spring配置-bean部分

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-12 12:44:48 发布

xiedacon

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-12 12:44:48 发布

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分类专栏： spring 文章标签： spring

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_27350929/article/details/51416556

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bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans                     
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">      
    <!-- 
        bean标签：
            id属性：
                Bean实例的名称（唯一）
            name属性：
                和id属性相似，都能代表一个bean实例，可以设置多个，用、隔开
            class属性：
                Bean类全名
            scope属性：
                singleton   单例模式，默认值
                prototype   原型模式
                request     一次请求
                session     一次会话
            init-method属性：
                用于指定对象实例化后，调用的初始化方法
            destroy-method：
                用于指定对象在销毁时，调用的方法
            parent:
                设置该bean配置的父bean配置,子配置必须向上兼容父配置，可以通过构造参数、自动装配属性、生命周期等与父配置进行区别
            factory-bean：
                工厂bean名称
            factory-method
                工厂方法名称，要求方法不能是静态方法，参数名称应与构造参数名称相对应
            depends-on
                指定在创建该bean之前应该创建的bean对象，它们两个之间可能没有任何关系，多个用“,”隔开
            lazy-init
                创建bean的模式，默认为false
            primary
                在有多个匹配的bean时，优先使用该bean
     -->    
    <bean id="person" class="cn.xiedacon.test.domain.Person" name="user1,user2">

        <!-- 
            construor-arg标签：
                用于指定一个构造参数，通过传入相应的构造参数进行Bean实例化
                index属性：声明当前是第几个构造参数（从0开始）
                name属性：构造参数名称
                type属性：声明构造参数的类型，不设置使默认进行强转，设置时按设置类型注入不进行强转 
                    如：设置为Integer，构造函数中为int时，报错
                value属性：直接指定属性值
                ref属性：将属性值指定为某个存在bean的引用 id,name
         -->
        <constructor-arg index="" type="" value="" ref=""/>

        <!-- 
            property标签：
                用于对Bean实例中的属性注入值
                name：属性名
                value：直接指定属性值
                ref：将属性值指定为某个存在bean的引用 id,name
         -->
        <property name="" value="" ref="">
            <!-- 将属性值设为null -->
            <null></null>

            <!-- 与value属性相同 -->
            <value type=""></value>

            <!-- 与ref属性相同 -->
            <ref/>

            <!-- 将属性值指定为对应的id，是String类型 -->
            <idref/>

            <!-- 将属性值指定为一个内部匿名Bean实例，该匿名Bean实例无法被外界访问 -->
            <bean class="Bean类全名"/>

            <!-- 数组标签：
                    value-type：值类型
                    merge：是否合并，默认为否
            -->
            <array>
                <value></value>
            </array>

            <!-- set集合标签：与数组标签差不多 -->
            <set>
                <value></value>
            </set>

            <!-- list集合标签，与数组标签差不多 -->
            <list>
                <value></value>
            </list>

            <!-- map集合标签：
                    key-type：键类型
                    value-type：值类型
            -->
            <map key-type="" value-type="">

                <!-- 键值对标签：
                        key：键 
                        key-ref：键引用 
                        value：值 
                        value-ref：值引用
                -->
                <entry key="" key-ref="" value="" value-ref="">

                    <!-- 与键属性相同 -->
                    <key></key>

                </entry>
            </map>

            <!-- Properties类型标签 -->
            <props>
                <prop key="properties元素的key">properties元素的value</prop>
            </props>
        </property>

    </bean>
</beans>

scope属性演示：

bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">      

     <bean id="singletonPerson" class="cn.xiedacon.test.domain.Person" scope="singleton"></bean>

     <bean id="prototypePerson" class="cn.xiedacon.test.domain.Person" scope="prototype"></bean>

     <bean id="requestPerson" class="cn.xiedacon.test.domain.Person" scope="request"></bean>

     <bean id="sessionPerson" class="cn.xiedacon.test.domain.Person" scope="session"></bean>

</beans>

Person.java

package cn.xiedacon.test.domain;

public class Person {

    private int id;
    private String name;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";
    }

}

Test1.java

package cn.xiedacon.test;


import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import cn.xiedacon.test.domain.Person;
public class Test1 {

    @Test
    public void test() throws Exception {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");

        Person person1 = (Person) context.getBean("singletonPerson");
        person1.setId(1);
        person1.setName("aaa");
        Person person2 = (Person) context.getBean("singletonPerson");
        Person person3 = (Person) context.getBean("prototypePerson");
        person3.setId(2);
        person3.setName("bbb");
        Person person4 = (Person) context.getBean("prototypePerson");

        System.out.println("singletonPerson1:"+person1);
        System.out.println("singletonPerson2:"+person2);
        System.out.println(person1.equals(person2));

        System.out.println("prototypePerson1:"+person3);
        System.out.println("prototypePerson2:"+person4);
        System.out.println(person3.equals(person4));

    }

}

输出结果：
singletonPerson1:Person [id=1, name=aaa]
singletonPerson2:Person [id=1, name=aaa]
true
prototypePerson1:Person [id=2, name=bbb]
prototypePerson2:Person [id=0, name=null]
false

由上可知：
scope=”singleton”时，返回同一个对象
scope=”prototype”时，返回不同对象
scope=”request”和scope=”session”，需要到web容器中演示

init-method,destroy-method属性演示

bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">      

     <bean id="person" class="cn.xiedacon.test.domain.Person" init-method="init" destroy-method="destroy"></bean>

</beans>

Person.java

package cn.xiedacon.test.domain;

public class Person {

    private int id;
    private String name;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";
    }

    public void init(){
        System.out.println("对象被创建啦！！！");
    }

    public void destroy(){
        System.out.println("对象被销毁啦！！！");
    }
}

Test1.java

package cn.xiedacon.test;


import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import cn.xiedacon.test.domain.Person;
public class Test1 {

    @Test
    public void test() {
        System.out.println("创建对象");
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
        Person person = (Person) context.getBean("person");
        person.setId(1);
        person.setName("aaa");
        System.out.println(person);
        System.out.println("销毁对象");
        context.close();
    }
}

输出结果：
创建对象
对象被创建啦！！！
Person [id=1, name=aaa]
销毁对象
对象被销毁啦！！！

factory-bean,factory-method属性演示

bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">      

     <bean id="person1" class="cn.xiedacon.test.domain.Person" factory-bean="factory" factory-method="getPerson"></bean>

     <bean id="person2" class="cn.xiedacon.test.domain.Person" factory-bean="factory" factory-method="getPerson">
        <constructor-arg name="id" value="1"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg name="name" value="aaa"></constructor-arg>
     </bean>

     <bean id="factory" class="cn.xiedacon.test.Factory"></bean>
</beans>

Person.java

package cn.xiedacon.test.domain;

public class Person {

    private int id;
    private String name;

    public Person() {
        super();
    }

    public Person(int id, String name) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";
    }
}

Factory.java

package cn.xiedacon.test;

import cn.xiedacon.test.domain.Person;

public class Factory {

    public Person getPerson(){
        return new Person();
    }

    public Person getPerson(int id,String name){
        return new Person(id, name);
    }
}

Test1.java

package cn.xiedacon.test;


import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import cn.xiedacon.test.domain.Person;
public class Test1 {

    @Test
    public void test() {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");

        Person person1 = (Person) context.getBean("person1");
        Person person2 = (Person) context.getBean("person2");

        System.out.println(person1);
        System.out.println(person2);
    }
}

输出结果：
Person [id=0, name=null]
Person [id=1, name=aaa]

merge属性演示

bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">      

    <bean id="base" class="cn.xiedacon.test.domain.Person">
        <property name="list">
            <list>
                <value>1</value>
                <value>2</value>
                <value>3</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="person1" class="cn.xiedacon.test.domain.Person" parent="base">
        <constructor-arg name="id" value="1"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg name="name" value="aaa"></constructor-arg>

        <property name="list">
            <list merge="default">
                <value>1</value>
                <value>2</value>
                <value>3</value>
            </list>
        </property>
     </bean>

     <bean id="person2" class="cn.xiedacon.test.domain.Person" parent="base">
        <constructor-arg name="id" value="1"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg name="name" value="aaa"></constructor-arg>

        <property name="list">
            <list merge="false">
                <value>1</value>
                <value>2</value>
                <value>3</value>
            </list>
        </property>
     </bean>

     <bean id="person3" class="cn.xiedacon.test.domain.Person" parent="base">
        <constructor-arg name="id" value="1"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg name="name" value="aaa"></constructor-arg>

        <property name="list">
            <list merge="true">
                <value>1</value>
                <value>2</value>
                <value>3</value>
            </list>
        </property>
     </bean>
</beans>

Person.java

package cn.xiedacon.test.domain;

import java.util.List;

public class Person {

    private int id;
    private String name;
    private List<Integer> list;
    public Person() {
        super();
    }

    public Person(int id, String name) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public List<Integer> getList() {
        return list;
    }

    public void setList(List<Integer> list) {
        this.list = list;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", list=" + list + "]";
    }
}

Test1.java

package cn.xiedacon.test;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import cn.xiedacon.test.domain.Person;

public class Test1 {

    @Test
    public void test() {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");

        Person person1 = (Person) context.getBean("person1");
        Person person2 = (Person) context.getBean("person2");
        Person person3 = (Person) context.getBean("person3");

        System.out.println("merge=default:" + person1);
        System.out.println("merge=false:" + person2);
        System.out.println("merge=true:" + person3);
    }
}

输出结果：
merge=default:Person [id=1, name=aaa, list=[1, 2, 3]]
merge=false:Person [id=1, name=aaa, list=[1, 2, 3]]
merge=true:Person [id=1, name=aaa, list=[1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3]]