Ubuntu22环境下编译OpenJDK12源码

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已于 2022-10-05 16:25:05 修改

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分类专栏： JDK源码文章标签： ubuntu linux 服务器 jvm java

于 2022-10-04 15:59:52 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_25825005/article/details/127162939

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Ubuntu22环境下编译OpenJDK12源码

0. 使用环境说明：

宿主机操作系统：Windows 10 专业版

虚拟机软件：VMware® Workstation 16 Pro

虚拟机操作系统：ubuntu-22.04.1-desktop-amd64.iso

虚拟机安装步骤本文就不再说明，下面提一下两个可能会使用到的小技巧：

0.1 宿主机和虚拟机相互复制内容

在虚拟机中执行下面一条命令即可

sudo apt-get install open-vm-tools-desktop

0.2 虚拟机的窗口大小调整

一般在刚安装完虚拟机系统之后，窗口可能会比较小，在安装完open-vm-tools-desktop后，如下图位置会出现**立即适应客户机**选项，点击它即可使客户机窗口自动适应虚拟机窗口大小。

1. 安装JDK11

注意：

Ubuntu 在安装启动之后，默认是不允许 “su” 到 root用户的，如果你是新装的系统，第一次可能需要先重置root密码，才可以登录。

sudo passwd

Jdk里面的代码很多都是用Java语言写的，所有需要N-1版本的JDK作为运行时环境，本文需要JDK11作为JDK12的运行时环境。

sudo apt-get install openjdk-11-jdk

设置Java环境变量：

sudo vim /etc/profile

把下面内容追加到**/etc/profile**文件中

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre  
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib  
export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH

激活**/etc/profile**文件

sudo source /etc/profile

2 获取OpenJdk12的源代码

2.1安装git

如果没有安装git，先安装git

sudo apt install git

2.2 拉取openjdk源码

从github上clone下来openjdk源码，如下：

cd /home/gx/sourcecode
git clone https://github.com/openjdk/jdk
cd jdk
git checkout jdk-12-ga

其他获取源码途径：

openjdk官网：https://hg.openjdk.java.net/jdk/jdk12/，不过这个网站下载时会频繁的中断下载，尝试几次均下载失败。
github：https://github.com/openjdk/jdk，直接直接对应版本的tag即可

3. 安装依赖类库

3.1 切换到root用户

步骤2.2中安装的第三方类库比较多，所以直接切换到root用户操作的，步骤2.2中不做特别说明的时候，默认都是在root用户下面操作的。

su # 切换root用户

3.2 安装gcc和g++

很多地方都是使用以下方式安装构建工具的，

apt-get install -y build-essential

但是上述命令安装的版本(11+)较新，编译的时候会报错，所以要经过下面的步骤安装7+版本：

# ubuntu软件源配置文件
gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
# 向文件中添加如下代码,追加一个软件源
deb [arch=amd64] http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal main universe
# 更新源文件
apt-get update
# 安装 gcc-7 g++-7
apt-get -y install gcc-7 g++-7
# 多版本管理 最后的数字越大，优先级越高 这里维护了7 9 11三个版本 默认是版本7
update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-7 50
update-alternatives  --install /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-7 50

update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-9 10
update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-9 10

update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-11 30
update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-11 30

可以查看当前版本列表

update-alternatives --config gcc

有 3 个候选项可用于替换 gcc (提供 /usr/bin/gcc)。

  选择       路径           优先级  状态
------------------------------------------------------------
* 0            /usr/bin/gcc-7    50        自动模式
  1            /usr/bin/gcc-11   30        手动模式
  2            /usr/bin/gcc-7    50        手动模式
  3            /usr/bin/gcc-9    10        手动模式

其中自动模式就是默认值

3.3 安装其他依赖

apt-get install -y libfreetype6-dev
apt-get install -y libcups2-dev
apt-get install -y libx11-dev libxext-dev libxrender-dev libxrandr-dev libxtst-dev libxt-dev
apt-get install -y libasound2-dev
apt-get install -y libffi-dev
apt-get install -y autoconf
apt-get install -y libfontconfig1-dev

4 编译源代码

安装完所需依赖之后，就可以进行源码编译了。

4.1 执行configure命令

configure命令是用来检查依赖项、参数配置和构建输出目录结构等。

bash configure --enable-debug --with-jvm-variants=server --disable-warnings-as-errors

--enable-debug - 设置编译级别为 fastdebug (这是 --with-debug-level=fastdebug的简写)
--with-debug-level=<level> - 设置编译级别, 可选值有 release, fastdebug, slowdebug ，optimized. 默认值为 release.optimized 是 release 的特定模式，包含额外的Hotspot虚拟机调试参数.
--with-native-debug-symbols=<method> - 确定调试符号信息的编译方式.可选值为 none, internal, external, zipped.
--with-version-string=<string> - 设置编译JDK的版本号.
--with-version-<part>=<value> - <part> 的值可以为pre, opt, build, major, minor, security 或patch. 用于修改默认版本号或者通过--with-version-string设置的版本号的某一部分 .
--with-jvm-variants=<variant>[,<variant>...] - 编译特定模式（V ariants）的HotSpot虚拟机，可以多个模式并存，可选值为 server, client, minimal, core, zero, custom。注意不是所有的模式都可以合并起来使用.
--enable-jvm-feature-<feature> or --disable-jvm-feature-<feature> - 针对–with-jvm-variants=custom时的自定义虚拟机特性列表（Features）。激活或禁用HotSpot虚拟机的某个特性（<feature> ）. 你也可以同时激活一组特性, 特性之间用空格或者逗号分隔, 比如 --with-jvm-features=<feature>[,<feature>...]. 如果特性（<feature> ）加上前缀 -, 则代表禁用该特性. 这些选项将改变虚拟机的默认特性. 对于 custom 模式, 默认特性列表为空. 使用 bash configure --help可以找到完整的特性列表.
--with-target-bits=<bits> -指明要编译32位还是64位的Java虚拟机，在64位机器上也可以通过交叉编译生成32位的虚拟机。

/doc/building.md 原文

--enable-debug - Set the debug level to fastdebug (this is a shorthand for --with-debug-level=fastdebug)
--with-debug-level=<level> - Set the debug level, which can be release, fastdebug, slowdebug or optimized. Default is release. optimized is variant of release with additional Hotspot debug code.
--with-native-debug-symbols=<method> - Specify if and how native debug symbols should be built. Available methods are none, internal, external, zipped. Default behavior depends on platform. See Native Debug Symbols for more details.
--with-version-string=<string> - Specify the version string this build will be identified with.
--with-version-<part>=<value> - A group of options, where <part> can be any of pre, opt, build, major, minor, security or patch. Use these options to modify just the corresponding part of the version string from the default, or the value provided by --with-version-string.
--with-jvm-variants=<variant>[,<variant>...] - Build the specified variant (or variants) of Hotspot. Valid variants are: server, client, minimal, core, zero, custom. Note that not all variants are possible to combine in a single build.
--enable-jvm-feature-<feature> or --disable-jvm-feature-<feature> - Include (or exclude) <feature> as a JVM feature in Hotspot. You can also specify a list of features to be enabled, separated by space or comma, as --with-jvm-features=<feature>[,<feature>...]. If you prefix <feature> with a -, it will be disabled. These options will modify the default list of features for the JVM variant(s) you are building. For the custom JVM variant, the default list is empty. A complete list of valid JVM features can be found using bash configure --help.
--with-target-bits=<bits> - Create a target binary suitable for running on a <bits> platform. Use this to create 32-bit output on a 64-bit build platform, instead of doing a full cross-compile. (This is known as a reduced build.)

如果configure命令执行成功，会看到类似下面的输出内容：

====================================================
A new configuration has been successfully created in
/home/gx/sourcecode/jdk/build/linux-x86_64-server-fastdebug
using configure arguments '--enable-debug --with-jvm-variants=server --disable-warnings-as-errors'.

Configuration summary:
* Debug level:    fastdebug
* HS debug level: fastdebug
* JVM variants:   server
* JVM features:   server: 'aot cds cmsgc compiler1 compiler2 epsilongc g1gc graal jfr jni-check jvmci jvmti management nmt parallelgc serialgc services shenandoahgc vm-structs zgc' 
* OpenJDK target: OS: linux, CPU architecture: x86, address length: 64
* Version string: 12-internal+0-adhoc.gx.jdk (12-internal)

Tools summary:
* Boot JDK:       openjdk version "11.0.16" 2022-07-19 OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.16+8-post-Ubuntu-0ubuntu122.04) OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 11.0.16+8-post-Ubuntu-0ubuntu122.04, mixed mode, sharing)  (at /usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64)
* Toolchain:      gcc (GNU Compiler Collection)
* C Compiler:     Version 7.5.0 (at /usr/bin/gcc)
* C++ Compiler:   Version 7.5.0 (at /usr/bin/g++)

Build performance summary:
* Cores to use:   2
* Memory limit:   3889 MB

如果多次编译，在每次编译前，需要清除之前的编译记录：

make clean && make dist-clean

4.2 执行make命令

输入以下命令开始整个openjdk的编译：

make images

编译成功的结果：

Creating support/modules_cmds/jdk.jstatd/jstatd from 1 file(s)
Creating support/modules_libs/jdk.management/libmanagement_ext.so from 8 file(s)
Creating support/modules_libs/jdk.management.agent/libmanagement_agent.so from 1 file(s)
Creating support/modules_libs/jdk.net/libextnet.so from 1 file(s)
Creating support/modules_libs/jdk.pack/libunpack.so from 7 file(s)
Creating support/modules_cmds/jdk.pack/pack200 from 1 file(s)
Creating support/modules_cmds/jdk.pack/unpack200 from 7 file(s)
Creating support/modules_cmds/jdk.rmic/rmic from 1 file(s)
Creating support/modules_cmds/jdk.scripting.nashorn.shell/jjs from 1 file(s)
Creating support/modules_libs/jdk.sctp/libsctp.so from 3 file(s)
Creating support/modules_libs/jdk.security.auth/libjaas.so from 1 file(s)
Compiling 4 files for BUILD_JIGSAW_TOOLS
Stopping sjavac server
Finished building target 'default (exploded-image)' in configuration 'linux-x86_64-server-fastdebug'

4.3 验证编译结果

通过查看编译后JDK的版本，来验证编译是否成功

./build/linux-x86_64-server-fastdebug/jdk/bin/java --version

如果输出以下内容，则代表编译成功！

openjdk 12-internal 2019-03-19
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (fastdebug build 12-internal+0-adhoc.gx.jdk)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (fastdebug build 12-internal+0-adhoc.gx.jdk, mixed mode)

5. 常见问题

JDK源码的编译过程还是十分复杂的，任何一个环节出现问题都有可能导致最终编译失败。

不光个人操作和环境问题会导致最终编译失败，就连openJdk源码本身也有可能会有问题，所以给整个编译过程带来了巨大的困难！

5.1 gcc 版本问题

在执行configure命令的时候，如果出现以下的警告信息，不要忽略掉，因为不解决这些警告，最后的编译(执行make的时候)会失败的。

The following warnings were produced. Repeated here for convenience:
WARNING: C and C++ compiler have different version numbers, gcc (Ubuntu 11.2.0-19ubuntu1) 11.2.0 Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. vs g++ (Ubuntu 11.2.0-19ubuntu1) 11.2.0 Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE..
WARNING: This typically indicates a broken setup, and is not supported
WARNING: You are using gcc older than 4.8. This is not a supported configuration.
WARNING: C and C++ compiler have different version numbers, gcc (Ubuntu 11.2.0-19ubuntu1) 11.2.0 Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. vs g++ (Ubuntu 11.2.0-19ubuntu1) 11.2.0 Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE..
WARNING: This typically indicates a broken setup, and is not supported

5.1.1 原因

因为gcc版本过高导致，切换到gcc-7就可以解决警告问题。

5.1.2 解决办法

安装gcc-7、g+±7 ，本文一开始就安装了gcc-7、g+±7，就是为了避免出现该问题。

5.2 make 命令版本问题

在执行make命令的时候如果出现下面的错误，很可能就是jdk源码自身的问题。

Building target 'images' in configuration 'linux-x86_64-server-fastdebug'
gmake[3]: *** 没有规则可制作目标“/home/gx/sourcecode/jdk/build/linux-x86_64-server-fastdebug/buildtools/langtools_tools_classes/_the.BUILD_TOOLS_LANGTOOLS.vardeps”，由“/home/gx/sourcecode/jdk/build/linux-x86_64-server-fastdebug/buildtools/langtools_tools_classes/_the.BUILD_TOOLS_LANGTOOLS_batch” 需求。 停止。
gmake[3]: *** 正在等待未完成的任务....
gmake[2]: *** [make/Main.gmk:73：buildtools-langtools] 错误 2
gmake[2]: *** 正在等待未完成的任务....
gmake[3]: *** 没有规则可制作目标“/home/gx/sourcecode/jdk/build/linux-x86_64-server-fastdebug/make-support/vardeps/make/ModuleWrapper.gmk/java.base/ORDERED_CFG_VARIANTS.vardeps”，由“/home/gx/sourcecode/jdk/build/linux-x86_64-server-fastdebug/support/modules_libs/java.base/jvm.cfg” 需求。 停止。
gmake[3]: *** 正在等待未完成的任务....
gmake[2]: *** [make/Main.gmk:162：java.base-copy] 错误 2

ERROR: Build failed for target 'images' in configuration 'linux-x86_64-server-fastdebug' (exit code 2) 

No indication of failed target found.
Hint: Try searching the build log for '] Error'.
Hint: See doc/building.html#troubleshooting for assistance.

make[1]: *** [/home/gx/sourcecode/jdk/make/Init.gmk:310：main] 错误 2
make: *** [/home/gx/sourcecode/jdk/make/Init.gmk:186：images] 错误 2

5.2.1 原因

这个问题是jdk源码对make4.3版本的兼容性问题

这个问题在jdk15修复了：8237879: make 4.3 breaks build

原文地址：https://github.com/openjdk/panama-foreign/commit/af5c725b

5.2.2 解决办法

修改make/common/MakeBase.gmk的代码

修改之前：

# Does the actual work with parameters stripped.
# If the file exists AND the contents is the same as the variable, do nothing
# else print a new file.
# Always returns the name of the file where the value was printed.
# Param 1 - Name of variable
# Param 2 - (optional) name of file to store value in
DependOnVariableHelper = \
    $(strip \
        $(eval -include $(call DependOnVariableFileName, $1, $2)) \
        $(if $(call equals, $(strip $($1)), $(strip $($1_old))),,\
          $(call MakeDir, $(dir $(call DependOnVariableFileName, $1, $2))) \
          $(if $(findstring $(LOG_LEVEL), trace), \
              $(info NewVariable $1: >$(strip $($1))<) \
              $(info OldVariable $1: >$(strip $($1_old))<)) \
          $(call WriteFile, $1_old:=$(call DoubleDollar,$(call EscapeHash,$($1))), \
              $(call DependOnVariableFileName, $1, $2))) \
        $(call DependOnVariableFileName, $1, $2) \
    )

修改之后：

# Does the actual work with parameters stripped.
# If the file exists AND the contents is the same as the variable, do nothing
# else print a new file.
# Always returns the name of the file where the value was printed.
# Param 1 - Name of variable
# Param 2 - (optional) name of file to store value in
DependOnVariableHelper = \
    $(strip \
        $(eval $1_filename := $(call DependOnVariableFileName, $1, $2)) \
        $(if $(wildcard $($1_filename)), $(eval include $($1_filename))) \
        $(if $(call equals, $(strip $($1)), $(strip $($1_old))),,\
          $(call MakeDir, $(dir $($1_filename))) \
          $(if $(findstring $(LOG_LEVEL), trace), \
              $(info NewVariable $1: >$(strip $($1))<) \
              $(info OldVariable $1: >$(strip $($1_old))<)) \
          $(call WriteFile, $1_old:=$(call DoubleDollar,$(call EscapeHash,$($1))), \
              $($1_filename))) \
        $($1_filename) \
    )