字典树

class Node(object):
	def __init__(self, value):
		self._children = {}
		self._value = value

	def _add_child(self, char, value, overwirte = False):
		child = self._children.get(char)
		if child is None:
			child = Node(value)
			self._children[char] = child
		elif overwirte:
			child._value = value
		return child

class Trie(Node):
	def __init__(self):
		super().__init__(None)

	def __contain__(self, key):
		return self[key] is not None

	def __getitem__(self, key):
		state = self
		for char in key:
			state = state._children.get(char)
			if state is None:
				return None
		return state._value

	def __setitem__(self, key, value):
		state = self
		for i, char in enumerate(key):
			if i < len(key) - 1:
				state = state._add_child(char, None, False)
			else:
				state = state._add_child(char, value, True)

if __name__ == '__main__':
	trie = Trie()
	trie['自然'] = 'Nature'
	trie['自然人'] = 'human'
	trie['自然语言'] = 'language'
	trie['自然'] = 'talk to me'
	trie['入门'] = 'introduction'

	assert trie['入门'] == 'introduction'