ffmpeg-4.3 H264编码流程

基于ffmpeg-4.3版本的编码流程，参考了 doc/examples/encode_video.c 的流程

avcodec_find_encoder_by_name ：通过名称获取编码器
avcodec_alloc_context3 ： 申请一个编码器
av_packet_alloc：申请一个AVPacket
avcodec_open2：打开编码器
av_frame_alloc：申请一个AVFrame
encode(AVCodecContext *enc_ctx, AVFrame *frame, AVPacket *pkt, FILE *outfile)
核心函数：需要四个参数
```cpp
/*
 * Copyright (c) 2001 Fabrice Bellard
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
 * THE SOFTWARE.
 */

/**
 * @file
 * video encoding with libavcodec API example
 *
 * @example encode_video.c
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>

#include <libavutil/opt.h>
#include <libavutil/imgutils.h>

static void encode(AVCodecContext *enc_ctx, AVFrame *frame, AVPacket *pkt,
                   FILE *outfile)
{
   
    int ret;

    /* send the frame to the encoder */
    if (frame)
        printf("Send frame %3"PRId64"\n", frame->pts);

    ret = avcodec_send_frame(enc_ctx, frame);
    if (ret < 0) {
   
        fprintf(stderr, "Error sending a frame for encoding\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    while (ret >= 0) {
   
        ret = avcodec_receive_packet(enc_ctx, pkt);
        if (ret ==