设计模式-享元模式

UML类图

使用场景

1、系统中有大量对象。 2、这些对象消耗大量内存。 3、这些对象的状态大部分可以外部化。 4、这些对象可以按照内蕴状态分为很多组，当把外蕴对象从对象中剔除出来时，每一组对象都可以用一个对象来代替。 5、系统不依赖于这些对象身份，这些对象是不可分辨的。
如：池技术。String常量池，缓冲池，连接池，线程池等等。

代码实现

享元模式将共有的内部属性抽象出来，将不同的属性设置成外部属性。

抽象的公有方法

public abstract class Flyweight {
	public abstract void operation(int extrinsicstate);
}

public class ConcreteFlyweight extends Flyweight {
	private String intrinsicState;	//内部状态
	public void setIntrinsicState(String intrinsicState){
		this.intrinsicState = intrinsicState;
	}
	@Override
	public void operation(int extrinsicstate) {
		System.out.println("内部状态：" + intrinsicState + ",外部状态：" + extrinsicstate);
	}
}

public class UnsharedConcreteFlyweight extends Flyweight {
	private String intrinsicState;	//内部状态
	public void setIntrinsicState(String intrinsicState){
		this.intrinsicState = intrinsicState;
	}
	@Override
	public void operation(int extrinsicstate) {
		System.out.println("不共享内部状态:" + intrinsicState + "，外部状态：" + extrinsicstate);
	}
}

import java.util.Hashtable;
public class FlyweightFactory {
	private Hashtable<String, Flyweight> flyweights = new Hashtable<String, Flyweight>();
	public Flyweight getFlyweight(String key){
		if(flyweights.contains(key)){
			return flyweights.get(key);
		}else{
			ConcreteFlyweight flyweight = new ConcreteFlyweight();
			flyweight.setIntrinsicState(key);
			flyweights.put(key, flyweight);
			return flyweight;
		}
	}
}

public class Client {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		int state = 100;
		FlyweightFactory factory = new FlyweightFactory();
		Flyweight flyweight = factory.getFlyweight("常量对象");
		
		UnsharedConcreteFlyweight unsharedFlyweight = new UnsharedConcreteFlyweight();
		unsharedFlyweight.setIntrinsicState("不共享对象");
		
		flyweight.operation(state);
		unsharedFlyweight.operation(state);
	}
}

输出结果：
内部状态：常量对象,外部状态：100
不共享内部状态:不共享对象，外部状态：100