记录一下在编译OpenCV时遇到的问题
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常规的opencv编译网上有很多的教程,遇到问题也好解决。但如果你要使用很多的模块、功能,可能在编译时会遇到一些奇奇怪怪的问题。本人使用的是Manjaro系统,一直都觉得用起来很顺手,前几天更新了一下系统,然后发现opencv不能正常使用了,这似乎是更新nvidia驱动或者cuda版本导致的。所以如该不要轻易更新这些东西呀,很麻烦。重新编译时,我按照之前记录的步骤重新操作,却总是在编译时遇到错误。
1. 首先安装依赖
sudo pacman -S cmake
sudo pacman -S git
sudo pacman -S base-devel
sudo pacman -S gtk2
sudo pacman -S pkg-config
sudo pacman -S python
sudo pacman -S ffmpeg
sudo pacman -S intel-tbb (intel 高性能抽象线程库)
sudo pacman -S libdc1394 (以控制基于ieee1394的摄像机的高级编程接口)
sudo pacman -S jasper (在新兴的JPEG-2000 Part-1标准中指定的编解码器的基于软件的实现)
sudo pacman -S libjpeg-turbo libjpeg6-turbo (带有加速基线压缩和解压缩的JPEG图像编解码器)
sudo pacman -S libtiff (用于操作TIFF图像的库)
下载源码
github上下载opencv和opencv_contrib(版本要一致)将opencv_contrib解压到opencv的文件夹中,重命名为opencv_contrib。然后在opencv根目录中
mkdir build
cd build
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D WITH_VTK=ON -D WITH_TBB=ON -D WITH_V4L=ON -D WITH_QT=ON -D WITH_OPENGL=ON -D WITH_CUDA=ON -D ENABLE_FAST_MATH=1 -D CUDA_FAST_MATH=1 -D CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS="-D_FORCE_INLINES" -D WITH_CUBLAS=1 -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=../opencv_contrib/modules/ -D CUDA_GENERATION=Turing -D OPENCV_ENABLE_NONFREE=True -D CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS="-std=c++11 --expt-relaxed-constexpr" ..
sudo make -j4
这里编译了cuda板块,并且我的显卡是图灵架构的所以添加CUDA_GENERATION=Turing,如果是其他架构的请自行修改,好像不写也行,我是遇到问题才添加了这一项。-D WITH_VTK=ON好像是编译3D可视化模块。
然后就遇到如下问题
/home/alex/opencv-3.4.10/modules/core/src/hal_internal.cpp:165:23: 错误:too few arguments to function ‘void sposv_(const char*, const int*, const int*, float*, const int*, float*, const int*, int*, size_t)’
165 | sposv_(L, &m, &n, (float*)a, &lda, (float*)b, &m, &lapackStatus);
| ~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from /usr/include/lapack.h:11,
from /usr/include/lapacke.h:36,
from /home/alex/opencv-3.4.10/build/opencv_lapack.h:12,
from /home/alex/opencv-3.4.10/modules/core/src/hal_internal.cpp:50:
/usr/include/lapack.h:13002:41: 附注:在此声明
13002 | #define LAPACK_sposv_base LAPACK_GLOBAL(sposv,SPOSV)
| ^~~~~
/usr/include/lapacke_mangling.h:5:34: 附注:in definition of macro ‘LAPACK_GLOBAL’
5 | #define LAPACK_GLOBAL(name,NAME) name##_
| ^~~~
/usr/include/lapack.h:13003:6: 附注:in expansion of macro ‘LAPACK_sposv_base’
13003 | void LAPACK_sposv_base(
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/home/alex/opencv-3.4.10/modules/core/src/hal_internal.cpp:167:23: 错误:too few arguments to function ‘void dposv_(const char*, const int*, const int*, double*, const int*, double*, const int*, int*, size_t)’
167 | dposv_(L, &m, &n, (double*)a, &lda, (double*)b, &m, &lapackStatus);
| ~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from /usr/include/lapack.h:11,
from /usr/include/lapacke.h:36,
from /home/alex/opencv-3.4.10/build/opencv_lapack.h:12,
from /home/alex/opencv-3.4.10/modules/core/src/hal_internal.cpp:50:
/usr/include/lapack.h:12985:41: 附注:在此声明
12985 | #define LAPACK_dposv_base LAPACK_GLOBAL(dposv,DPOSV)
| ^~~~~
/usr/include/lapacke_mangling.h:5:34: 附注:in definition of macro ‘LAPACK_GLOBAL’
5 | #define LAPACK_GLOBAL(name,NAME) name##_
| ^~~~
/usr/include/lapack.h:12986:6: 附注:in expansion of macro ‘LAPACK_dposv_base’
12986 | void LAPACK_dposv_base(
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/home/alex/opencv-3.4.10/modules/core/src/hal_internal.cpp:176:23: 错误:too few arguments to function ‘void sposv_(const char*, const int*, const int*, float*, const int*, float*, const int*, int*, size_t)’
176 | sposv_(L, &m, &n, (float*)a, &lda, (float*)tmpB, &m, &lapackStatus);
| ~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from /usr/include/lapack.h:11,
from /usr/include/lapacke.h:36,
from /home/alex/opencv-3.4.10/build/opencv_lapack.h:12,
from /home/alex/opencv-3.4.10/modules/core/src/hal_internal.cpp:50:
/usr/include/lapack.h:13002:41: 附注:在此声明
13002 | #define LAPACK_sposv_base LAPACK_GLOBAL(sposv,SPOSV)
| ^~~~~
/usr/include/lapacke_mangling.h:5:34: 附注:in definition of macro ‘LAPACK_GLOBAL’
5 | #define LAPACK_GLOBAL(name,NAME) name##_
| ^~~~
/usr/include/lapack.h:13003:6: 附注:in expansion of macro ‘LAPACK_sposv_base’
13003 | void LAPACK_sposv_base(
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/home/alex/opencv-3.4.10/modules/core/src/hal_internal.cpp:178:23: 错误:too few arguments to function ‘void dposv_(const char*, const int*, const int*, double*, const int*, double*, const int*, int*, size_t)’
178 | dposv_(L, &m, &n, (double*)a, &lda, (double*)tmpB, &m, &lapackStatus);
| ~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
错误的地方存在很多处,如该不编译cuda模块则不会出现这个错误,问题好像与lapack.h(lapack是一个和科学计算有关的库)这个头文件有关,opencv里面的代码少了个参数。aur社区里面看到一种解决办法是在cmake时添加如下参数 -DWITH_LAPACK=OFF来禁用这个库,这样cmake的参数为
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D WITH_VTK=ON -D WITH_TBB=ON -D WITH_V4L=ON -D WITH_QT=ON -D WITH_OPENGL=ON -D WITH_CUDA=ON -D ENABLE_FAST_MATH=1 -D CUDA_FAST_MATH=1 -D CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS="-D_FORCE_INLINES" -D WITH_CUBLAS=1 -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=../opencv_contrib/modules/ -D CUDA_GENERATION=Turing -D OPENCV_ENABLE_NONFREE=True -D CUDA_NVCC_FLAGS="-std=c++11 --expt-relaxed-constexpr" -DWITH_LAPACK=OFF ..
这样做确实解决了上述问题,但是相应的性能一定会收到影响。另一种解决办法是在编译出现问题的地方将函数名修改为
sposv_(L, &m, &n, (float*)a, &lda, (float*)b, &m, &lapackStatus); //修改前
LAPACK_sposv(L, &m, &n, (float*)a, &lda, (float*)b, &m, &lapackStatus); //修改后
//去掉函数后面的下划线,前面加LAPACK
问题得到解决,具体原理没有仔细探究。但是在后面又出现了新的问题。
../../lib/libopencv_core.so.3.4.0: undefined reference to `cblas_zgemm'
../../lib/libopencv_core.so.3.4.0: undefined reference to `cblas_sgemm'
../../lib/libopencv_core.so.3.4.0: undefined reference to `cblas_dgemm'
../../lib/libopencv_core.so.3.4.0: undefined reference to `cblas_cgemm'
解决办法:cmake命令中添加 -D CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS=-lcblas 选项。