macbook pyenv 安装 python3.6.8 报错

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在Mac上通过pyenv安装Python3.6.8时遇到错误，主要涉及zlib和bzip2的重新安装，以及环境变量配置。解决方案包括：1. 使用Homebrew重新安装zlib和bzip2；2. 更新.zshrc或.bashrc文件，添加相关路径和环境变量；3. 使用特定的CFLAGS和LDFLAGS安装Python。遵循这些步骤可以解决由于找不到sendfile函数导致的编译错误。

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解决办法：

1. 安装 pyenv 及 pyenv-virtualenv

brew install pyenv
git clone https://github.com/yyuu/pyenv-virtualenv.git ~/.pyenv/plugins/pyenv-virtualenv

pyenv安装python3.6.8 报错

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<没有设置>
    else if(0 == _NSGetExecutablePath(execpath, &nsexeclength) && execpath[0] == SEP) {
                                                ^~~~~~~~~~~~~
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/mach-o/dyld.h:98:54: note: passing argument to parameter 'bufsize' here
extern int _NSGetExecutablePath(char* buf, uint32_t* bufsize)                 __OSX_AVAILABLE_STARTING(__MAC_10_2, __IPHONE_2_0);
                                                     ^
clang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -I/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include   -I/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include   -std=c99 -Wextra -Wno-unused-result -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wstrict-prototypes   -I. -I./Include -I/usr/local/opt/readline/include -I/usr/local/opt/readline/include -I/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/include -I/Users/guangcui/.pyenv/versions/3.6.8/include  -I/usr/local/opt/readline/include -I/usr/local/opt/readline/include -I/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/include -I/Users/guangcui/.pyenv/versions/3.6.8/include   -DPy_BUILD_CORE  -c ./Modules/posixmodule.c -o Modules/posixmodule.o
clang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -I/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include   -I/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include   -std=c99 -Wextra -Wno-unused-result -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wstrict-prototypes   -I. -I./Include -I/usr/local/opt/readline/include -I/usr/local/opt/readline/include -I/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/include -I/Users/guangcui/.pyenv/versions/3.6.8/include  -I/usr/local/opt/readline/include -I/usr/local/opt/readline/include -I/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/include -I/Users/guangcui/.pyenv/versions/3.6.8/include   -DPy_BUILD_CORE  -c ./Modules/errnomodule.c -o Modules/errnomodule.o
./Modules/posixmodule.c:8210:15: error: implicit declaration of function 'sendfile' is invalid in C99 [-Werror,-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
        ret = sendfile(in, out, offset, &sbytes, &sf, flags);
              ^
./Modules/posixmodule.c:10432:5: warning: code will never be executed [-Wunreachable-code]
    Py_FatalError("abort() called from Python code didn't abort!");
    ^~~~~~~~~~~~~

处理方法

1. 重新安装 zlib bzip2

brew reinstall zlib bzip2

2. 基于使用的shell, 可以更新.zshrc或.bashrc（如果没有该文本，可以在～目录下建议文件，输入下面内容然后保存然后重启shell）

export PATH="$HOME/.pyenv/bin:$PATH"
export PATH="/usr/local/bin:$PATH"

eval "$(pyenv init -)"
eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/zlib/lib -L/usr/local/opt/bzip2/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/zlib/include -I/usr/local/opt/bzip2/include"

3. 输入以下安装命令如果需要改版本可以将3.6.8 改为其他版本

CFLAGS="-I$(brew --prefix openssl)/include -I$(brew --prefix bzip2)/include -I$(brew --prefix readline)/include -I$(xcrun --show-sdk-path)/usr/include" LDFLAGS="-L$(brew --prefix openssl)/lib -L$(brew --prefix readline)/lib -L$(brew --prefix zlib)/lib -L$(brew --prefix bzip2)/lib" pyenv install --patch 3.6.8 < <(curl -sSL https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/8ea6353.patch\?full_index\=1)

参考：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/66482346/problems-installing-python-3-6-with-pyenv-on-mac-os-big-sur/66483524

https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv/issues/1737

https://www.jianshu.com/p/60f361822a7e