Spring Boot 对接物联网通常涉及以下几个步骤:
- 设备管理:提供接口来注册、认证和管理物联网设备。
- 数据交换:通过 MQTT 或其他协议接收和发送设备数据。
- 设备控制:提供接口来控制物联网设备。
以下是一个简单的例子,使用 Spring Boot 和 MQTT 对接物联网设备:
1、添加依赖到 pom.xml:
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-integration-mqtt</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2、配置 application.properties 或 application.yml:
spring:
mqtt:
username: your_mqtt_username
password: your_mqtt_password
url: tcp://your_mqtt_broker:1883
3、创建配置类:
@Configuration
public class MqttConfig {
@Value("${spring.mqtt.username}")
private String username;
@Value("${spring.mqtt.password}")
private String password;
@Value("${spring.mqtt.url}")
private String hostUrl;
@Bean
public MqttPahoClientFactory mqttClientFactory() {
DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory factory = new DefaultMqttPahoClientFactory();
MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();
options.setUserName(username);
options.setPassword(password.toCharArray());
factory.setConnectionOptions(options);
return factory;
}
@Bean
public MessageChannel mqttInputChannel() {
return new DirectChannel();
}
@Bean
public MessageProducer inbound() {
MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter adapter =
new MqttPahoMessageDrivenChannelAdapter("consumerId", mqttClientFactory(), "topic/filter/+");
adapter.setCompletionTimeout(5000);
adapter.setQos(2);
adapter.setOutputChannel(mqttInputChannel());
return adapter;
}
@Bean
@ServiceActivator(inputChannel = "mqttInputChannel")
public MessageHandler handler() {
return message -> {
// 处理接收到的消息
String payload = new String(message.getPayload().toString().getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "UTF-8");
System.out.println(payload);
};
}
}
4、创建一个 REST Controller 来接收设备注册、数据上报等请求:
@RestController
public class IoTController {
@Autowired
private MqttMessagingTemplate mqttMessagingTemplate;
@PostMapping("/register")
public ResponseEntity<?> registerDevice(@RequestBody DeviceRegistration deviceRegistration) {
// 注册设备逻辑
return ResponseEntity.ok().build();
}
@PostMapping("/data")
public ResponseEntity<?> sendData(@RequestBody DeviceData deviceData) {
// 发送数据到物联网设备
mqttMessagingTemplate.convertAndSend("topic/data", deviceData.getPayload());
return ResponseEntity.ok().build();
}
// 内部类 DeviceRegistration, DeviceData 等根据实际需求定义
}
这个简单的例子展示了如何使用 Spring Boot 和 Spring Integration 来接收和发送 MQTT 消息。