单机K8S环境安装

最低配置

2核 4G 50G
最小化安装Ubuntu 16.04 server或者CentOS 7 Minimal

内核优化

# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
# 追加
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time =600
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 32768   60999
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 1024
net.core.somaxconn = 1024
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 5000
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 1
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 1000
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 2000
# wq!
# 使配置文件生效(这里执行多次是因为莫名的没有-p参数，顺序执行即可，报错忽略)
sysctl –p
sysctl
sysctl –p

系统调校

# 常用软件
yum install zip unzip lrzsz telnet  lsof  net-tools wget gcc automake autoconf libtool make gcc-c++ pcre-devel openssl-devel openssh openssh-clients openssh-server openssh-askpass jemalloc-devel vim netstat  sysstat ntpdate -y
# selinux disable
setenforce 0
sed -i 's/^SELINUX=enforcing$/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
# firewall stop
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
# max fileSize
vi /etc/rc.local
## open files
ulimit -HSn 65535
## stack size
ulimit -s 65535
# 关闭Swap分区
swapoff -a
cp -p /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak$(date '+%Y%m%d%H%M%S')
sed -i "s/\/dev\/mapper\/centos-swap/\#\/dev\/mapper\/centos-swap/g" /etc/fstab
mount -a
free -m
cat /proc/swaps
# yumsource alibaba
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo_bak
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
yum makecache fast
# 静态IP地址(VM-NAT)
### vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ensxxx
BOOTPROTO="static"
DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="no"
ONBOOT="yes"
IPADDR="192.168.175.100"
NETMASK="255.255.255.0"
GATEWAY="192.168.175.2"

脚本安装 k8s

export release=2.2.1
curl -C- -fLO --retry 3 https://github.com/easzlab/kubeasz/releases/download/${release}/easzup
chmod +x ./easzup
# 举例使用 k8s 版本 v1.18.2，docker 19.03.5
./easzup -D -d 19.03.5 -k v1.18.2
./easzup -S
# 使用默认配置安装 aio 集群
docker exec -it kubeasz easzctl start-aio

验证 k8s 安装

如果提示kubectl: command not found，退出重新ssh登录一下，环境变量生效即可
$ kubectl version         # 验证集群版本     
$ kubectl get node        # 验证节点就绪 (Ready) 状态
$ kubectl get pod -A      # 验证集群pod状态，默认已安装网络插件、coredns、metrics-server等
$ kubectl get svc -A      # 验证集群服务状态

Dashboard 查看和管理集群

参考文档：
https://github.com/easzlab/kubeasz/blob/master/docs/guide/dashboard.md

kubectl apply -f /etc/ansible/manifests/dashboard/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
kubectl apply -f /etc/ansible/manifests/dashboard/admin-user-sa-rbac.yaml
kubectl apply -f /etc/ansible/manifests/dashboard/read-user-sa-rbac.yaml

验证 Dashboard

# 查看 pod 运行状态
kubectl get pod -n kube-system | grep dashboard
dashboard-metrics-scraper-545bbb8767-hs7tz   1/1     Running   0          81s
kubernetes-dashboard-65665f84db-bj59l        1/1     Running   0          81s
# 查看 Dashboard Service
kubectl get svc -n kube-system|grep dashboard
dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.68.6.119    <none>        8000/TCP                 94s
kubernetes-dashboard        NodePort    10.68.217.55   <none>        443:36834/TCP            94s
# 查看集群服务
kubectl cluster-info|grep dashboard
kubernetes-dashboard is running at kubernetes-dashboard is running at https://192.168.175.100:6443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/https:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy
# 查看 pod 运行日志
kubectl logs kubernetes-dashboard-65665f84db-bj59l -n kube-system

访问 Dashboard

https://192.168.175.100:36834/

首次访问时，会阻拦你，所以你需要继续访问，然后选择验证方式时，会有kubeconfig和令牌两种方式，我们选择令牌。

# 获取secret中的token
kubectl describe secret dashboard -n kube-system

然后将上一步中的token填入，就可以访问了。