSString *str6 = [str1 stringByAppendingFormat:@",%d,%@",123,str2];

四、字符串的截取

NSString *str1 = @"123456";
NSString *str2 =   [str1 substringFromIndex:2];//从第几个开始截取
NSString *str3 =   [str1 substringToIndex:3];//截取到3 的字符串，
NSString *str4 =   [str1 substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(1, 3)];//从下标为1的 长度为4的字符串

五、字符串的查找

 NSString *str1 = @"1234Abcd";
NSRange range = [str1 rangeOfString:@"a"];<span style="font-family:Menlo;">//查找为“a”字符</span>
NSRange range2 =[str1 rangeOfString:@"a"options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch];//
<p style="margin: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><span style="font-family:Menlo;color:#08f0;"></span></p><pre name="code" class="objc">if (range2.length == 0 && range2.location == NSNotFound) {
//        NSLog(@"没有找到");
//    } else {
//        NSLog(@"%d,%d",range2.location,range2.location);
//    }

六、字符串的替换 strinByReplacing

NSString *str1= @"I Love You!";
//    NSString *str2= [str1 stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"L" withString:@"U"];//将查到<span style="font-family:Menlo;">L 修改为U</span>
//    NSLog(@"%@",str2);

七、字符串的比较

NSString *str1 = @"aA";
NSString *str2 = @"Aa";
if([str1 isEqualToString:str2] == YES){   //<span style="font-family:Menlo;">比较2个字符串，返回的结果是BOOL类型的值</span>
        NSLog(@"相等");
}else{
        NSLog(@"不相等");
 }  
<span style="font-family:Menlo;">//   比较并排序</span>
NSComparisonResult result = [str1 compare:str2];  //比较2个字符串，<span style="font-family:Menlo;">根据ASCII码比较，根据返回值进行排序</span>
if (result ==NSOrderedSame) {//相等
        NSLog(@"相等");
}else if (result == NSOrderedAscending){//升序
       NSLog(@"升序");
}else{
        NSLog(@"降序");
    }

八、字符串的大小写转换

NSString *str = @"Say Hello!";
NSString *str2  =  [str uppercaseString];//小写字母转大写
NSString *str3 =  [str2 lowercaseString];//大写转小写
NSString *str4 = [str2  capitalizedString];//首字母大写

九、可变字符串的操作 NSMutableString

注意：可变字符串是继承至不可变字符串，因此具备父类的方法。

NSMutableString  *str1 = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithFormat:@"123"];
    便利构造
    NSMutableString *str2 = [NSMutableString stringWithFormat:@"qqe5"];
    增加插入
//    [str1 insertString:@"azc" atIndex:3];
//    NSLog(@"%@",str1);

十、字符串的翻转

字符串的翻转
NSMutableString *s = [NSMutableString string];
  for (NSUInteger i=self.length; i>0; i--) {
    [s appendString:[self substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(i-1, 1)]];
  }
  return s;