(1)可以接受的任务类型
submit:
execute:
可以看出:
execute只能接受Runnable类型的任务
submit不管是Runnable还是Callable类型的任务都可以接受,但是Runnable返回值均为void,所以使用Future的get()获得的还是null
(2)返回值
由Callable和Runnable的区别可知:
execute没有返回值
submit有返回值,所以需要返回值的时候必须使用submit
(3)异常
1.execute中抛出异常
execute中的是Runnable接口的实现,所以只能使用try、catch来捕获CheckedException,通过实现UncaughtExceptionHande接口处理UncheckedException
即和普通线程的处理方式完全一致
2.submit中抛出异常
不管提交的是Runnable还是Callable类型的任务,如果不对返回值Future调用get()方法,都会吃掉异常
先来看下Callable定义
public interface Callable<V> {
V call() throws Exception;
}
其中的call能够抛出Exception异常,所以不管是CheckedException还是UncheckedException,直接抛出即可
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
public class ThreadExceptionTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ExecutorService executor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
Future<Boolean> future = executor.submit(new CallableTask());
try {
future.get();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
executor.shutdown();//必须不能忘,否则会一致卡在那里
}
}
class CallableTask implements Callable<Boolean>{
public Boolean call() throws Exception {
// InputStream in = new FileInputStream(new File("xx.pdf"));
int num = 3/0;
return false;
}
}
结果为:
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerGet(FutureTask.java:222)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:83)
at my.ThreadExceptionTest.main(ThreadExceptionTest.java:21)
Caused by: java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
at my.CallableTask.call(ThreadExceptionTest.java:57)
at my.CallableTask.call(ThreadExceptionTest.java:1)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:303)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:138)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619)
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