Hadoop上路_07-使用Java操作HDFS

1.HDFS操作-查:

1)遍历HDFS文件,基于hadoop-0.20.2:

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package cn.cvu.hdfs;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileStatus;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
public class Query {
private static FileSystem hdfs;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 1.创建配置器
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
// 2.创建文件系统
hdfs = FileSystem.get(conf);
// 3.遍历HDFS上的文件和目录
FileStatus[] fs = hdfs.listStatus( new Path( "/home" ));
if (fs.length > 0 ) {
for (FileStatus f : fs) {
showDir(f);
}
}
}
private static void showDir(FileStatus fs) throws Exception {
Path path = fs.getPath();
System.out.println(path);
   // 如果是目录
if (fs.isDir()) {
FileStatus[] f = hdfs.listStatus(path);
if (f.length > 0 ) {
for (FileStatus file : f) {
showDir(file);
}
}
}
}
}


错误1
类包找不到

解决:
因为这是个JavaProject,即使在window->preferences->HadoopMap/Reduce中配置了hadoop解压目录也不能自动导入jar包。
须要手动引入以下jar包,BuildPathAddtoBuildPath
hadoop-core-1.1.2.jar
commons-lang-2.4.jar
jackson-core-asl-1.8.8.jar
jackson-mapper-asl-1.8.8.jar
commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
commons-configuration-1.6.jar

2)RunonHadoop:

错误2
此时实际搜索的是Ubuntu的目录。并且层级目录中可能含有特殊字符导致URI错误

解决:
上面的代码是基于hadoop-0.20.2写的,不再适用于hadoop-1.1.2。改。

3)遍历HDFS文件,基于Hadoop-1.1.2一:

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package cn.cvu.hdfs;
//导包略
public class Query {
private static FileSystem hdfs;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 1.创建配置器
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
// 2.创建文件系统(指定为HDFS文件系统到URI)
hdfs = FileSystem.get(URI.create( "hdfs://localhost:9000/" ), conf);
// 3.遍历HDFS上的文件和目录
FileStatus[] fs = hdfs.listStatus( new Path( "/home" ));
if (fs.length> 0 ){
for (FileStatus f : fs) {
showDir(f);
}
}
}
private static void showDir(FileStatus fs) throws Exception {
//递归略
}
}

4)遍历HDFS文件,基于Hadoop-1.1.2二:

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public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 1.创建配置器
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
   // 2.加载指定的配置文件
conf.addResource( new Path( "/home/hm/hadoop-1.1.2/conf/core-site.xml" ));
// 3.创建文件系统
hdfs = FileSystem.get(conf);
// 4.遍历HDFS上的文件和目录
FileStatus[] fs = hdfs.listStatus( new Path( "/home" ));
if (fs.length > 0 ) {
for (FileStatus f : fs) {
showDir(f);
}
}
}

5)判断HDFS中指定名称的目录或文件:

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package cn.cvu.hdfs;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileStatus;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
public class Query {
private static FileSystem hdfs;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 1.配置器
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
conf.addResource( new Path( "/home/hm/hadoop-1.1.2/conf/core-site.xml" ));
// 2.文件系统
hdfs = FileSystem.get(conf);
// 3.遍历HDFS上目前拥有的文件和目录
FileStatus[] fs = hdfs.listStatus( new Path( "/home" ));
if (fs.length > 0 ) {
for (FileStatus f : fs) {
showDir(f);
}
}
}
private static void showDir(FileStatus fs) throws Exception {
Path path = fs.getPath();
// 如果是目录
if (fs.isDir()) {
if (path.getName().equals( "system" )) {
System.out.println(path + "是目录" );
}
FileStatus[] f = hdfs.listStatus(path);
if (f.length > 0 ) {
for (FileStatus file : f) {
showDir(file);
}
}
} else {
if (path.getName().equals( "system" )) {
System.out.println(path + "是文件" );
}
}
}
}

6)查看HDFS文件的最后修改时间:

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package cn.cvu.hdfs;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.Date;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileStatus;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
public class Query2 {
private static FileSystem hdfs;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 1.创建配置器
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
// 2.创建文件系统(指定为HDFS文件系统到URI)
hdfs = FileSystem.get(URI.create( "hdfs://localhost:9000/" ), conf);
// 3.列出HDFS上目前拥有的文件和目录
FileStatus[] fs = hdfs.listStatus( new Path( "/home" ));
if (fs.length> 0 ){
for (FileStatus f : fs) {
showDir(f);
}
}
}
private static void showDir(FileStatus fs) throws Exception {
Path path = fs.getPath();
//获取最后修改时间
long time = fs.getModificationTime();
System.out.println( "HDFS文件的最后修改时间:" + new Date(time));
System.out.println(path);
if (fs.isDir()) {
FileStatus[] f = hdfs.listStatus(path);
if (f.length> 0 ){
for (FileStatus file : f) {
showDir(file);
}
}
}
}
}

7)查看HDFS中指定文件的状态:

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package cn.cvu.hdfs;
import java.net.URI;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.BlockLocation;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileStatus;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
public class Query {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//1.配置器
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
conf.addResource( new Path( "/home/hm/hadoop-1.1.2/conf/core-site.xml" ));
//2.文件系统
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
//3.已存在的文件
Path path = new Path( "/home/hm/hadoop-hm/mapred/system/jobtracker.info" );
//4.文件状态
FileStatus status = fs.getFileStatus(path);
//5.文件块
BlockLocation[] blockLocations = fs.getFileBlockLocations(status, 0 , status.getLen());
int blockLen = blockLocations.length;
System.err.println( "块数量:" +blockLen);
for ( int i = 0 ; i < blockLen; i++) {
// 主机名
String[] hosts = blockLocations[i].getHosts();
for (String host : hosts) {
System.err.println( "主机:" +host);
}
}
}
}

8)读取HDFS中txt文件的内容:

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package cn.cvu.hdfs;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataInputStream;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileStatus;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
public class Query {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
conf.addResource( new Path( "/home/hm/hadoop-1.1.2/conf/core-site.xml" ));
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
Path path = new Path( "/test.txt" );
FSDataInputStream is = fs.open(path);
FileStatus stat = fs.getFileStatus(path);
byte [] buffer = new byte [Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(stat.getLen()))];
is.readFully( 0 , buffer);
is.close();
fs.close();
System.out.println( new String(buffer));
}
}

2.HDFS操作-增:

1)上传文件到HDFS,基于hadoop-0.20.2:

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package cn.cvu.hdfs;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileStatus;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
public class TestHdfs {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 1.创建配置器
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
// 2.创建文件系统
FileSystem hdfs = FileSystem.get(conf);
// 3.创建可供hadoop使用的文件系统路径
Path src = new Path( "/home/hm/test.txt" ); //本地目录/文件
Path dst = new Path( "/home" ); //目标目录/文件
// 4.拷贝本地文件上传(本地文件,目标路径)
hdfs.copyFromLocalFile(src, dst);
System.err.println( "文件上传成功至:" + conf.get( "fs.default.name" ));
// 5.列出HDFS上的文件
FileStatus[] fs = hdfs.listStatus(dst);
for (FileStatus f : fs) {
System.err.println(f.getPath());
}
}
}


错误:
目标路径的操作权限不够,因为这实际是Ubuntu/home目录!

Exceptioninthread"main"java.io.FileNotFoundException:/home/test.txt(Permissiondenied权限不够)
atjava.io.FileOutputStream.open(NativeMethod)
atjava.io.FileOutputStream.<init>(FileOutputStream.java:212)
atorg.apache.hadoop.fs.RawLocalFileSystem$LocalFSFileOutputStream.<init>(RawLocalFileSystem.java:188)
atorg.apache.hadoop.fs.RawLocalFileSystem$LocalFSFileOutputStream.<init>(RawLocalFileSystem.java:184)
atorg.apache.hadoop.fs.RawLocalFileSystem.create(RawLocalFileSystem.java:255)
atorg.apache.hadoop.fs.RawLocalFileSystem.create(RawLocalFileSystem.java:236)
atorg.apache.hadoop.fs.ChecksumFileSystem$ChecksumFSOutputSummer.<init>(ChecksumFileSystem.java:335)
atorg.apache.hadoop.fs.ChecksumFileSystem.create(ChecksumFileSystem.java:381)
atorg.apache.hadoop.fs.ChecksumFileSystem.create(ChecksumFileSystem.java:364)
atorg.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.create(FileSystem.java:555)
atorg.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.create(FileSystem.java:536)
atorg.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.create(FileSystem.java:443)
atorg.apache.hadoop.fs.FileUtil.copy(FileUtil.java:229)
atorg.apache.hadoop.fs.FileUtil.copy(FileUtil.java:163)
atorg.apache.hadoop.fs.LocalFileSystem.copyFromLocalFile(LocalFileSystem.java:67)
atorg.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem.copyFromLocalFile(FileSystem.java:1143)

解决:
上传到有权限的目录(囧)


结果:
实际是上传到了Ubuntu/home/hm/hadoop-hm目录中!

2)上传文件到HDFS,基于hadoop-1.1.2一:

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package cn.cvu.hdfs;
import java.net.URI;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileStatus;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
public class TestHdfs1 {
private static FileSystem hdfs;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//1.创建配置器
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
//2.初始化文件系统(指定为HDFS文件系统URI,配置)
hdfs = FileSystem.get(URI.create( "hdfs://localhost:9000/" ), conf);
//3.创建本地目录/文件路径
Path src = new Path( "/home/hm/test.txt" );
//4.创建HDFS目录(指定为HDFS文件系统)
Path dst = new Path( "hdfs://localhost:9000//home/hm/hadoop-hm" );
//5.执行上传
hdfs.copyFromLocalFile(src, dst);
System.out.println( "文件上传成功至:" + conf.get( "fs.default.name" ));
//6.遍历HDFS目录
FileStatus[] list = hdfs.listStatus(dst);
for (FileStatus f : list) {
showDir(f);
}
}
private static void showDir(FileStatus f) throws Exception {
if (f.isDir()) {
System.err.println( "目录:" + f.getPath());
FileStatus[] listStatus = hdfs.listStatus(f.getPath());
for (FileStatus fn : listStatus) {
showDir(fn);
}
} else {
System.out.println( "文件:" + f.getPath());
}
}
}

3)上传文件到HDFS,基于hadoop-1.1.2二:

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package cn.cvu.hdfs;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileStatus;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
public class TestHdfs2 {
private static FileSystem hdfs;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//1. 创建配置器
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
//2. 手动加载配置
conf.addResource( new Path( "/home/hm/hadoop-1.1.2/conf/core-site.xml" ));
//3. 创建文件系统
hdfs = FileSystem.get(conf);
//4. 本地文件
Path src = new Path( "/home/hm/test.txt" );
//5. 目标路径
Path dst = new Path( "/home" );
//6. 上传文件
if (!hdfs.exists( new Path( "/home/test.txt" ))){
hdfs.copyFromLocalFile(src, dst);
System.err.println( "文件上传成功至: " + conf.get( "fs.default.name" ));
} else {
System.err.println(conf.get( "fs.default.name" ) + " 中已经存在 test.txt" );
}
//7. 遍历HDFS文件
System.out.println( "\nHDFS文件系统中存在的目录和文件:" );
FileStatus[] fs = hdfs.listStatus(dst);
for (FileStatus f : fs) {
showDir(f);
}
}
private static void showDir(FileStatus f) throws Exception{
if (f.isDir()){
System.err.println( "目录:" + f.getPath());
FileStatus[] listStatus = hdfs.listStatus(f.getPath());
for (FileStatus fn : listStatus){
showDir(fn);
}
} else {
System.err.println( "文件:" + f.getPath());
}
}
}

4)在HDFS中创建目录和文件:

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package cn.cvu.hdfs;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataOutputStream;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileStatus;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
public class TestHdfs2 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
conf.addResource( new Path( "/home/hm/hadoop-1.1.2/conf/core-site.xml" ));
FileSystem hdfs = FileSystem.get(conf);
// 使用HDFS数据输出流(写)对象 在HDSF上根目录创建一个文件夹,其内再创建文件
FSDataOutputStream out = hdfs.create( new Path( "/eminem/hip-hop.txt" ));
// 在文件中写入一行数据,必须使用UTF-8
//out.writeUTF("Hell使用UTF-8"); //不能用?
out.write( "痞子阿姆,Hello !" .getBytes( "UTF-8" ));
out = hdfs.create( new Path( "/alizee.txt" ));
out.write( "艾莉婕,Hello !" .getBytes( "UTF-8" ));
out.close();
FileStatus[] fs = hdfs.listStatus( new Path( "/" ));
for (FileStatus f : fs) {
System.out.println(f.getPath());
}
}
}

3.HDFS操作-改:

1)重命名文件:

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public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
conf.addResource( new Path( "/home/hm/hadoop-1.1.2/conf/core-site.xml" ));
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
//重命名:fs.rename(源文件,新文件)
boolean rename = fs.rename( new Path( "/test.txt" ), new Path( "/new_test.txt" ));
System.out.println(rename);
}

2)删除文件:

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public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
conf.addResource( new Path( "/home/hm/hadoop-1.1.2/conf/core-site.xml" ));
FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(conf);
//删除
//fs.delete(new Path("/new_test.txt")); //已过时
//程序结束时执行
boolean exit = fs.deleteOnExit( new Path( "/new_test.txt" ));
System.out.println( "删除执行:" +exit);
//判断删除(路径,true。false=非空时不删除,抛RemoteException、IOException异常)
boolean delete = fs.delete( new Path( "/test.txt" ), true );
System.out.println( "执行删除:" +delete);
}

- end
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