十六、python rc启动管理脚本（类的定义与脚本结构）

使用python写一个管理memcached启动脚本

命令行启动：memcached -u nobody -p 11211 -c 1024 -m 64
使用方法：
判断目录是否存在：
os.path.exists(’/opt/1.py’)
返回True
创建目录：
os.mkdir(’/opt/test’)
进入这个目录。类似cd :
In [6]: os.chdir(’/opt/test’)
执行shell命令需要加载模块：
In [1]: from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
stdout=PIPE 参数相当于管道
运行shell启动命令：
p =Popen(‘memcached -u nobody -p 11211 -c 1024 -m 64’, shell=True)
显示pid:
In [5]: p.pid
Out[5]: 2256
利用pidof命令获取Pid:
p=Popen([‘pidof’,‘memcached’],stdout=PIPE)
In [7]: p.stdout.read()
Out[7]: ‘2329\n
去掉回车可以：
n [16]: p.stdout.read().strip()
Out[16]: ‘2329’
杀进程：15代表正常杀死，9是强制杀死
In [18]: os.kill(2329,15)
读取配置文件：
f=open(’/etc/sysconfig/memcached’)
In [2]: lines=f.readlines()
In [3]: lines
Out[3]:
[‘PORT=“11211”\n’,
‘USER=“memcached”\n’,
‘MAXCONN=“1024”\n’,
‘CACHESIZE=“64”\n’,
‘OPTIONS=""\n’]
去掉\n，将”t替换为空，按=分割
In [7]: [i.strip().replace(’"’,’’).split(’=’) for i in lines]
Out[7]:
[[‘PORT’, ‘11211’],
[‘USER’, ‘memcached’],
[‘MAXCONN’, ‘1024’],
[‘CACHESIZE’, ‘64’],
[‘OPTIONS’, ‘’]]

rc脚本代码：

[root@server2 rc]# cat rc_mem.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf8
import sys
import os
from subprocess import Popen,PIPE
class process(object):
    '''memcached 启动脚本'''
    args = {'USER': 'memcached',
          ' PORT': '11211',
          'MAXCONN': '1024',
          'CACHESIZE': '64',
          'OPTIONS': "",
           }
    def __init__(self,name,program,workdir):
	self.name = name
	self.program = program
#	self.args = args
	self.workdir = workdir

    def _init(self):
	'''判断pid文件是否有'''
	'''判断是有有文件夹/var/tmp/memcached'''
	if not os.path.exists(self.workdir):
	    #创建和cd到目录
	    os.mkdir(self.workdir)
	    os.chdir(self.workdir)
    def _pidFile(self):
	'''/var/tmp/memcached/memcached.pid'''
	return os.path.join(self.workdir,"%s.pid" % self.name)
    def _withPid(self):
	if self.pid:
	    with open(self._pidFile(),'w') as fd:
		fd.write(str(self.pid))
    def getPid(self):
	p = Popen(['pidof',self.name],stdout=PIPE)
	pid = p.stdout.read().strip()
	return pid
    def _readConf(self,f):
	with open(f) as fd:
	    lines=fd.readlines()
         #将文件中读取到的值保存为字典
        return  dict([i.strip().replace('"','').split('=') for i in lines])
    def _parseArgs(self):
        #将文本里面的值代替默认值
	conf = self._readConf('/etc/sysconfig/memcached')
	if  'USER' in conf:
	    self.args['USER'] = conf['USER']
	if  'PORT' in conf:
	    self.args['PORT'] = conf['PORT']
	if  'MAXCONN' in conf:
	    self.args['MAXCONN'] = conf['MAXCONN']
	if  'CACHESIZE' in conf:
	    self.args['CACHESIZE'] = conf['CACHESIZE']
        options = ['-u',self.args['USER'],
		   '-p',self.args['PORT'],
		   '-m',self.args['CACHESIZE'],
                   '-c',self.args['MAXCONN'],
                  ]
	os.system("chown %s %s" %(self.args['USER'],self.workdir))
	return options


    def start(self):
	pid = self.getPid()
	if pid:
	    print ("%s is running..." % self.name)
	    sys.exit()
        self._init()
	cmd = [self.program]+ self._parseArgs()+['-d','-P',self._pidFile()]
        #执行shell命令
	p=Popen(cmd,stdout=PIPE)
	#self.pid=p.pid
	#self._withPid()
	print ("%s start Sucessful" % self.name)

    def stop(self):
	pid=self.getPid()
	if pid:
	    os.kill(int(pid),15)
	    if os.path.exists(self._pidFile()):
		os.remove(self._pidFile())
	    print ("%s is stopdded" %self.name )
    def restart(self):
	self.stop()
	self.start()

    def status(self):
	pid = self.getPid()
	if pid:
	    print ("%s is alread running..." % self.name)
	else:
	    print ("%s is not running..." % self.name)

    def help(self):
	print ("Usage: %s {start|stop|status|restart}" %__file__)
#定义方法函数
def main():
    name = 'memcached'
    prog = '/usr/bin/memcached'
    #args = '-u nobody -p 11211 -c 1024 -m 64 '
    wd = '/var/tmp/memcached'
    cm = process(name=name,program=prog,workdir=wd)

    try:
	cmd = sys.argv[1]
    except IndexError,e:
	print "Option error"
	sys.exit()
    if cmd == 'start':
	cm.start()
    elif cmd == 'stop':
	cm.stop()
    elif cmd == 'restart':
	cm.stop()
	cm.start()
    elif cmd == 'status':
	cm.status()
    else:
	cm.help()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

测试下运行脚本：

[root@server2 rc]# python rc_mem.py start
memcached start Sucessful
#测试进程是否起来：
[root@server2 rc]# ps aux |grep mem
493      21945  0.0  0.0 330844   980 ?        Ssl  16:41   0:00 /usr/bin/memcached -u memcached -p 11211 -m 64 -c 1024 -d -P /var/tmp/memcached/memcached.pid
root     21952  0.0  0.0 103324   888 pts/0    S+   16:41   0:00 grep mem

[root@server2 rc]# python rc_mem.py restart
memcached is stopdded
memcached start Sucessful
[root@server2 rc]# python rc_mem.py stop
memcached is stopdded
[root@server2 rc]# python rc_mem.py status
memcached is not running...
[root@server2 rc]# python rc_mem.py help
Usage: rc_mem.py {start|stop|status|restart}

其中用到的配置文件：（需要改配置可以直接更改此文件）
[root@localhost opt]# cat /etc/sysconfig/memcached
PORT=“11211”
USER=“memcached”
MAXCONN=“1024”
CACHESIZE=“64”
OPTIONS=""