python3 使用 pip 安装时的UnicodeDecodeError问题

      我使用pip安装flask框架， 其中在安装MarkupSafe这一模块时遇到了问题，报错如下

Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Lixin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\compat\__init__.py", line 73, in console_to_str
    return s.decode(sys.__stdout__.encoding)
UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xd5 in position 2: invalid continuation byte

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Lixin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\basecommand.py", line 215, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "C:\Users\Lixin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\commands\install.py", line 342, in run
    prefix=options.prefix_path,
  File "C:\Users\Lixin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\req\req_set.py", line 784, in install
    **kwargs
  File "C:\Users\Lixin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\req\req_install.py", line 878, in install
    spinner=spinner,
  File "C:\Users\Lixin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\utils\__init__.py", line 676, in call_subprocess
    line = console_to_str(proc.stdout.readline())
  File "C:\Users\Lixin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\site-packages\pip\compat\__init__.py", line 75, in console_to_str
    return s.decode('utf_8')
UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xd5 in position 2: invalid continuation byte

     网上也有很多类似的问题，但都是基于python2.x来解决的。我知道导致这一问题的原因就是路径中出现了中文，而windows系统是用GBK编码的，因此我尝试将pip\compat\__init__.py中出现问题的那一句（也就是报错信息中我用红色标注的）'utf-8'改成‘gbk'，问题就解决了。

     顺便一提，当安装错误，我重启电脑再次安装时，会提示模块已经安装，这时安装上去的代码是不全的，使用时肯定会出错。需要你先卸载该模块再重新按照改正后的方法安装