线程通信

方法：wait():让线程进入等待状态，直到其他线程调用notify()或notifyAll()或者到了按指定时间。
notify():唤醒在此对象监视器上等待的单个线程。
notifyAll():唤醒在此对象监视器上等待的所有线程。
经典模型：生产者-消费者
//产品类
public class Product {
String name;
int id;

public Product(String name, int id) {
    this.name = name;
    this.id = id;
}

public String toString() {
    return "Product [name=" + name + ", id=" + id + "]";
}

}

//生产者
public class Produter implements Runnable {
ProductBox box;
Thread t;

Produter(ProductBox box) {
    this.box = box;
    t = new Thread(this);
    t.start();
}

public void run() {
    for (int i = 1; i < 11; i++)
        box.put(new Product("产品", i));// 生产
    try {
        Thread.sleep(500);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

}

//消费者
public class Consumer implements Runnable {
ProductBox box;
Thread t;

public Consumer(ProductBox box) {
    this.box = box;
    t = new Thread(this);
    t.start();
}

@Override
public void run() {
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
        box.get();// 消费
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

}

//缓存产品
public class ProductBox {
Product box[] = new Product[5];// 缓存数组
int index = 0;

// 生产产品
public synchronized void put(Product p) {
    if (index == 5) {
        try {
            wait();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    box[index++] = p;// 产品存入数组
    System.out.println("生产:" + p);
    notify();
}

// 消费产品
public synchronized Product get() {
    if (index == 0) {
        try {
            wait();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    Product p = box[--index];// 从数组取出产品
    System.out.println("消费" + p);
    notify();
    return p;
}

}

//测试类
public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    ProductBox box = new ProductBox();
    new Produter(box);
    new Consumer(box);
}

}