sftp和ftp比较和应用

一、sftp和ftp比较(借鉴：http://www.cnblogs.com/xuliangxing/p/7120130.html)：

1.适用场景：

我们平时习惯了使用ftp来上传下载文件，尤其是很多Linux环境下，我们一般都会通过第三方的SSH工具连接到Linux，但是当我们需要传输文件到Linux服务器当中，很多人习惯用ftp来传输，其实Linux默认是不提供ftp的，需要你额外安装FTP服务器。而且ftp服务器端会占用一定的VPS服务器资源。

2.其实笔者更建议使用sftp代替ftp，主要原因：

一、可以不用额外安装任何服务器端程序(我比较中意这个，哈哈~~，很多公司为了安全性Linux没有外网环境，只有SSH的时候，想传输文件是很悲催的问题)。
二、会更省系统资源。
三、SFTP使用加密传输认证信息和传输数据，相对来说会更安全。
四、也不需要单独配置，对新手来说比较简单(开启SSH默认就开启了SFTP)。

3.主要区别：

FTP是一种文件传输协议，一般是为了方便数据共享的。包括一个FTP服务器和多个FTP客户端。FTP客户端通过FTP协议在服务器上下载资源。而SFTP协议是在FTP的基础上对数据进行加密，使得传输的数据相对来说更安全。但是这种安全是以牺牲效率为代价的，也就是说SFTP的传输效率比FTP要低(不过现实使用当中，没有发现多大差别)。个人肤浅的认为就是：一；FTP要安装，SFTP不要安装。二；SFTP更安全，但更安全带来副作用就是的效率比FTP要低些。

二、FtpUtil .java

package com.lmp.utils;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.DefaultHostnameVerifier;
import org.apache.http.conn.util.PublicSuffixMatcher;
import org.apache.http.conn.util.PublicSuffixMatcherLoader;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.HttpMultipartMode;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.StringBody;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.CharsetUtils;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;


public class FtpUtil {
   
    private RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(15000).setConnectTimeout(15000)
            .setConnectionRequestTimeout(15000).build();
    // 单例模式
    private static FtpUtil instance = null;

    private FtpUtil() {
   
    }

    public static FtpUtil getInstance() {
   
        if (instance == null) {
   
            instance = new FtpUtil();
        }
        return instance;
    }

    /**
     * 发送 post请求
     *
     * @param httpUrl 地址
     */
    public String sendHttpPost(String httpUrl) {
   
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);// 创建httpPost
        return sendHttpPost(httpPost);
    }

    /**
     * 发送 post请求
     *
     * @param httpUrl 地址
     * @param params  参数(格式:key1=value1&key2=value2)
     */
    public String sendHttpPost(String httpUrl, String params) {
   
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
        try {
   
            StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(params, "UTF-9=8");
            stringEntity.setContentType("application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
            httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);
        } catch (Exception e) {
   
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return sendHttpPost(httpPost);
    }

    /**
     * 发送 post请求
     *
     * @param httpUrl 地址
     * @param maps    参数
     */
    public String sendHttpPost(String httpUrl, Map<String, String> maps) {
   
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
        // 创建参数队列
        List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
        for (String key : maps.keySet()) {
   
            nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, maps.get(key)));
        }
        try {
   
            httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs, "UTF-8"));
        } catch (Exception e) {
   
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return sendHttpPost(httpPost);
    }

    /**
     * 发送 post请求（带文件）
     *
     * @param httpUrl   地址
     * @param maps      参数
     * @param fileLists 附件
     */
    public String sendHttpPost(String httpUrl, Map<String, String> maps, List<File> fileLists) {
   
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
        MultipartEntityBuilder meBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
        for (String key : maps.keySet()) {
   
            meBuilder.addPart(key, new StringBody(maps.get(key), ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN));
        }
        for (File file : fileLists) {
   
            FileBody fileBody = new FileBody(file);
            meBuilder.addPart("files", fileBody);
        }
        HttpEntity reqEntity = meBuilder.build();
        httpPost.setEntity(reqEntity);
        return sendHttpPost(httpPost);
    }

    /**
     * 发送Post请求
     *
     * @param httpPost
     * @return
     */
    private String sendHttpPost(HttpPost httpPost) {
   
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        HttpEntity entity = null;
        String responseContent = null;
        try {
   
            // 创建默认的httpClient实例
            httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
            httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
            // 执行请求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            entity = response.getEntity();
            responseContent = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
        } catch (Exception e) {
   
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
   
            try {
   
                if (response != null) {
   
                    response.close();
                }
                if (httpClient != null) {
   
                    httpClient.close();
                }
            } catch (Exception e2) {
   
                e2.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return responseContent;
    }

    /**
     * 发送 post请求
     *
     * @param httpUrl 地址
     * @param json    参数
     */
    public String sendJsonHttpPostString(String httpUrl, String json) {
   

        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        String responseInfo = null;
        try {
   
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
            httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
            ContentType contentType = ContentType.create("application/json", CharsetUtils.get("UTF-8"));
            httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(json, contentType));
            CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
            HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
            int status = response.ge