在C++ Primer 第五版中有一个小练习要将网站上的头文件源码“拷贝到工作目录中”,首先,似乎并没有那个网站,源码也是百度资源上找的。其次,拷贝到工作目录中,添加头文件有个小细节。
源码如下:
#ifndef SALESITEM_H
#define SALESITEM_H
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
class Sales_item
{
public:
Sales_item(const std::string &book) :isbn(book), units_sold(0), revenue(0.0) {}
Sales_item(std::istream &is) { is >> *this; }
friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream &, Sales_item &);
friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream &, const Sales_item &);
public:
Sales_item & operator+=(const Sales_item&);
public:
double avg_price() const;
bool same_isbn(const Sales_item &rhs)const
{
return isbn == rhs.isbn;
}
Sales_item() :units_sold(0), revenue(0.0) {}
public:
std::string isbn;
unsigned units_sold;
double revenue;
};
using std::istream;
using std::ostream;
Sales_item operator+(const Sales_item &, const Sales_item &);
inline bool operator==(const Sales_item &lhs, const Sales_item &rhs)
{
return lhs.units_sold == rhs.units_sold && lhs.revenue == rhs.revenue && lhs.same_isbn(rhs);
}
inline bool operator!=(const Sales_item &lhs, const Sales_item &rhs)
{
return !(lhs == rhs);
}
inline Sales_item & Sales_item::operator +=(const Sales_item &rhs)
{
units_sold += rhs.units_sold;
revenue += rhs.revenue;
return *this;
}
inline Sales_item operator+(const Sales_item &lhs, const Sales_item &rhs)
{
Sales_item ret(lhs);
ret += rhs;
return ret;
}
inline istream& operator>>(istream &in, Sales_item &s)
{
double price;
in >> s.isbn >> s.units_sold >> price;
if (in)
s.revenue = s.units_sold * price;
else
s = Sales_item();
return in;
}
inline ostream& operator<<(ostream &out, const Sales_item &s)
{
out << s.isbn << "\t" << s.units_sold << "\t" << s.revenue << "\t" << s.avg_price();
return out;
}
inline double Sales_item::avg_price() const
{
if (units_sold)
return revenue / units_sold;
else
return 0;
}
#endif
后续操作:
1.打开VS,新建空项目后,在如图位置右键点击头文件,添加新建项。
2.会跳出如图所示的对话框,注意:选择头文件而不是C++文件。将名字修改为Sales_item.h 不修改也可以,但写头文件代码时就需写成默认名#include"标头.h"
3.将源码复制上去即可。
完成后变可添加源文件写代码了,此时写头文件代码行#include"Sales_item.h"便不会报错
比如1.6的例题书店程序代码如下:
#include<iostream>
#include"Sales_item.h"
using namespace std;
int main()
{
Sales_item total;
if (cin >> total)
{
Sales_item trans;
while (cin >> trans)
{
if (total.isbn == trans.isbn)
total += trans;
else
{
cout << total << endl;
total = trans;
}
}
cout << total << endl;
}
else
{
cerr << "No data?!" << endl;
return-1;
}
system("pause");
}
欢迎交流探讨。
谢谢。