linux多进程通讯---信号新增API eventfd

API说明

•eventfd API
•int eventfd(unsigned int initval, int flags);
–用来创建一个用于事件通知的eventfd对象
–返回值为一个int型fd，用来引用打开的对象
–打开的对象在内核中是一个64位的无符号整型计数器，初始化为initval
–计数器数据类型：typedef uint64_t eventfd_t
•flags:
–EFD_CLOEXEC：类似于open的flags，fork子进程时不继承
–EFD_NONBLOCK：一般会设置成非阻塞
–EFD_SEMAPHORE：信号量语义的read，每次读操作，计时器值减1
•内核实现：fs/eventfd.c

举例

#include <sys/eventfd.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>             /* Definition of uint64_t */

#define handle_error(msg) \
    do { perror(msg); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } while (0)

int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int fd_event, j;
    uint64_t u;
    ssize_t s;

    if (argc < 2) 
    {
        fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s <num>...\n", argv[0]);
        exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    fd_event = eventfd(0, EFD_SEMAPHORE);
    if (fd_event == -1)
        handle_error ("eventfd");

    switch (fork()) 
    {
        case 0:
            sleep (1);
            for (j = 1; j < argc; j++) 
            {
                printf ("Child writing %s to fd_event\n", argv[j]);
                u = strtoull (argv[j], NULL, 0);
                    /* strtoull() allows various bases */
                s = write (fd_event, &u, sizeof(uint64_t));
                if (s != sizeof(uint64_t))
                    handle_error ("write");
            }
            printf ("Child completed write loop\n");
            exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);

        default:
            //  sleep (2);

            printf ("Parent about to read\n");
            s = read (fd_event, &u, sizeof(uint64_t));
            if (s != sizeof(uint64_t))
                handle_error ("read");
            printf ("Parent read %llu (0x%llx) from fd_event\n",
                (unsigned long long) u, (unsigned long long) u);

            s = read (fd_event, &u, sizeof(uint64_t));
            if (s != sizeof(uint64_t))
                handle_error ("read");
            printf ("Parent read %llu (0x%llx) from fd_event\n",
                (unsigned long long) u, (unsigned long long) u);

            s = read (fd_event, &u, sizeof(uint64_t));
            if (s != sizeof(uint64_t))
                handle_error ("read");
            printf ("Parent read %llu (0x%llx) from fd_event\n",
                (unsigned long long) u, (unsigned long long) u);
            exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);

        case -1:
            handle_error ("fork");
    }
}
// ./a.out 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9