循环神经网络---卷积处理序列

# 对于文本分类和时间预测等简单任务，小型的一维卷积神经网络可以替代RNN，而且速度快
    from keras.datasets import imdb
    from keras.preprocessing import sequence

    max_features = 10000  # number of words to consider as features
    max_len = 500  # cut texts after this number of words (among top max_features most common words)

    print('Loading data...')
    (x_train, y_train), (x_test, y_test) = imdb.load_data(num_words=max_features)
    print(len(x_train), 'train sequences')
    print(len(x_test), 'test sequences')

    print('Pad sequences (samples x time)')
    x_train = sequence.pad_sequences(x_train, maxlen=max_len)
    x_test = sequence.pad_sequences(x_test, maxlen=max_len)
    print('x_train shape:', x_train.shape)
    print('x_test shape:', x_test.shape)
    
    
    from keras.models import Sequential
    from keras import layers
    from keras.optimizers import RMSprop

    model = Sequential()
    model.add(layers.Embedding(max_features, 128, input_length=max_len))
    # 一维卷积架构和二维卷积相同，是Conv1D层和MaxPooling1D层的叠加
    # 最后是一个全局池化层或Flatten层，将三维输出转换为二维输出，让你可以添加一个或多个Dense层(可以有激活函数)，用于分类或回归
    model.add(layers.Conv1D(32, 7, activation='relu'))
    # 一维池化，区别于MaxPooling2D
    model.add(layers.MaxPooling1D(5))
    model.add(layers.Conv1D(32, 7, activation='relu'))
    # 二维卷积model.add(layers.Flatten())，将输入“压平”，即把多维的输入一维化
    model.add(layers.GlobalMaxPooling1D())
    model.add(layers.Dense(1))

    model.summary()

    model.compile(optimizer=RMSprop(lr=1e-4),
                  loss='binary_crossentropy',
                  metrics=['acc'])
    history = model.fit(x_train, y_train,
                        epochs=10,
                        batch_size=128,
                        validation_split=0.2)