手把手教你打造一个VIM-IDE

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-11 14:19:42 发布

木子先生_1

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-11 14:19:42 发布

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文章标签： vim ide ubuntu

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_25145163/article/details/119185472

版权

先放上已打造好、可直接使用的VIM-IDE包，懒得一步一步操作配置的可直接下载解压后使用。

Ubuntu 64位免安装版VIM-IDE。压缩包为直接打包/etc/vim配置及插件包

https://download.csdn.net/download/qq_25145163/20550802

window 32位 VIM-IDE

基于win32版本vim82搭建IDE，解压文件到自定义目录下即可，并设置系统环境变量VIM 值为该目录

https://download.csdn.net/download/qq_25145163/20552884

接下来，转入正题，下面将详细介绍操作步骤：

前期准备

需要安装git、cscope工具，可通过apt-get 自行安装

apt-get install cscope git

安装插件管理工具Vundle(必备)

git clone https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim.git /etc/vim/bundle/Vundle.vim

虽然仅占用空间 1.4M，但从github.com 上clone速度会稍慢点，因此不要着急

配置插件

在/etc/vim下找到vimrc，在文件最后加入以下内容，用来支持插件的配置文件 /etc/vim/vimrc.Vundle

 set fileencodings=utf-8,gbk,gb2312,gb18030
 set fileencoding=utf8
 set encoding=utf8
  
 set nu
  
 if filereadable("/etc/vim/vimrc.Vundle")
    source /etc/vim/vimrc.Vundle
 endif

具体的配置文件如下，相关配置的介绍资料有很多，此处不再赘述，该文件中已包含大部分常用的插件的配置。

"
" ==============vim基本配置==============
set guifont=Monospace\ 14
set nu            " 显示行号
syntax enable
syntax on
colorscheme desert

set path+="/usr/include,../include" 
set autowrite   " 自动保存
set autoindent  "自动对齐
set foldmethod=syntax
set foldlevel=100  " 启动vim时不要自动折叠代码
set textwidth=80
set formatoptions+=t
set cindent    "使用 C/C++ 语言的自动缩进方式
set smartindent     "智能对齐
set noerrorbells
set showmatch    "高亮显示对应的括号
set nobackup 
set noswapfile

"set cursorline  "突出显示当前行
set incsearch  "搜素高亮,搜索逐渐高亮
set hlsearch  "高亮度搜寻
" disable 
"noremap <Up> <Nop>
"noremap <Down> <Nop>
"noremap <Left> <Nop>
"noremap <Right> <Nop>

" remap control + arrow key to select windows
noremap <C-Down>  <C-W>j
noremap <C-Up>    <C-W>k
noremap <C-Left>  <C-W>h
noremap <C-Right> <C-W>l
noremap <C-J> <C-W>j
noremap <C-K> <C-W>k
noremap <C-H> <C-W>h
noremap <C-L> <C-W>l

" ==============Vundle插件管理==============
" Vundle manage
set nocompatible              " be iMproved, required
filetype off                  " required

" set the runtime path to include Vundle and initialize
set rtp+=$VIM/vimfiles/bundle/Vundle.vim
call vundle#rc('$VIM/vimfiles/bundle/')
call vundle#begin()

" let Vundle manage Vundle, required
Plugin 'VundleVim/Vundle.vim'
Plugin 'Valloric/YouCompleteMe' "代码补齐
Plugin 'SirVer/ultisnips'  "代码块补全
Plugin 'honza/vim-snippets'
Plugin 'ervandew/supertab' "解决多个插件共用TAB键问题
Plugin 'scrooloose/nerdtree' "目录树
Plugin 'Xuyuanp/nerdtree-git-plugin'
Plugin 'jistr/vim-nerdtree-tabs'
"Plugin 'majutsushi/tagbar' " Tag bar
Plugin 'vim-airline/vim-airline' | Plugin 'vim-airline/vim-airline-themes' " Status line"
Plugin 'Lokaltog/vim-powerline'
Plugin 'jiangmiao/auto-pairs'  "自动成对操作括号
Plugin 'mbbill/undotree'   "撤销修改
Plugin 'gdbmgr'   "调试器插件
Plugin 'scrooloose/nerdcommenter'  "快速注释/反注释插件
Plugin 'Yggdroot/indentLine' "对齐线
Plugin 'bling/vim-bufferline' " Buffer line
Plugin 'kepbod/quick-scope' " Quick scope
Plugin 'yianwillis/vimcdoc' "vim中文帮助文档
Plugin 'nelstrom/vim-visual-star-search'
Plugin 'ludovicchabant/vim-gutentags'
Plugin 'w0rp/ale'
Plugin 'mbbill/echofunc'  "自动显示函数声明插件
Plugin 'Yggdroot/LeaderF', { 'do': './install.sh' } "文件、buffers、mrus（most recently used）、tags 的检索
"All of your Plugins must be added before the following line
call vundle#end()            " required
filetype plugin indent on    " required

" ===========supertab============
" make YCM compatible with UltiSnips (using supertab)
let g:ycm_key_list_select_completion = ['<C-n>', '<Down>']
let g:ycm_key_list_previous_completion = ['<C-p>', '<Up>']
let g:SuperTabDefaultCompletionType = '<C-n>'
let g:SuperTabRetainCompletionType=2 
" better key bindings for UltiSnipsExpandTrigger
"let g:UltiSnipsExpandTrigger="<c-e>"
"let g:UltiSnipsJumpForwardTrigger="<c-j>"
"let g:UltiSnipsJumpBackwardTrigger="<c-k>"
" ==============YCM==============
let g:ycm_server_python_interpreter='/usr/bin/python'
let g:ycm_global_ycm_extra_conf='$VIM/vimfiles/.ycm_extra_conf.py'
" 停止提示是否载入本地ycm_extra_conf文件
let g:ycm_confirm_extra_conf = 0
" 语法关键字补全
let g:ycm_seed_identifiers_with_syntax = 1
" 开启 YCM 基于标签引擎
let g:ycm_collect_identifiers_from_tags_files = 1
" 从第2个键入字符就开始罗列匹配项
let g:ycm_min_num_of_chars_for_completion=2
" 在注释输入中也能补全
let g:ycm_complete_in_comments = 1
" 在字符串输入中也能补全
let g:ycm_complete_in_strings = 1
" 注释和字符串中的文字也会被收入补全
let g:ycm_collect_identifiers_from_comments_and_strings = 1
  " YCM 查找定义
let mapleader=','
nnoremap <leader>gl :YcmCompleter GoToDeclaration<CR>
nnoremap <leader>gf :YcmCompleter GoToDefinition<CR>
nnoremap <leader>gg :YcmCompleter GoToDefinitionElseDeclaration<CR>
let g:ycm_collect_identifiers_from_tags_files = 1

set completeopt=menu,menuone   
let g:ycm_add_preview_to_completeopt = 0  " 关闭函数原型提示

let g:ycm_show_diagnostics_ui = 0 " 关闭诊断信息
let g:ycm_server_log_level = 'info'
let g:ycm_min_num_identifier_candidate_chars = 2  " 两个字符触发 补全
let g:ycm_collect_identifiers_from_comments_and_strings = 1 " 收集
let g:ycm_complete_in_strings=1

noremap <c-z> <NOP>
let g:ycm_key_invoke_completion = '<c-z>'   " YCM 里触发语义补全有一个快捷键
let g:ycm_max_num_candidates = 15  " 候选数量

let g:ycm_semantic_triggers =  {
			\ 'c,cpp,python,java,go,erlang,perl': ['re!\w{2}'],
			\ 'cs,lua,javascript': ['re!\w{2}'],
			\ }

"==========设置代码块补全==========
let g:UltiSnipsExpandTrigger="<tab>" "被代码补齐占用
"let g:UltiSnipsExpandTrigger="<c-z>"
let g:UltiSnipsJumpForwardTrigger="<c-h>"
let g:UltiSnipsJumpBackwardTrigger="<c-l>"

" ===========gutentags=============
"let g:gutentags_enabled='0'
"let g:gutentags_trace = '1'
" 搜索工程目录的标志，碰到这些文件/目录名就停止向上一级目录递归
let g:gutentags_project_root = ['.root', '.svn', '.git', '.hg', '.project', '.gitignore']

" 添加ctags额外参数，会让tags文件变大
" let g:gutentags_ctags_extra_args = ['--fields=+niazlS', '--extra=+q']
 let g:gutentags_ctags_extra_args = ['--fields=+lS']
 let g:gutentags_ctags_extra_args += ['--languages=c,c++']
" let g:gutentags_ctags_extra_args += ['--c-kinds=+px']

"let g:gutentags_cache_dir = expand('~/.cache/tags')
"let g:gutentags_ctags_tagfile=".tags"

if isdirectory("kernel/") && isdirectory("mm/")
	let g:gutentags_file_list_command = 'find arch/arm/ mm/ kernel/ include/ init/ lib/ drivers/'
endif


" =======echodoc 显示函数参数===========
"let g:EchoFuncShowOnStatus = 0
"ctags -R --fields=+lS .

"======= NerdTree=========
autocmd StdinReadPre * let s:std_in=1
autocmd VimEnter * if argc() == 0 && !exists("s:std_in") | NERDTree | endif
let NERDTreeWinSize=30
"显示行号
let NERDTreeShowLineNumbers=1
let NERDTreeAutoCenter=1
"使用书签功能
let NERDTreeShowBookmarks=1

let g:winManagerWindowLayout='TagList'
nmap wm :WMToggle<cr>
"设置F3触发
map <F3> :NERDTreeToggle<CR>
"自动关闭树形目录
let NERDTreeQuitOnOpen = 1
"高亮当前行
let NERDTreeHighlightCursorline = 1

"是否显示隐藏文件
let g:NERDTreeShowHidden = 0

"忽略特定文件和目录
let NERDTreeIgnore=[ '\.pyc$', '\.pyo$', '\.py\$class$', '\.obj$',
            \ '\.o$', '\.so$', '\.egg$', '^\.git$', '__pycache__', '\.DS_Store' ]

"======nerdtree-git-plugin===
let g:NERDTreeIndicatorMapCustom = {
    \ "Modified"  : "✹",
    \ "Staged"    : "✚",
    \ "Untracked" : "✭",
    \ "Renamed"   : "➜",
    \ "Unmerged"  : "═",
    \ "Deleted"   : "✖",
    \ "Dirty"     : "✗",
    \ "Clean"     : "✔︎",
    \ "Unknown"   : "?"
    \ }

"--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"  自动加载ctags: ctags -R
if filereadable("tags")
      set tags=tags
endif
"if filereadable(".tags")
"      set tags=.tags
"endif

"--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
" cscope:建立数据库：cscope -Rbq；  F5 查找c符号； F6 查找字符串；   F7 查找函数定义； F8 查找函数谁调用了，
"--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if has("cscope")
  set csprg=/usr/bin/cscope
  set csto=1
  set cst
  set nocsverb
  " add any database in current directory
  if filereadable("cscope.out")
      cs add cscope.out
  endif
  set csverb
endif


:set cscopequickfix=s-,c-,d-,i-,t-,e-

nmap <C-_>s :cs find s <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
nmap <C-_>g :cs find g <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
nmap <C-_>c :cs find c <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
nmap <C-_>t :cs find t <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
nmap <C-_>e :cs find e <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
nmap <C-_>f :cs find f <C-R>=expand("<cfile>")<CR><CR>
nmap <C-_>i :cs find i ^<C-R>=expand("<cfile>")<CR>$<CR>
nmap <C-_>d :cs find d <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>


"nmap <C-_>s :cs find s <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
"F5 查找c符号； F6 查找字符串；   F7 查找函数定义； F8 查找函数谁调用了，
nmap <silent> <F5> :cs find s <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> :botright copen<CR><CR> 
nmap <silent> <F6> :cs find t <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> :botright copen<CR><CR>
"nmap <silent> <F7> :cs find g <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> 
nmap <silent> <F7> :cs find c <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> :botright copen<CR><CR>

"--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
" global:建立数据库
"--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if filereadable("GTAGS")
	set cscopetag
	set cscopeprg=gtags-cscope
	cs add GTAGS
	au BufWritePost *.c,*.cpp,*.h silent! !global -u &
endif

" ======ALE静态语法检测========
let g:ale_sign_column_always = 1
let g:ale_sign_error = '✗'
let g:ale_sign_warning = 'w'
let g:ale_statusline_format = ['✗ %d', '⚡ %d', '✔ OK']
let g:ale_echo_msg_format = '[%linter%] %code: %%s'
let g:ale_lint_on_text_changed = 'normal'
let g:ale_lint_on_insert_leave = 1
"let g:airline#extensions#ale#enabled = 1
let g:ale_c_gcc_options = '-Wall -O2 -std=c99' 
let g:ale_cpp_gcc_options = '-Wall -O2 -std=c++14'
let g:ale_c_cppcheck_options = ''
let g:ale_cpp_cppcheck_options = ''
"增加使用make -n 来更好的解决误报错问题(误报头文件等)
let g:ale_c_parse_makefile=1

"普通模式下，sp前往上一个错误或警告，sn前往下一个错误或警告
nmap sp <Plug>(ale_previous_wrap)
nmap sn <Plug>(ale_next_wrap)
"<Leader>s触发/关闭语法检查
nmap <Leader>s :ALEToggle<CR>
"<Leader>d查看错误或警告的详细信息
nmap <Leader>d :ALEDetail<CR>


" ========airline状态栏=========
let g:airline_section_b = '%-0.10{getcwd()}'
let g:airline_section_c = '%t'
let g:airline#extensions#tagbar#enabled = 1
let g:airline_section_y = ''
set t_Co=256  "在windows中用xshell连接打开vim可以显示色彩
"set nocompatible   " Disable vi-compatibility
" 总是显示状态栏 
set laststatus=2   " Always show the statusline
"set encoding=utf-8 " Necessary to show Unicode glyphs
"解决consle输出乱码
"set termencoding = cp936  
"设置中文提示
language messages zh_CN.utf-8 
"设置中文帮助
set helplang=cn
" 设置为双字宽显示，否则无法完整显示如:☆
set ambiwidth=double
let g:airline_powerline_fonts = 1   " 使用powerline打过补丁的字体
let g:Powerline_symbols= 'unicode'
let g:airline_theme="dark"      " 设置主题
"let g:airline_theme="luna" 
"let g:airline_theme='bubblegum'
"打开tabline功能,方便查看Buffer和切换，这个功能比较不错"
"我还省去了minibufexpl插件，因为我习惯在1个Tab下用多个buffer"
let g:airline#extensions#tabline#enabled = 1
"tabline中当前buffer两端的分隔字符
let g:airline#extensions#tabline#left_sep = '┇'
"tabline中未激活buffer两端的分隔字符
let g:airline#extensions#tabline#left_alt_sep = '|'      
"tabline中buffer显示编号
let g:airline#extensions#tabline#buffer_nr_show = 1 
"let g:airline#extensions#tabline#buffer_nr_format = "[%s]"

if !exists('g:airline_symbols')
	let g:airline_symbols = {}
endif

  " unicode symbols
let g:airline_left_sep = '▶ '
let g:airline_right_sep = '◀ '
let g:airline_symbols.crypt = '🔒'
let g:airline_symbols.linenr = '☰'
"let g:airline_symbols.maxlinenr = ''
let g:airline_symbols.maxlinenr = '㏑'
let g:airline_symbols.branch = '⎇'
let g:airline_symbols.paste = 'ρ '
let g:airline_symbols.spell = 'Ꞩ'
let g:airline_symbols.notexists = 'Ɇ'
let g:airline_symbols.whitespace = 'Ξ '

"设置切换Buffer快捷键"
nnoremap <C-N> :bn<CR>
nnoremap <C-P> :bp<CR>

以上是本人自用的插件管理配置文件，浏览该配置文件可知，其主要包涵三大部分，vim基本配置、插件管理部分、具体插件配置项。

vim基本配置部分，主要是用来配置一些基本的vim基本的配置项，方便使用。

插件管理部分，主要包含两块，一是指定插件管理工具Vundle的路径（set rtp+=$VIM/vimfiles/bundle/Vundle.vim），二是管理插件，如需新增插件，只需在call vundle#begin()与 call vundle#end()之间加入插件即可，格式为 Plugin+插件（如Plugin 'Valloric/YouCompleteMe'）。

具体插件配置项是对加载的插件进行配置，如下图为自动补全插件的配置。

加载插件

执行 vim

输入 :PluginInstall

回车，此时可以歇会了，Vundle会按顺序下载配置中的插件

插件下载完成后，可在/etc/vim/bundle下查看到下载的内容。

如因网络原因导致下载失败，可以多执行几次 :PluginInstall。

处理插件

配置自动补全插件YCM

此插件要求vim版本必须高于7.4.1578，ubuntu1804自带vim

之前已在.vimrc中配置了Plugin 'Valloric/YouCompleteMe'，则会自动下载插件，下载位置是/etc/vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe
编译前准备 YouCompleteMe编译需要以下根据的支持： build-essential cmake python-dev python3-dev
代码编译

./install.py --clang-completer；

--clang-completer：表示支持C/C++的支持；

如果是使用系统的libclang-9.so的话，还要增加参数 --system-libclang，这样的话，不用每次执行该命令都要下载库。

4. 配置YCM

cp ~/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe/third_party/ycmd/examples/.ycm_extra_conf.py /etc/vim/

多项目配置问题

上述步骤4以可以完成基本使用，但在实际使用中，存在一个用户拥有多个工程，而每个工程的配置不尽相同的问题。此时可以在每个工程下建立一个.ycm_extra_conf.py文件，每个工程默认读取自己的配置。

因为YCM配置文件的查找顺序是当前目录>上层目录>...>根目录>YCM全局目录，所以这样的操作是没有问题的，但会出现每次打开vim就会提示是否载入YCM配置文件。此时需修改

let g:ycm_confirm_extra_conf = 0

插件效果

木子先生_1

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手把手教你打造一个VIM-IDE

前期准备需要安装git、cscope工具，可通过apt-get 自行安装apt-get install cscope git安装插件管理工具Vundle(必备)gitclonehttps://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim.git /etc/vim/bundle/Vundle.vim 虽然仅占用空间 1.4M，但从github.com 上clone速度会稍慢点，因此不要着急配置插件...
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