该容器基于http1.1,为了简单起见,没有实现对长连接的支持,这里只是为了了解web容器的原理。
主要承担的角色有WebServer,Response和Request类,基于TCP的Socket实现的Web容器。
实现思路:
1、构造WebServer主程,创建TcpSocket监听
2、获取到Socket的InputStream和OutputStream分别构造Request和Response
3、获取Http报文,根据请求路径,从web.xml中看是否能够匹配到servlet,如果匹配不到,就从根路径下,找有没有这个文件,如果有则通过outPutStream输出,否则输出404。
WebServer的实现
基于TCP的Socket实现。
值得注意的是,读取到配置文件之后,应该用反射来生成对象,然后调用对象的doGet或者doPost()
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* 实现一个Web服务器,Http协议是基于Tcp连接的
* 这里使用Tcp的Socket,并实现200和404
* 实现多个客户与webserver通信
* @author Lenovo
*
*/
public class WebServer {
private static boolean started = true;
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Thread(new Controller()).start();
}
private static class Server implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
ServerSocket server = null;
try {
server = new ServerSocket(8080,3,InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"));
while(!Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()){
Socket s = server.accept();
System.out.println("有客户连接");
Client c = new Client(s);
new Thread(c).start();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try{
if(server != null){
server.close();
System.out.println("服务器已关闭");
}
}catch(IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
private static class Client implements Runnable{
private Socket s;
private Response response;
private Request request;
public Client(Socket s){
this.s = s;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
request = new Request(s.getInputStream());
String filename = request.parse();
//这里应该判断filename的类型,应该先去web.xml中找看看有没有配置servlet
//如果配置了servlet,就应该调用servlet中的dopost或者doGet方法
//如果没有配置,就再项目下找有没有这个文件,如果有,就通过流发出去
String servletName = XMLManager.getClassURL(filename);
if(servletName == null){
response = new Response(s.getOutputStream(),filename);
response.response();
}else{
response = new Response(s.getOutputStream());
response.sendHeader();
//反射调用方法
try {
Class clazz = Class.forName(servletName);
Method m = clazz.getMethod("doGet",Request.class,Response.class);
m.invoke(clazz.newInstance(), request,response);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException | NoSuchMethodException | SecurityException | IllegalAccessException | IllegalArgumentException | InvocationTargetException | InstantiationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
//通信完成 应该关闭连接,如果是http1.1设置了保活连接,那么关闭连接的方式应该用一个线程来实现
//为了简单起见,这里不开启keep-alive
try{
s.close();
}catch(IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/*
* 用来控制webserver
*/
private static class Controller implements Runnable{
Thread t = null;
@Override
public void run() {
while(true){
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
String command = scan.nextLine();
if("shutdown".equals(command)){
t.interrupt();
}else if("start".equals(command)){
Server s = new Server();
t = new Thread(s);
t.start();
}
}
};
}
}
Response
主要用来响应报文
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
public class Response {
private OutputStream os = null;
private String filename = null; //request请求路径
public Response(OutputStream os){
this.os = os;
}
public Response(OutputStream os,String filename){
this.os = os;
this.filename = filename;
}
/**
* 获取打印流
* @return
*/
public PrintWriter getWriter(){
PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(os);
return writer;
}
/**
* 获取输出流
* @return
*/
public OutputStream getOutputStream(){
return this.os;
}
public void sendHeader() throws IOException{
String header = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK \r\n" +
"Content-Type: text/html\r\n" +
"\r\n";
os.write(header.getBytes());
os.flush();
}
/**
* 只有在响应html的时候使用
* @throws IOException
*/
public void response() throws IOException{
//获取当前根目录
String path = System.getProperty("user.dir");
if(path != null && filename != null){
File file = new File(path,filename);
if(file.exists()){
FileInputStream ifs = new FileInputStream(file);
String header = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK \r\n" +
"Content-Type: text/html\r\n" +
"\r\n";
//这里还应该加一个Connection字段,基于Http1.1标准,可以实现keep-alive连接
os.write(header.getBytes());
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = ifs.read(buffer,0,1024);
while(len != -1){
os.write(buffer,0,len);
len = ifs.read(buffer, 0, 1024);
}
os.flush();
ifs.close();
}else{
String msg = "HTTP/1.1 404 File Not Found \r\n" +
"Content-Type: text/html\r\n" +
"Content-Length: 100\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"<h1>404 File Not a Found!</h1>";
os.write(msg.getBytes());
os.flush();
}
}
}
}
Request
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
public class Request {
private InputStream is = null;
public Request(InputStream is){
this.is = is;
}
public InputStream getInputStream(){
return this.is;
}
/**
* 解析Http报文
* @throws IOException
*/
public String parse() throws IOException{
byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];
int i = 0;
i = is.read(buffer);
String content = new String(buffer);
return getFilename(content);
}
private String getFilename(String content){
int a,b;
a = content.indexOf(' ');
if(a != -1){
b = content.indexOf('?',a+1);
if(b == -1) b = content.indexOf(' ',a+1);
return content.substring(a+2,b);
}
return null;
}
}
读取配置类
这里使用的是Dom4J读取xml配置
如何使用dom4j
先来看看XML的内容
为了方便起见,没有使用原本的servlet的配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0">
<servlet url="/servlet" class="MyServlet"></servlet>
</web-app>
import java.io.File;
import java.util.Iterator;
import org.dom4j.Attribute;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
public class XMLManager {
public static String getClassURL(String url){
File file = new File(XMLManager.class.getClassLoader().getResource("web.xml").getPath());
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
try {
Document document = reader.read(file);
Element root = document.getRootElement();
for(Iterator<Element> it = root.elementIterator();it.hasNext();){
Element element = it.next();
if("servlet".equals(element.getName())){
Attribute attrUrl = element.attribute("url");
Attribute attrClass = element.attribute("class");
if(attrUrl != null && attrUrl.getText().equals("/" + url)){
return attrClass.getText();
}
}
}
} catch (DocumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
Servlet
这里定义了Servlet接口作为Servlet的标准
import java.io.IOException;
public interface HttpServlet {
public void doPost(Request request,Response response) throws IOException;
public void doGet(Request request,Response response) throws IOException;
public void init();
}
Servlet的实现
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
public class MyServlet implements HttpServlet{
@Override
public void doPost(Request request, Response response) throws IOException {
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.print("<h1>hello word</h1>");
out.flush();
out.close();
}
@Override
public void doGet(Request request, Response response) throws IOException {
doPost(request, response);
}
@Override
public void init() {
}
}
测试
启动WebServer之后,输入start启动服务
浏览器输入 http://localhost:8080/index.html (这个html需要自己写)
或者输入 http://localhost:8080/servlet