一、sftp和ftp比较(借鉴:http://www.cnblogs.com/xuliangxing/p/7120130.html):
1.适用场景:
我们平时习惯了使用ftp来上传下载文件,尤其是很多Linux环境下,我们一般都会通过第三方的SSH工具连接到Linux,但是当我们需要传输文件到Linux服务器当中,很多人习惯用ftp来传输,其实Linux默认是不提供ftp的,需要你额外安装FTP服务器。而且ftp服务器端会占用一定的VPS服务器资源。
2.其实笔者更建议使用sftp代替ftp,主要原因:
一、可以不用额外安装任何服务器端程序(我比较中意这个,哈哈~~,很多公司为了安全性Linux没有外网环境,只有SSH的时候,想传输文件是很悲催的问题)。
二、会更省系统资源。
三、SFTP使用加密传输认证信息和传输数据,相对来说会更安全。
四、也不需要单独配置,对新手来说比较简单(开启SSH默认就开启了SFTP)。
3.主要区别:
FTP是一种文件传输协议,一般是为了方便数据共享的。包括一个FTP服务器和多个FTP客户端。FTP客户端通过FTP协议在服务器上下载资源。而SFTP协议是在FTP的基础上对数据进行加密,使得传输的数据相对来说更安全。但是这种安全是以牺牲效率为代价的,也就是说SFTP的传输效率比FTP要低(不过现实使用当中,没有发现多大差别)。个人肤浅的认为就是:一;FTP要安装,SFTP不要安装。二;SFTP更安全,但更安全带来副作用就是的效率比FTP要低些。
二、FtpUtil .java
package com.lmp.utils;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.DefaultHostnameVerifier;
import org.apache.http.conn.util.PublicSuffixMatcher;
import org.apache.http.conn.util.PublicSuffixMatcherLoader;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.HttpMultipartMode;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.StringBody;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.CharsetUtils;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public class FtpUtil {
private RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(15000).setConnectTimeout(15000)
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(15000).build();
// 单例模式
private static FtpUtil instance = null;
private FtpUtil() {
}
public static FtpUtil getInstance() {
if (instance == null) {
instance = new FtpUtil();
}
return instance;
}
/**
* 发送 post请求
*
* @param httpUrl 地址
*/
public String sendHttpPost(String httpUrl) {
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);// 创建httpPost
return sendHttpPost(httpPost);
}
/**
* 发送 post请求
*
* @param httpUrl 地址
* @param params 参数(格式:key1=value1&key2=value2)
*/
public String sendHttpPost(String httpUrl, String params) {
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
try {
StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(params, "UTF-9=8");
stringEntity.setContentType("application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return sendHttpPost(httpPost);
}
/**
* 发送 post请求
*
* @param httpUrl 地址
* @param maps 参数
*/
public String sendHttpPost(String httpUrl, Map<String, String> maps) {
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
// 创建参数队列
List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
for (String key : maps.keySet()) {
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, maps.get(key)));
}
try {
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs, "UTF-8"));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return sendHttpPost(httpPost);
}
/**
* 发送 post请求(带文件)
*
* @param httpUrl 地址
* @param maps 参数
* @param fileLists 附件
*/
public String sendHttpPost(String httpUrl, Map<String, String> maps, List<File> fileLists) {
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
MultipartEntityBuilder meBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
for (String key : maps.keySet()) {
meBuilder.addPart(key, new StringBody(maps.get(key), ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN));
}
for (File file : fileLists) {
FileBody fileBody = new FileBody(file);
meBuilder.addPart("files", fileBody);
}
HttpEntity reqEntity = meBuilder.build();
httpPost.setEntity(reqEntity);
return sendHttpPost(httpPost);
}
/**
* 发送Post请求
*
* @param httpPost
* @return
*/
private String sendHttpPost(HttpPost httpPost) {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
HttpEntity entity = null;
String responseContent = null;
try {
// 创建默认的httpClient实例
httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
// 执行请求
response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
entity = response.getEntity();
responseContent = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (response != null) {
response.close();
}
if (httpClient != null) {
httpClient.close();
}
} catch (Exception e2) {
e2.printStackTrace();
}
}
return responseContent;
}
/**
* 发送 post请求
*
* @param httpUrl 地址
* @param json 参数
*/
public String sendJsonHttpPostString(String httpUrl, String json) {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
String responseInfo = null;
try {
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
ContentType contentType = ContentType.create("application/json", CharsetUtils.get("UTF-8"));
httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(json, contentType));
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
int status = response.ge