运行时数据区-方法区（Method Area）- 方法区内部结构

运行时数据区-方法区（Method Area）- 方法区内部结构

方法区（Method Area）存储了什么？

《深入理解Java虚拟机》书中方法区（Method Area）存储内容描述如下：

它用于存储已经被虚拟机加载的类型信息、常量、静态变量、即时编译器编译后的代码缓存等

类型信息

每个类加载的类型（类class、接口interface、枚举enum、注解annotation），JVM必须在方法区中存储以下类型信息：

1. 这个类型的完整的有效类名（类全名=包名.类名）
2. 这个类型直接父类的完整有效名（对于interface或者java.lang.Object都没有父类）
3. 这个类型的访问修饰符（public、abstract，final的某个子集）
4. 这个类型直接接口的有序列表

域（Feild）信息

1. JVM必须在方法区中保存类型所有的域相关的信息以及域的声明顺序
2. 域的相关信息包括：域名称、域类型、域修饰符（public、private、protected、static、final、volatile、transient的某个子集）

方法（Method）信息

JVM必须保存所有方法的以下信息，和域信息一样包括声明顺序：

1. 方法名称
2. 方法返回值类型（或者void）
3. 方法参数的数量和类型
4. 方法访问修饰符（public、private、protected、static、final、native、syncchronized等）
5. 方法的字节码（bytecodes）、操作数栈、局部变量表及大小（bastract和native除外）
6. 异常表（abstract和native除外）
   1. 每个异常处理的开始位置、结束位置、代码处理在程序计数器中的偏移地址、被捕获的异常类的常量池索引

事例代码

public class MethoInnerStrucdTest implements Comparable<String>, Serializable {

    //一般变量
    public int i = 0;
    //静态变量
    private static String str = "测试类的内部结构";

    //系统默认的构造方法（没写）

    //普通方法
    private void test1() {
        int count = 20;
        System.out.println("cpunt=" + count);
    }

    //静态方法
    public static int test2(int cal) {
        int result = 0;
        try {
            int value = 30;
            result = value / cal;
        } catch (Error error) {
            error.printStackTrace();
        }
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public int compareTo(String o) {
        return 0;
    }
}

javac编译之后，用javap -p -v反编译（-p能够反编译出private的属性）

E:\WorkingSpace\IdeaProjects\demo002\target\classes\com\booyue\tlh>javap -v -p  MethoInnerStrucdTest.class
Classfile /E:/WorkingSpace/IdeaProjects/demo002/target/classes/com/booyue/tlh/MethoInnerStrucdTest.class
  Last modified 2021-5-15; size 1610 bytes
  MD5 checksum 5beaba71e01d229fd8c42ea0e390740b
  Compiled from "MethoInnerStrucdTest.java"
public class com.booyue.tlh.MethoInnerStrucdTest extends java.lang.Object implements java.lang.Comparable<java.lang.String>, java.io.Serializable
  minor version: 0
  major version: 52
  flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_SUPER
Constant pool:
   #1 = Methodref          #18.#52        // java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
   #2 = Fieldref           #17.#53        // com/booyue/tlh/MethoInnerStrucdTest.i:I
   #3 = Fieldref           #54.#55        // java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
   #4 = Class              #56            // java/lang/StringBuilder
   #5 = Methodref          #4.#52         // java/lang/StringBuilder."<init>":()V
   #6 = String             #57            // cpunt=
   #7 = Methodref          #4.#58         // java/lang/StringBuilder.append:(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;
   #8 = Methodref          #4.#59         // java/lang/StringBuilder.append:(I)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;
   #9 = Methodref          #4.#60         // java/lang/StringBuilder.toString:()Ljava/lang/String;
  #10 = Methodref          #61.#62        // java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
  #11 = Class              #63            // java/lang/Error
  #12 = Methodref          #11.#64        // java/lang/Error.printStackTrace:()V
  #13 = Class              #65            // java/lang/String
  #14 = Methodref          #17.#66        // com/booyue/tlh/MethoInnerStrucdTest.compareTo:(Ljava/lang/String;)I
  #15 = String             #67            // 测试类的内部结构
  #16 = Fieldref           #17.#68        // com/booyue/tlh/MethoInnerStrucdTest.str:Ljava/lang/String;
  #17 = Class              #69            // com/booyue/tlh/MethoInnerStrucdTest
  #18 = Class              #70            // java/lang/Object
  #19 = Class              #71            // java/lang/Comparable
  #20 = Class              #72            // java/io/Serializable
  #21 = Utf8               i
  #22 = Utf8               I
  #23 = Utf8               str
  #24 = Utf8               Ljava/lang/String;
  #25 = Utf8               <init>
  #26 = Utf8               ()V
  #27 = Utf8               Code
  #28 = Utf8               LineNumberTable
  #29 = Utf8               LocalVariableTable
  #30 = Utf8               this
  #31 = Utf8               Lcom/booyue/tlh/MethoInnerStrucdTest;
  #32 = Utf8               test1
  #33 = Utf8               count
  #34 = Utf8               test2
  #35 = Utf8               (I)I
  #36 = Utf8               value
  #37 = Utf8               error
  #38 = Utf8               Ljava/lang/Error;
  #39 = Utf8               cal
  #40 = Utf8               result
  #41 = Utf8               StackMapTable
  #42 = Class              #63            // java/lang/Error
  #43 = Utf8               compareTo
  #44 = Utf8               (Ljava/lang/String;)I
  #45 = Utf8               o
  #46 = Utf8               (Ljava/lang/Object;)I
  #47 = Utf8               <clinit>
  #48 = Utf8               Signature
  #49 = Utf8               Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/Comparable<Ljava/lang/String;>;Ljava/io/Serializable;
  #50 = Utf8               SourceFile
  #51 = Utf8               MethoInnerStrucdTest.java
  #52 = NameAndType        #25:#26        // "<init>":()V
  #53 = NameAndType        #21:#22        // i:I
  #54 = Class              #73            // java/lang/System
  #55 = NameAndType        #74:#75        // out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
  #56 = Utf8               java/lang/StringBuilder
  #57 = Utf8               cpunt=
  #58 = NameAndType        #76:#77        // append:(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;
  #59 = NameAndType        #76:#78        // append:(I)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;
  #60 = NameAndType        #79:#80        // toString:()Ljava/lang/String;
  #61 = Class              #81            // java/io/PrintStream
  #62 = NameAndType        #82:#83        // println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
  #63 = Utf8               java/lang/Error
  #64 = NameAndType        #84:#26        // printStackTrace:()V
  #65 = Utf8               java/lang/String
  #66 = NameAndType        #43:#44        // compareTo:(Ljava/lang/String;)I
  #67 = Utf8               测试类的内部结构
  #68 = NameAndType        #23:#24        // str:Ljava/lang/String;
  #69 = Utf8               com/booyue/tlh/MethoInnerStrucdTest
  #70 = Utf8               java/lang/Object
  #71 = Utf8               java/lang/Comparable
  #72 = Utf8               java/io/Serializable
  #73 = Utf8               java/lang/System
  #74 = Utf8               out
  #75 = Utf8               Ljava/io/PrintStream;
  #76 = Utf8               append
  #77 = Utf8               (Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;
  #78 = Utf8               (I)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;
  #79 = Utf8               toString
  #80 = Utf8               ()Ljava/lang/String;
  #81 = Utf8               java/io/PrintStream
  #82 = Utf8               println
  #83 = Utf8               (Ljava/lang/String;)V
  #84 = Utf8               printStackTrace
{
  public int i;
    descriptor: I
    flags: ACC_PUBLIC

  private static java.lang.String str;
    descriptor: Ljava/lang/String;
    flags: ACC_PRIVATE, ACC_STATIC

  public com.booyue.tlh.MethoInnerStrucdTest();
    descriptor: ()V
    flags: ACC_PUBLIC
    Code:
      stack=2, locals=1, args_size=1
         0: aload_0
         1: invokespecial #1                  // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
         4: aload_0
         5: iconst_0
         6: putfield      #2                  // Field i:I
         9: return
      LineNumberTable:
        line 5: 0
        line 8: 4
      LocalVariableTable:
        Start  Length  Slot  Name   Signature
            0      10     0  this   Lcom/booyue/tlh/MethoInnerStrucdTest;

  private void test1();
    descriptor: ()V
    flags: ACC_PRIVATE
    Code:
      stack=3, locals=2, args_size=1
         0: bipush        20
         2: istore_1
         3: getstatic     #3                  // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
         6: new           #4                  // class java/lang/StringBuilder
         9: dup
        10: invokespecial #5                  // Method java/lang/StringBuilder."<init>":()V
        13: ldc           #6                  // String cpunt=
        15: invokevirtual #7                  // Method java/lang/StringBuilder.append:(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;
        18: iload_1
        19: invokevirtual #8                  // Method java/lang/StringBuilder.append:(I)Ljava/lang/StringBuilder;
        22: invokevirtual #9                  // Method java/lang/StringBuilder.toString:()Ljava/lang/String;
        25: invokevirtual #10                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
        28: return
      LineNumberTable:
        line 16: 0
        line 17: 3
        line 18: 28
      LocalVariableTable:
        Start  Length  Slot  Name   Signature
            0      29     0  this   Lcom/booyue/tlh/MethoInnerStrucdTest;
            3      26     1 count   I

  public static int test2(int);
    descriptor: (I)I
    flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_STATIC
    Code:
      stack=2, locals=3, args_size=1
         0: iconst_0
         1: istore_1
         2: bipush        30
         4: istore_2
         5: iload_2
         6: iload_0
         7: idiv
         8: istore_1
         9: goto          17
        12: astore_2
        13: aload_2
        14: invokevirtual #12                 // Method java/lang/Error.printStackTrace:()V
        17: iload_1
        18: ireturn
      Exception table:
         from    to  target type
             2     9    12   Class java/lang/Error
      LineNumberTable:
        line 22: 0
        line 24: 2
        line 25: 5
        line 28: 9
        line 26: 12
        line 27: 13
        line 29: 17
      LocalVariableTable:
        Start  Length  Slot  Name   Signature
            5       4     2 value   I
           13       4     2 error   Ljava/lang/Error;
            0      19     0   cal   I
            2      17     1 result   I
      StackMapTable: number_of_entries = 2
        frame_type = 255 /* full_frame */
          offset_delta = 12
          locals = [ int, int ]
          stack = [ class java/lang/Error ]
        frame_type = 4 /* same */

  public int compareTo(java.lang.String);
    descriptor: (Ljava/lang/String;)I
    flags: ACC_PUBLIC
    Code:
      stack=1, locals=2, args_size=2
         0: iconst_0
         1: ireturn
      LineNumberTable:
        line 34: 0
      LocalVariableTable:
        Start  Length  Slot  Name   Signature
            0       2     0  this   Lcom/booyue/tlh/MethoInnerStrucdTest;
            0       2     1     o   Ljava/lang/String;

  public int compareTo(java.lang.Object);
    descriptor: (Ljava/lang/Object;)I
    flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_BRIDGE, ACC_SYNTHETIC
    Code:
      stack=2, locals=2, args_size=2
         0: aload_0
         1: aload_1
         2: checkcast     #13                 // class java/lang/String
         5: invokevirtual #14                 // Method compareTo:(Ljava/lang/String;)I
         8: ireturn
      LineNumberTable:
        line 5: 0
      LocalVariableTable:
        Start  Length  Slot  Name   Signature
            0       9     0  this   Lcom/booyue/tlh/MethoInnerStrucdTest;

  static {};
    descriptor: ()V
    flags: ACC_STATIC
    Code:
      stack=1, locals=0, args_size=0
         0: ldc           #15                 // String 测试类的内部结构
         2: putstatic     #16                 // Field str:Ljava/lang/String;
         5: return
      LineNumberTable:
        line 10: 0
}
Signature: #49                          // Ljava/lang/Object;Ljava/lang/Comparable<Ljava/lang/String;>;Ljava/io/Serializable;
SourceFile: "MethoInnerStrucdTest.java"