一、安装Apache
Apache
版本:Apache 2.4.25 x64
下载地址:https://www.apachehaus.com/cgi-bin/download.plx下载的是zip包,直接解压)
下载的是zip包,直接解压到E:\apache\Apache24目录。使用zip包的Apache需要注意两个地方:
1、修改默认的路径
按照Apache默认的配置我们应当将Apache24硬盘的根目录下,但是我们没有放置在根目录下所以需要配置,进入conf目录下打开httpd.conf文件,在38行有这样两行代码:
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Define SRVROOT
"/Apache24"
ServerRoot
"${SRVROOT}"
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Define SRVROOT
"E:\apache\Apache24"
ServerRoot
"${SRVROOT}"
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如果不修改会提示错误:
httpd.exe: Syntax error on line 39 of D:/Android_Develop_Tools/httpd-2.4.23-x64-
vc14/Apache24/conf/httpd.conf: ServerRoot must be a valid directory
打Apache Service Monitor窗口,如果Service status中没有Apache服务,就需要将Apache服务安装到Windows的服务中。
以管理员身份打CMD命令窗口,输入安装Apache服务命令。
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httpd.exe -k install
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二、安装 mod_jk 连接模块
下载地址:https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-connectors/jk/binaries/windows/
1、mod_jk负责Apache连接Tomcat.。将下载下来的mod_jk.so复制到E:\apache\Apache24\modules目录下。
2、修改httpd.conf文件,在该文件最后加上以下代码。
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Include conf/mod_jk.conf
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在E:\apache\Apache24\conf目录下创建mod_jk.conf文件,文件内容如下:
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#加载mod_jk Module
LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
#指定 workers.properties文件路径
JkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties
#指定那些请求交给tomcat处理,
"controller"
为在workers.propertise里指定的负载分配控制器
JkMount /*.jsp controller
JkMount /*.
do
controller
JkMount /*.htm controller
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在E:\apache\Apache24\conf目录下创建workers.properties文件,文件内容如下:
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worker.list = controller,tomcat1,tomcat2,tomcat3 #server 列表
#========tomcat1========
worker.tomcat1.port=
8109
#ajp13 端口号,在tomcat下server.xml配置,默认
8009
worker.tomcat1.host=localhost #tomcat的主机地址,如不为本机,请填写ip地址
worker.tomcat1.type=ajp13
worker.tomcat1.lbfactor =
1
#server的加权比重,值越高,分得的请求越多
#========tomcat2========
worker.tomcat2.port=
8209
#ajp13 端口号,在tomcat下server.xml配置,默认
8009
worker.tomcat2.host=localhost #tomcat的主机地址,如不为本机,请填写ip地址
worker.tomcat2.type=ajp13
worker.tomcat2.lbfactor =
2
#server的加权比重,值越高,分得的请求越多
#========tomcat2========
worker.tomcat3.port=
8309
#ajp13 端口号,在tomcat下server.xml配置,默认
8009
worker.tomcat3.host=localhost #tomcat的主机地址,如不为本机,请填写ip地址
worker.tomcat3.type=ajp13
worker.tomcat3.lbfactor =
2
#server的加权比重,值越高,分得的请求越多
#========controller,负载均衡控制器========
worker.controller.type=lb
worker.controller.balanced_workers=tomcat1,tomcat2,tomcat3 #指定分担请求的tomcat
worker.controller.sticky_session=
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安装3个tomcat,最重要的一点就是修改server.xml文件中的端口。注意标红的字体部分,这是需要修改的地方。
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<!--?xml version=
'1.0'
encoding=
'utf-8'
?-->
<!--如果多个tomcat部署在同一台服务器中,此处的关闭tomcat的端口需要更改,不能冲突-->
<server port=
"8105"
shutdown=
"SHUTDOWN"
>
<listener classname=
"org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener"
>
<listener classname=
"org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"
sslengine=
"on"
>
<listener classname=
"org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener"
>
<listener classname=
"org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener"
>
<listener classname=
"org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener"
>
<globalnamingresources>
<resource auth=
"Container"
description=
"User database that can be updated and saved"
factory=
"org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
name=
"UserDatabase"
pathname=
"conf/tomcat-users.xml"
type=
"org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
>
</resource></globalnamingresources>
<service name=
"Catalina"
></service></listener></listener></listener></listener></listener></server>
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<!--如果使用apache整合,那么此配置可以注释,因为apache是通过ajp协议来通信的,tomcat并不会直接暴露出来-->
<connector connectiontimeout=
"20000"
port=
"8180"
protocol=
"HTTP/1.1"
redirectport=
"8443"
>
<!--如果多个tomcat部署在同一个服务器中,此处的ajp协议端口必须不一样,并且需要增加jvmRoute属性,该属性的值即为workers.properties中的tomcat的名称-->
<connector jvmroute=
"tomcat1"
port=
"8109"
protocol=
"AJP/1.3"
redirectport=
"8443"
>
<engine defaulthost=
"localhost"
name=
"Catalina"
>
<cluster classname=
"org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
>
<realm classname=
"org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"
>
<realm classname=
"org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
resourcename=
"UserDatabase"
>
</realm>
<host appbase=
"webapps"
autodeploy=
"true"
name=
"localhost"
unpackwars=
"true"
>
<valve classname=
"org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve"
directory=
"logs"
pattern=
"%h %l %u %t "
prefix=
"localhost_access_log"
s=
""
suffix=
".txt"
>
</valve></host>
</realm></cluster></engine>
</connector></connector>
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四、Session共享
在web.xml中加入。
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<!--?xml version=
"1.0"
encoding=
"UTF-8"
?-->
<web-app id=
"WebApp_ID"
version=
"3.1"
xmlns=
"https://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi=
"https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemalocation=
"https://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee https://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
>
<display-name>tomcatCluster</display-name>
<distributable>
</distributable></web-app>
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创建Web工程,写一个JSP。部署到tomcat1、tomcat2、tomcat3服务器,启动Apache、3个Tomcat服务器。在浏览器中输入https://localhost/TomcatCluster/test.jsp。
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<%@ page contentType=
"text/html; charset=UTF-8"
%>
<%@ page
import
=
"java.util.*"
%>
<title></title>
<% System.out.println(
"SessionID:"
+ session.getId()); %> Server Info: <% out.println(request.getServerName() +
" : "
+ request.getServerPort()+"<br>
");%> <% out.println("
<br>
ID
" + session.getId()+"
<br>
"); // 如果有新的 Session 属性设置 String dataName = request.getParameter("
dataName
"); if (dataName != null && dataName.length() > 0) { String dataValue = request.getParameter("
dataValue
"); session.setAttribute(dataName, dataValue); } out.print("
<b>Session 列表</b><br>
"); Enumeration e = session.getAttributeNames(); while (e.hasMoreElements()) { String name = (String)e.nextElement(); String value = session.getAttribute(name).toString(); out.println( name + "
=
" + value+"
<br>
"); System.out.println( name + "
= " + value); } %>
<form action=
"test.jsp"
method=
"POST"
>
名称:<input name=
"dataName"
size=
"20"
type=
"text"
><br>
数值:<input name=
"dataValue"
size=
"20"
type=
"text"
><br>
<input type=
"submit"
> </form>
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