微信公众号获取access_token

  上一版需求做了微信公众号开发，秀了一波操作，也遇到了很多坑。现在把微信公众号一些基本的操作记录一下。

微信公众号获取access_token  官方文档地址

  access_token是公众号的全局唯一接口调用凭据，我们和微信服务器进行交互，服务器通过access_token判断我们是谁(哪个公众号服务的请求)。所以 我们在开发过程中服务端拿到的access_token是一定不能显式暴露给外部，否则将导致数据安全问题。别人拿到你的accessToken操作你的公众号。access_token的有效期目前为2个小时，过期需要再次获取。

  下面是一种获取access_token方式

   1.项目添加httpclient相关依赖，示例使用httpclient请求微信服务器，获取微信返回结果。

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpclient -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
      <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
      <version>4.5.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpcore -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
      <artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
      <version>4.4.6</version>
    </dependency>

  2.httpClientUtil类，网上随手找的 试了一下本例的doget方法 没有问题，其他的 暂不考虑

public class HttpClientUtil {
 
    public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> param) {
 
        // 创建Httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
 
        String resultString = "";
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            // 创建uri
            URIBuilder builder = new URIBuilder(url);
            if (param != null) {
                for (String key : param.keySet()) {
                    builder.addParameter(key, param.get(key));
                }
            }
            URI uri = builder.build();
 
            // 创建http GET请求
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);
 
            // 执行请求
            response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
            // 判断返回状态是否为200
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
                resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (response != null) {
                    response.close();
                }
                httpclient.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return resultString;
    }
 
    public static String doGet(String url) {
        return doGet(url, null);
    }
 
    public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> param) {
        // 创建Httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        String resultString = "";
        try {
            // 创建Http Post请求
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
            // 创建参数列表
            if (param != null) {
                List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList<>();
                for (String key : param.keySet()) {
                    paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, param.get(key)));
                }
                // 模拟表单
                UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList,"utf-8");
                httpPost.setEntity(entity);
            }
            // 执行http请求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                response.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
 
        return resultString;
    }
 
    public static String doPost(String url) {
        return doPost(url, null);
    }
 
    public static String doPostJson(String url, String json) {
        // 创建Httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        String resultString = "";
        try {
            // 创建Http Post请求
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
            // 创建请求内容
            StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(json, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON);
            httpPost.setEntity(entity);
            // 执行http请求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                response.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
 
        return resultString;
    }
}

3.第三步就是简单的测试代码了

public class WeChatAccessTokenTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>();
        // TODO: 2018/11/16  *号改成真实appid
        params.put("appid", "******");
        // TODO: 2018/11/16  *号改成真实secret
        params.put("secret", "******");
        params.put("grant_type", "client_credential");
        String response = HttpClientUtil.doGet("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token", params);
        JSONObject accessTokenObject = JSONObject.parseObject(response);
        String accessToken = accessTokenObject.getString("access_token");

        Long expire = accessTokenObject.getLong("expires_in");
        System.out.println(accessToken);
    }
}

以上就是微信公众号基础却比较重要的获取access_token操作了！