HDU 1372 Knight Moves 【经典BFS】

Knight Moves

Time Limit : 2000/1000ms (Java/Other)   Memory Limit : 65536/32768K (Java/Other)

Total Submission(s) : 2   Accepted Submission(s) : 2

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Problem Description

A friend of you is doing research on the Traveling Knight Problem (TKP) where you are to find the shortest closed tour of knight moves that visits each square of a given set of n squares on a chessboard exactly once. He thinks that the most difficult part of the problem is determining the smallest number of knight moves between two given squares and that, once you have accomplished this, finding the tour would be easy.
Of course you know that it is vice versa. So you offer him to write a program that solves the "difficult" part.

Your job is to write a program that takes two squares a and b as input and then determines the number of knight moves on a shortest route from a to b.

Input

The input file will contain one or more test cases. Each test case consists of one line containing two squares separated by one space. A square is a string consisting of a letter (a-h) representing the column and a digit (1-8) representing the row on the chessboard.

Output

For each test case, print one line saying "To get from xx to yy takes n knight moves.".

Sample Input

e2 e4
a1 b2
b2 c3
a1 h8
a1 h7
h8 a1
b1 c3
f6 f6

Sample Output

To get from e2 to e4 takes 2 knight moves.
To get from a1 to b2 takes 4 knight moves.
To get from b2 to c3 takes 2 knight moves.
To get from a1 to h8 takes 6 knight moves.
To get from a1 to h7 takes 5 knight moves.
To get from h8 to a1 takes 6 knight moves.
To get from b1 to c3 takes 1 knight moves.
To get from f6 to f6 takes 0 knight moves.

第一次用BFS 要用到队列 很不熟练 

C++的库函数里面有queue 非常好用 看来要多熟悉熟悉C++了

队列的基本用法：

queue<type> q；

1.入队：如q.push(x):将x元素接到队列的末端；
2.出队：如q.pop() 弹出队列的第一个元素，并不会返回元素的值；
3,访问队首元素：如q.front()
4,访问队尾元素，如q.back();
5,访问队中的元素个数，如q.size();

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<queue>
using namespace std;
struct node
{
    int x,y,num;
};
int ax,ay,bx,by;
int map[10][10];
int step[8][2]= {{-2,1},{-1,2},{1,2}  ,{2,1},
    {2,-1},{1,-2},{-1,-2},{-2,-1}
};
char a[3],b[3];
void BFS(int x,int y);
int main (void)
{
    while(~scanf("%s%s",a,b))
    {
        ax=a[0]-'a'+1;
        ay=a[1]-'0';
        bx=b[0]-'a'+1;
        by=b[1]-'0';
        BFS(ax,ay);
    }
    return 0;
}
void BFS(int x,int y)
{
    node point,newpoint;//定义结构体
    queue<node> q;//定义队列
    point.x=x;
    point.y=y;
    point.num=0;
    memset(map,0,sizeof(map));
    map[point.x][point.y]=1;
    q.push(point);
    while(!q.empty())
    {
        point=q.front();
        q.pop();
        if(point.x==bx&&point.y==by)
        {
            printf("To get from %s to %s takes %d knight moves.\n",a,b,point.num);
            return;
        }
        for(int i=0; i<8; i++)
        {
            newpoint.x=point.x+step[i][0];
            newpoint.y=point.y+step[i][1];
            if(newpoint.x>0&&newpoint.x<9&&newpoint.y>0&&newpoint.y<9&&map[newpoint.x][newpoint.y]==0)
            {
                newpoint.num=point.num+1;
                q.push(newpoint);
            }
        }
    }
}