HashMap常用方法总结

import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.*;

/**
 * Map中常用方法
 * map中数据是无序的,但不是随机的,一旦插入,就有了先后顺序
 */
public class HashMapTest {
    /**
     * 增删改查方法
     */
    @Test
    public void test() {
        //插入一条数据,key相同就用新的value替换旧的value
        HashMap hashMap = new HashMap();
        hashMap.put("name", "hero");
        hashMap.put("age", 18);

        HashMap hashMap2 = new HashMap();
        hashMap2.put(1, 2);
        hashMap2.put(3, 4);

        //插入多条数据
        hashMap.putAll(hashMap2);
        System.out.println(hashMap);

        //通过key移除一个数据
        Object remove = hashMap.remove(1);
        System.out.println(remove);//返回移除的value
        System.out.println(hashMap);

        //查找 key为3的value
        Object o = hashMap.get(3);
        System.out.println(o);

        //是否存在key
        boolean b1 = hashMap.containsKey(1);
        System.out.println(b1);

        //是否存在value
        boolean b = hashMap.containsValue(2);
        System.out.println(b1);

        //清空map,不是将map设置为null, 而是清空每个值
        hashMap.clear();
        System.out.println(hashMap);
    }

    /**
     * map的遍历
     */
    @Test
    public void test2() {
        HashMap hashMap = new HashMap();
        hashMap.put("name", "hero");
        hashMap.put("age", 18);
        hashMap.put("birth", "2022-01-01");

        //遍历key
        Set set = hashMap.keySet();
        Iterator iterator = set.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            System.out.println(iterator.next());
        }

        //遍历value
        Collection values = hashMap.values();
        for (Object o : values) {
            System.out.println(o);
        }

        //遍历键值对 k->v Entry
        Set set1 = hashMap.entrySet();
        Iterator iterator1 = set1.iterator();
        while (iterator1.hasNext()) {
            Object next = iterator1.next();
            Map.Entry e = (Map.Entry) next;//强转成entry类型
            System.out.println(e.getKey() + "=====" + e.getValue());
        }
    }
}