Java多线程——wait和notify的正确使用方法

wait&sleep

• wait释放锁，sleep不释放
• wait是Object的方法，sleep是线程的静态方法
• wait需要和synchronized一起使用
• wait和sleep之后，线程都处于TIME-WAITING状态
• wait的线程处于与当前锁对象相关的waitset中
• wait和sleep被Interrupte都会有InterruptedException

notify

• obj.notify()随机叫醒一个与obj对象锁相关的waitset中的一个线程
• obj.notifyAll()唤醒所有与obj对象锁相关的waitset中的线程

正确使用姿势

package com.leolee.multithreadProgramming.concurrent.waitAndNotify;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

/**
 * @ClassName Test
 * @Description: wait 和 notify测试
 * @Author LeoLee
 * @Date 2020/12/2
 * @Version V1.0
 **/
@Slf4j
public class Test {

    public final static Object obj = new Object();


    public static boolean isCigarette = false;
    public static boolean isFood = false;

    /*
     * 功能描述: <br>
     * 〈wait notify的正确用法〉
     * @Param: []
     * @Return: void
     * @Author: LeoLee
     * @Date: 2020/12/2 16:10
     */
    public void rightWay() throws InterruptedException {

        new Thread(() -> {
            synchronized (obj) {
                log.info("{}开始写代码...", Thread.currentThread().getName());
                while (!isCigarette) {
                    try {
                        log.info("{}没烟写不下去休息去了...", Thread.currentThread().getName());
                        obj.wait();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }

                if (isCigarette) {
                    log.info("{}抽完烟继续写代码...", Thread.currentThread().getName());
                } else {
                    log.info("{}被叫醒之后发现还是没烟心态崩了，回家了...", Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }

            }
        }, "张三").start();

        new Thread(() -> {
            synchronized (obj) {
                log.info("{}开始写代码...", Thread.currentThread().getName());
                while (!isFood) {
                    try {
                        log.info("{}没外卖写不下去休息去了...", Thread.currentThread().getName());
                        obj.wait();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }

                if (isFood) {
                    log.info("{}吃上外卖继续写代码...", Thread.currentThread().getName());
                } else {
                    log.info("{}被叫醒之后发现还是没外卖心态崩了，回家了...", Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }

            }
        }, "李四").start();

        Thread.sleep(2500);

        new Thread(() -> {
            synchronized (obj) {
                log.info("{}来送外卖了...", Thread.currentThread().getName());
                isFood = true;
                obj.notifyAll();
            }
        }, "王五").start();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {

        Test test = new Test();
        test.rightWay();
    }
}

执行结果：
16:18:52.770 [张三] INFO com.leolee.multithreadProgramming.concurrent.waitAndNotify.Test - 张三开始写代码...
16:18:52.789 [张三] INFO com.leolee.multithreadProgramming.concurrent.waitAndNotify.Test - 张三没烟写不下去休息去了...
16:18:52.790 [李四] INFO com.leolee.multithreadProgramming.concurrent.waitAndNotify.Test - 李四开始写代码...
16:18:52.790 [李四] INFO com.leolee.multithreadProgramming.concurrent.waitAndNotify.Test - 李四没外卖写不下去休息去了...
16:18:55.272 [王五] INFO com.leolee.multithreadProgramming.concurrent.waitAndNotify.Test - 王五来送外卖了...
16:18:55.272 [李四] INFO com.leolee.multithreadProgramming.concurrent.waitAndNotify.Test - 李四继续写代码...
16:18:55.272 [张三] INFO com.leolee.multithreadProgramming.concurrent.waitAndNotify.Test - 张三没烟写不下去休息去了...