配置DNS服务器正向与反向解析

正向与反向解析

服务端安装bind软件

[root@server ~]# yum install bind -y
[root@server ~]# nmcli  c  modify  ens32   ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses  192.168.134.128/24  ipv4.gateway  192.168.134.2  ipv4.dns  114.114.114.114
[root@server ~]# nmcli  c  reload 
[root@server ~]# nmcli  c  up  ens32
连接已成功激活（D-Bus 活动路径：/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/2）


[root@node ~]# nmcli c modify ens32  ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses 192.168.134.129/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.134.2 ipv4.dns 114.114.114.114
[root@node ~]# nmcli  c  reload 
[root@node ~]# nmcli  c  up  ens32
连接已成功激活（D-Bus 活动路径：/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/2）

正向解析

DNS配置

第一步：服务端操作，编辑bind主配置文件

options {
listen-on port 53 { any; };
listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
directory       "/var/named";
dump-file       "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
secroots-file   "/var/named/data/named.secroots";
recursing-file  "/var/named/data/named.recursing";
allow-query     { any; };

第二步：服务端操作，编辑区域配置文件，可以选择一个模版修改局部（推荐），也可以全部清空重启写入数据

zone "openlab.com" IN {
type master;
file "openlab.com.zone";
alloe-update { none; };
};

第三步：服务端操作，编辑数据配置文件，使用拷贝命令将模版文件(/var/named/named.localhost)复制一份在修改局部，注意：拷贝时需要加-a参数，即拷贝内容及文件属性保证文件内容一致、权限等信息不变

[root@server named]# cp -a named.localhost openlab.com.zone 

[root@server named]# vim openlab.com.zone

$TTL 1D
openlab.com.    IN SOA  ns.opeblab.com.  admin.openlab.com. (
0       ; serial
1D      ; refresh
1H      ; retry
1W      ; expire
3H )    ; minimum
openlab.com.            IN      NS      ns.openlab.com.
ns.openlab.com.         IN      A       192.168.134.128
www.openlab.com.        IN      A       192.168.134.128
ftp.openlab.com.        IN      A       192.168.134.128
bbs.openlab.com.        IN      A       192.168.134.128
www1.openlab.com.       IN      CNAME   www.openlab.com.

第四步：服务端重启服务

[root@server named]# systemctl restart named

测试

[root@node ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens32 dns=192.168.134.128;
[root@node ]# nmcli c reload [root@node1 ]# nmcli c up ens32
连接已成功激活（D-Bus 活动路径：/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/2）
[root@node ~]# nslookup www.openlab.com

Server: 192.168.134.128
Address: 192.168.134.128#53

Name: www.openlab.com 
Address: 192.168.134.128

[root@node ~]# nslookup 

bbs.openlab.com Server: 192.168.134.128 Address: 192.168.134.128#53
Name: bbs.openlab.com Address: 192.168.134.128
>

[root@node ~]# dig www.openlab.com

; <<>> DiG 9.16.23 <<>> www.openlab.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 18795
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 1232
; COOKIE: 20fb6788387802ab0100000065ec0a3b9a2dd3f08e438d81 (good)
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.openlab.com.        IN    A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.openlab.com.    86400    IN    A    192.168.134.128
;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.134.128#53(192.168.134.128)
;; WHEN: Sat Mar 09 15:20:54 CST 2024
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 88

[root@node ~]# nslookup www1.openlab.com

Server:        192.168.134.128
Address:    192.168.134.128#53

www1.openlab.com    canonical name = www.openlab.com.
Name:    www.openlab.com
Address: 192.168.134.128

反向解析（未还原）

DNS设置

第一步：服务端操作，编辑区域配置文件，添加反向解析记录，注意：区域名称中IP地址反向书写，只需书写网段号

[root@server named]# vim  /etc/named.rfc1912.zones

zone "134.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
                type master;
                file "192.168.134.arpa";
                allow-update { none; };
};

第二步：服务端操作，编辑数据配置文件，复制一份反向解析模版（/var/named/named.loopback）,复制时需要加-a 参数，在修改局部即可

[root@server named]# cp -a named.loopback 192.168.134.arpa 
[root@server named]# vim 192.168.134.arpa

$TTL 1D
@       IN SOA  ns.openlab.com.  jenny.qq.com. (
0       ; serial
1D      ; refresh
1H      ; retry
1W      ; expire
3H )    ; minimum
IN      NS      ns.openlab.com.
ns.openlab.com.         IN      A       192.168.134.128
130                     IN      PTR     ns.openlab.com.
130                     IN      PTR     www.openlab.com.
130                     IN      PTR     ftp.openlab.com.

第三步：重启服务

[root@server named]# systemctl restart named

客户端测试

[root@node1 ~]# nslookup 192.168.134.128

128.134.168.192.in-addr.arpa    name = www.openlab.com.
128.134.168.192.in-addr.arpa    name = ftp.openlab.com.
128.134.168.192.in-addr.arpa    name = ns.openlab.com.