Qt之Raster Window Example

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-29 17:01:27 发布

南山cyd

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-29 17:01:27 发布

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分类专栏： Qt 文章标签： qt

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_25924195/article/details/119085725

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文章目录

Application Entry Point
RasterWindow Declaration
RasterWindow Implementation`
Rendering Asynchronously
运行效果
源代码

Application Entry Point

  int main(int argc, char **argv)
  {
      QGuiApplication app(argc, argv);

      RasterWindow window;
      window.show();

      return app.exec();
  }

Note: 示例里是QGuiApplication，我创建工程时默认为QApplication，不用更改，后面的也可以正常使用。

基于QWindow的应用程序的入口是QGuiApplication类。它管理GUI应用程序的控制流和主要设置。我们向其传递可用于选择某些系统范围的选项命令行参数。

从那里，我们继续创建我们的窗口实例，然后调用QWindow::show()函数来显示窗口。

完成之后，我们进入应用程序的事件循环，以便应用程序可以运行。

RasterWindow Declaration


  #include <QtGui>

  class RasterWindow : public QWindow
  {
      Q_OBJECT
  public:
      explicit RasterWindow(QWindow *parent = 0);

      virtual void render(QPainter *painter);

  public slots:
      void renderLater();
      void renderNow();

  protected:
      bool event(QEvent *event) Q_DECL_OVERRIDE;

      void resizeEvent(QResizeEvent *event) Q_DECL_OVERRIDE;
      void exposeEvent(QExposeEvent *event) Q_DECL_OVERRIDE;

  private:
      QBackingStore *m_backingStore;
      bool m_update_pending;
  };

我们首先包含头文件。这意味着我们可以使用Qt GUI模块中的所有类。如果需要的话，也可以单独添加相关类.

RasterWindow类直接子类化了QWindow，并提供了一个构造函数，允许该窗口成为另一个QWindow的子窗口。没有父级的QWindows在窗口系统中显示为顶级窗口。

这个类声明了一个QBackingStore，我们用它来管理基于QPainter的图形的窗口后台缓冲区。

栅格窗口在其他一些示例中也被重用，并添加了一些助手函数，如renderLater()。

RasterWindow Implementation`

  void RasterWindow::renderLater()
  {
      if (!m_update_pending) {
          m_update_pending = true;
          QCoreApplication::postEvent(this, new QEvent(QEvent::UpdateRequest));
      }
  }

我们检查了几个需要立即重新油漆窗户的地方。在某些情况下，这样做是不可取的，而是让应用程序稍后返回事件循环。我们通过向自己发送偶数来实现这一点，然后当应用程序返回到QGuiApplication事件循环时，将发送偶数。为了避免在一个已经挂起的请求时发布新的请求，我们将这个状态存储在m_update_pending变量中。

  void RasterWindow::exposeEvent(QExposeEvent *)
  {
      if (isExposed()) {
          renderNow();
      }
  }

在一个已创建的窗口上调用QWindow::show()后不久，虚函数QWindow::exposeEvent()将被调用，以通知我们窗口系统中的窗口显示发生了变化。事件包含显示的子区域，但由于我们每次都将绘制整个窗口，所以我们没有使用它。

函数QWindow::isExposed()将告诉我们窗口是否正在显示。当窗口在窗口系统中变得模糊时，我们也需要调用exposeEvent。如果窗口正在显示，我们调用renderNow()来立即绘制窗口。我们想要立即绘制，这样我们就可以用一些视觉内容来呈现系统。

  void RasterWindow::resizeEvent(QResizeEvent *resizeEvent)
  {
      m_backingStore->resize(resizeEvent->size());
      if (isExposed())
          renderNow();
  }

resize事件保证会在窗口显示在屏幕上之前被调用，也会在窗口在屏幕上调整大小时被调用。我们使用它来调整后台缓冲区的大小，并在我们可见的情况下调用renderNow()来立即更新屏幕上窗口的视觉表示。

  void RasterWindow::renderNow()
  {
      if (!isExposed())
          return;

      QRect rect(0, 0, width(), height());
      m_backingStore->beginPaint(rect);

      QPaintDevice *device = m_backingStore->paintDevice();
      QPainter painter(device);

      painter.fillRect(0, 0, width(), height(), Qt::white);
      render(&painter);

      m_backingStore->endPaint();
      m_backingStore->flush(rect);
  }

renderNow函数设置QWindow使用QPainter渲染其内容所需要的内容。由于被遮挡的窗口将不可见，如果窗口在窗口系统中没有显示，我们将中止该窗口。例如，当另一个窗口完全遮蔽了该窗口时，可能会发生这种情况。

我们通过在我们想要绘制的区域上调用QBackingStore::beginPaint()来开始绘制。然后我们获取后台缓冲区的QPaintDevice，并创建一个QPainter来渲染到该油漆设备。

为了消除先前渲染留下的痕迹，并以一个干净的缓冲区开始，我们用白色填充整个缓冲区。然后我们调用virtual render()函数来绘制这个窗口。

绘制完成后，调用endPaint()表示绘制完成，并使用QBackingStore::flush()在后缓冲区中显示内容。

  void RasterWindow::render(QPainter *painter)
  {
      painter->drawText(QRectF(0, 0, width(),   height()), Qt::AlignCenter, QStringLiteral("QWindow"));
  }
render函数包含窗口的绘图代码。在这个最小的例子中，我们只在中心绘制了字符串“QWindow”。

Rendering Asynchronously

  void RasterWindow::renderLater()
  {
      if (!m_update_pending) {
          m_update_pending = true;
          QCoreApplication::postEvent(this, new QEvent(QEvent::UpdateRequest));
      }
  }

我们检查了几个需要立即重新油漆窗口的地方。在某些情况下，这样做是不可取的，而是让应用程序稍后返回事件循环。我们通过向自己发送偶数来实现这一点，然后当应用程序返回到QGuiApplication事件循环时，将发送偶数。为了避免在一个已经挂起的请求时发布新的请求，我们将这个状态存储在m_update_pending变量中。

  bool RasterWindow::event(QEvent *event)
  {
      if (event->type() == QEvent::UpdateRequest) {
          m_update_pending = false;
          renderNow();
          return true;
      }
      return QWindow::event(event);
  }

我们重新实现虚拟QObject::event()函数来处理我们提交给自己的更新事件。当事件发生时，我们重置了挂起的更新标志，并调用renderNow()来立即呈现窗口。

运行效果

在这里插入图片描述

源代码

main.cpp

  /****************************************************************************
  **
  ** Copyright (C) 2015 The Qt Company Ltd.
  ** Contact: http://www.qt.io/licensing/
  **
  ** This file is part of the examples of the Qt Toolkit.
  **
  ** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:BSD$
  ** You may use this file under the terms of the BSD license as follows:
  **
  ** "Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  ** modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
  ** met:
  **   * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  **     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  **   * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  **     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
  **     the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
  **     distribution.
  **   * Neither the name of The Qt Company Ltd nor the names of its
  **     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
  **     from this software without specific prior written permission.
  **
  **
  ** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
  ** "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
  ** LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
  ** A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
  ** OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
  ** SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
  ** LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  ** DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  ** THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  ** (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
  ** OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE."
  **
  ** $QT_END_LICENSE$
  **
  ****************************************************************************/

  #include "rasterwindow.h"

  int main(int argc, char **argv)
  {
      QGuiApplication app(argc, argv);

      RasterWindow window;
      window.show();

      return app.exec();
  }

rasterwindow.h

/****************************************************************************
  **
  ** Copyright (C) 2015 The Qt Company Ltd.
  ** Contact: http://www.qt.io/licensing/
  **
  ** This file is part of the examples of the Qt Toolkit.
  **
  ** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:BSD$
  ** You may use this file under the terms of the BSD license as follows:
  **
  ** "Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  ** modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
  ** met:
  **   * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  **     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  **   * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  **     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
  **     the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
  **     distribution.
  **   * Neither the name of The Qt Company Ltd nor the names of its
  **     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
  **     from this software without specific prior written permission.
  **
  **
  ** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
  ** "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
  ** LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
  ** A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
  ** OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
  ** SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
  ** LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  ** DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  ** THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  ** (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
  ** OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE."
  **
  ** $QT_END_LICENSE$
  **
  ****************************************************************************/

  #ifndef RASTERWINDOW_H
  #define RASTERWINDOW_H

  #include <QtGui>

  class RasterWindow : public QWindow
  {
      Q_OBJECT
  public:
      explicit RasterWindow(QWindow *parent = 0);

      virtual void render(QPainter *painter);

  public slots:
      void renderLater();
      void renderNow();

  protected:
      bool event(QEvent *event) Q_DECL_OVERRIDE;

      void resizeEvent(QResizeEvent *event) Q_DECL_OVERRIDE;
      void exposeEvent(QExposeEvent *event) Q_DECL_OVERRIDE;

  private:
      QBackingStore *m_backingStore;
      bool m_update_pending;
  };
  #endif // RASTERWINDOW_H

rasterwindow.cpp


  /****************************************************************************
  **
  ** Copyright (C) 2015 The Qt Company Ltd.
  ** Contact: http://www.qt.io/licensing/
  **
  ** This file is part of the examples of the Qt Toolkit.
  **
  ** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:BSD$
  ** You may use this file under the terms of the BSD license as follows:
  **
  ** "Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  ** modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
  ** met:
  **   * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  **     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  **   * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  **     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
  **     the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
  **     distribution.
  **   * Neither the name of The Qt Company Ltd nor the names of its
  **     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
  **     from this software without specific prior written permission.
  **
  **
  ** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
  ** "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
  ** LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
  ** A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
  ** OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
  ** SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
  ** LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
  ** DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
  ** THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
  ** (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
  ** OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE."
  **
  ** $QT_END_LICENSE$
  **
  ****************************************************************************/

  #include "rasterwindow.h"

  RasterWindow::RasterWindow(QWindow *parent)
      : QWindow(parent)
      , m_update_pending(false)
  {
      m_backingStore = new QBackingStore(this);
      create();

      setGeometry(100, 100, 300, 200);

  }

  bool RasterWindow::event(QEvent *event)
  {
      if (event->type() == QEvent::UpdateRequest) {
          m_update_pending = false;
          renderNow();
          return true;
      }
      return QWindow::event(event);
  }

  void RasterWindow::renderLater()
  {
      if (!m_update_pending) {
          m_update_pending = true;
          QCoreApplication::postEvent(this, new QEvent(QEvent::UpdateRequest));
      }
  }

  void RasterWindow::resizeEvent(QResizeEvent *resizeEvent)
  {
      m_backingStore->resize(resizeEvent->size());
      if (isExposed())
          renderNow();
  }

  void RasterWindow::exposeEvent(QExposeEvent *)
  {
      if (isExposed()) {
          renderNow();
      }
  }

  void RasterWindow::renderNow()
  {
      if (!isExposed())
          return;

      QRect rect(0, 0, width(), height());
      m_backingStore->beginPaint(rect);

      QPaintDevice *device = m_backingStore->paintDevice();
      QPainter painter(device);

      painter.fillRect(0, 0, width(), height(), Qt::white);
      render(&painter);

      m_backingStore->endPaint();
      m_backingStore->flush(rect);
  }

  void RasterWindow::render(QPainter *painter)
  {
      painter->drawText(QRectF(0, 0, width(), height()), Qt::AlignCenter, QStringLiteral("QWindow"));
  }

rasterwindow.pro (此文件可不用理会，正常创建项目就可，不用更改此文件）

  include(rasterwindow.pri)

  SOURCES += \
      main.cpp

  target.path = $$[QT_INSTALL_EXAMPLES]/gui/rasterwindow
  INSTALLS += target

南山cyd

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Qt之Raster Window Example

文章目录Application Entry PointRasterWindow DeclarationRasterWindow Implementation`Rendering Asynchronously运行效果源代码Application Entry Point int main(int argc, char **argv) { QGuiApplication app(argc, argv); RasterWindow window; window.sho
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