Shell之流程控制

注：此博客使用的是Bash shell

if语句

• if

if condition
then
    command1 
    command2
    ...
    commandN 
fi

• if else

if condition
then
    command1 
    command2
    ...
    commandN
else
    command
fi

• if else-if else

if condition1
then
    command1
elif condition2 
then 
    command2
else
    commandN
fi

for循环

• ①

for var in vaule1 value2 ... valueN
do
	command
done

• ②注意分号，for()里面用变量的时候，无需加$。但是，command里面用变量需要添加 $。

for((i=1;i<10;i++));do
	conmmand;
done;

while

temp=${1}

while [ ${temp} -gt 1 ]
do
        temp=`expr ${temp} - 1 `
        echo "${temp}"
done

无限循环

• ①

while :
do
	command
done

• ②

while true
do
	command
done

until循环

• until 循环执行一系列命令直至条件为 true 时停止
• until 循环与 while 循环在处理方式上刚好相反
• 一般 while 循环优于 until 循环，但在某些时候—也只是极少数情况下，until 循环更加有用

#!/bin//bash
temp=${1}
until [ ${temp} -le 10 ]
do
        temp=`expr ${temp} - 1 `
        echo "${temp}"
done

cjs@Queue:~$ ./obj.sh 20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10

case

• 类似C里面的switch

#!/bin/bash
read temp
case ${temp} in
	1) echo "1"
	;;
	2) echo "2"
	;;
	*) echo "无"
	;;
esac

跳出循环

1. break命令(同C语言)

#!/bin/bash
while true
do
        echo "please input num"
        read temp
        case ${temp} in
                1|2|3|4|5) echo "cout ${temp}"
                ;;
                *) echo "this is great than 5"
                        break   #可以直接跳出while
                ;;
        esac
done

cjs@Queue:~$ ./obj.sh
please input num
1
cout 1
please input num
2
cout 2
please input num
3
cout 3
please input num
4
cout 4
please input num
5
cout 5
please input num
6
this is great than 5

2. continue(同C语言)

#!/bin/bash
while true
do
        echo "please input num"
        read temp
        case ${temp} in
                1|2|3|4|5) echo "cout ${temp}"
                ;;
                *) echo "this is great than 5"
                        continue   #直接结束本次循环，开始下一次循环
                        echo "over"   #永远也无法运行到这句
                ;;
        esac
done