学生成绩管理系统V2.0

题目描述

某班有最多不超过30人（具体人数由键盘输入）参加某门课程的考试，参考前面章节的“学生成绩管理系统V1.0”，用一维数组和函数指针作函数参数编程实现如下菜单驱动的学生成绩管理系统：
（1）录入每个学生的学号和考试成绩；
（2）计算课程的总分和平均分；
（3）按成绩由高到低排出名次表；
（4）按成绩由低到高排出名次表；
（5）按学号由小到大排出成绩表；
（6）按学号查询学生排名及其考试成绩；
（7）按优秀（90_{100）、良好（80}89）、中等（70_{79）、及格（60}69）、不及格（0~59）5个类别，统计每个类别的人数以及所占的百分比；
（8）输出每个学生的学号、考试成绩。

程序运行结果示例

1.Input record
2.Caculate total and average score of course
3.Sort in descending order by score
4.Sort in ascending order by score
5.Sort in ascending order by number
6.Search by number
7.Statistic analysis
8.List record
0.Exit
Please enter your choice:
然后，根据用户输入的选项执行相应的操作。

程序运行结果示例：
Input student number(n<30):
6↙
Management for Students’ scores
1.Input record
2.Caculate total and average score of course
3.Sort in descending order by score
4.Sort in ascending order by score
5.Sort in ascending order by number
6.Search by number
7.Statistic analysis
8.List record
0.Exit
Please Input your choice:
1↙
Input student’s ID and score:
11003001↙
87↙
11003005↙
98↙
11003003↙
75↙
11003002
48
11003004↙
65↙
11003006↙
100↙
Management for Students’ scores
1.Input record
2.Caculate total and average score of course
3.Sort in descending order by score
4.Sort in ascending order by score
5.Sort in ascending order by number
6.Search by number
7.Statistic analysis
8.List record
0.Exit
Please Input your choice:
2↙
sum=473,aver=78.83
Management for Students’ scores
1.Input record
2.Caculate total and average score of course
3.Sort in descending order by score
4.Sort in ascending order by score
5.Sort in ascending order by number
6.Search by number
7.Statistic analysis
8.List record
0.Exit
Please Input your choice:
3↙
Sort in descending order by score:
11003006 100
11003005 98
11003001 87
11003003 75
11003004 65
11003002 48
Management for Students’ scores
1.Input record
2.Caculate total and average score of course
3.Sort in descending order by score
4.Sort in ascending order by score
5.Sort in ascending order by number
6.Search by number
7.Statistic analysis
8.List record
0.Exit
Please Input your choice:
4↙
Sort in ascending order by score:
11003002 48
11003004 65
11003003 75
11003001 87
11003005 98
11003006 100
Management for Students’ scores
1.Input record
2.Caculate total and average score of course
3.Sort in descending order by score
4.Sort in ascending order by score
5.Sort in ascending order by number
6.Search by number
7.Statistic analysis
8.List record
0.Exit
Please Input your choice:
5↙
Sort in ascending order by number:
11003001 87
11003002 48
11003003 75
11003004 65
11003005 98
11003006 100
Management for Students’ scores
1.Input record
2.Caculate total and average score of course
3.Sort in descending order by score
4.Sort in ascending order by score
5.Sort in ascending order by number
6.Search by number
7.Statistic analysis
8.List record
0.Exit
Please Input your choice:
6↙
Input the number you want to search:
11003004↙
11003004 65
Management for Students’ scores
1.Input record
2.Caculate total and average score of course
3.Sort in descending order by score
4.Sort in ascending order by score
5.Sort in ascending order by number
6.Search by number
7.Statistic analysis
8.List record
0.Exit
Please Input your choice:
7↙
<60 1 16.67%
60-69 1 16.67%
70-79 1 16.67%
80-89 1 16.67%
90-99 1 16.67%
100 1 16.67%
Management for Students’ scores
1.Input record
2.Caculate total and average score of course
3.Sort in descending order by score
4.Sort in ascending order by score
5.Sort in ascending order by number
6.Search by number
7.Statistic analysis
8.List record
0.Exit
Please Input your choice:
8↙
11003001 87
11003002 48
11003003 75
11003004 65
11003005 98
11003006 100
Management for Students’ scores
1.Input record
2.Caculate total and average score of course
3.Sort in descending order by score
4.Sort in ascending order by score
5.Sort in ascending order by number
6.Search by number
7.Statistic analysis
8.List record
0.Exit
Please Input your choice:
9↙
Input error!
Management for Students’ scores
1.Input record
2.Caculate total and average score of course
3.Sort in descending order by score
4.Sort in ascending order by score
5.Sort in ascending order by number
6.Search by number
7.Statistic analysis
8.List record
0.Exit
Please Input your choice:
0↙
End of program!

输入格式

（ 1 ） 录入学生的人数：
**输入数据格式为："%d"
**提示信息为：“Input student number(n<30):\n”
（ 2 ）录入每个学生的学号和考试成绩：
**输入数据格式为："%ld%f"
**提示信息为：“Input student’s ID and score:\n”
（ 3 ）录入待查询学生的学号：
**输入数据格式为："%ld"

输出格式

计算课程的总分和平均分：
**输出总分与平均分格式为：“sum=%.0f,aver=%.2f\n”
按成绩由高到低排出名次表：
**输出格式为："%ld\t%.0f\n"
**提示信息为：“Sort in descending order by score:\n”
按成绩由低到高排出名次表:
**输出格式为："%ld\t%.0f\n"
**提示信息为：“Sort in ascending order by score:\n”
按学号由小到大排出成绩表：
**输出格式为："%ld\t%.0f\n"
**提示信息为：“Sort in ascending order by number:\n”
按学号查询学生排名及其考试成绩：
**查询学号输入的提示信息：“Input the number you want to search:\n”
**如果未查到此学号的学生，提示信息为：“Not found!\n”；
**如果查询到该学生，要求输出格式为："%ld\t%.0f\n"
按优秀（90_{100）、良好（80}89）、中等（70_{79）、及格（60}69）、不及格（0~59）5个类别，统计每个类别的人数以及所占的百分比：
**成绩<60的输出格式为："<60\t%d\t%.2f%%\n"；
**成绩=100的输出格式为："%d\t%d\t%.2f%%\n"；
**其他要求输出百分比格式为："%d-%d\t%d\t%.2f%%\n"
输出学生成绩格式为："%ld\t%.0f\n"
用户输入的菜单项超出0-8的选择范围:
***输入提示格式为：“Please Input your choice:\n”
***输出错误提示信息：“Input error!\n”

思路

1、采用结构体存储每一位学生的信息
2、采用动态链表存储所有学生
3、排序采用冒泡算法
4、独立封装每个功能函数，可扩展性强

代码

/*
Author:UserHAO 
FROM CQUPT
*/
#include <stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>

typedef struct Student_Node
{
    long ID;
    float score;
    struct Student_Node* next;
} Student_Node, * STU_List;

void Initialize(STU_List* S)
{
    *S = (STU_List)malloc(sizeof(Student_Node));
    (*S)->ID = 0;
    (*S)->score = 0;
    (*S)->next = NULL;
}

void Input_record(STU_List* S, int n)
{
    STU_List p;
    printf("Input student's ID and score:\n");
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        p = (STU_List)malloc(sizeof(Student_Node));
        scanf_s("%ld%f", &(p->ID), &(p->score));
        p->next = (*S)->next;//p成了末尾节点
        (*S)->next = p;//把这个新节点接到前节点之后
    }
}

void Print_stu(STU_List S)
{
    STU_List p = S->next;
    while (p)
    {
        printf("%ld\t%.0f\n", p->ID, p->score);
        p = p->next;
    }
}

void Total_average_score(STU_List* S, int n)
{
    float total = 0;
    STU_List p = (*S)->next;
    while (p)
    {
        total = p->score + total;
        p = p->next;
    }
    printf("sum=%.0f,aver=%.2f\n", total, total / n);
}

void Sort_score_descending(STU_List* S, short int n)
{
    STU_List p, q, temp;
    short int times;
    for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
    {
        p = (*S)->next;
        q = (*S)->next->next;
        temp = (*S);
        times = n - 1 - i;
        while (times)
        {
            if (p->score < q->score)
            {
                p->next = q->next;
                q->next = p;
                temp->next = q;
            }
            temp = temp->next;
            p = temp->next;
            q = temp->next->next;
            times--;
        }
    }
    printf("Sort in descending order by score:\n");
    Print_stu(*S);
}

void Sort_score_ascending(STU_List* S, short int n)
{
    STU_List p, q, temp;
    short int times;
    for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
    {
        p = (*S)->next;
        q = (*S)->next->next;
        temp = (*S);
        times = n - 1 - i;
        while (times)
        {
            if (p->score > q->score)
            {
                p->next = q->next;
                q->next = p;
                temp->next = q;
            }
            temp = temp->next;
            p = temp->next;
            q = temp->next->next;
            times--;
        }
    }
    printf("Sort in ascending order by score:\n");
    Print_stu(*S);
}

void Sort_number_ascending(STU_List* S, short int n)
{
    STU_List p, q, temp;
    short int times;
    for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
    {
        p = (*S)->next;
        q = (*S)->next->next;
        temp = (*S);
        times = n - 1 - i;
        while (times)
        {
            if (p->ID > q->ID)
            {
                p->next = q->next;
                q->next = p;
                temp->next = q;
            }
            temp = temp->next;
            p = temp->next;
            q = temp->next->next;
            times--;
        }
    }
    printf("Sort in ascending order by number:\n");
    Print_stu(*S);
}

void Search_score(STU_List S)
{
    STU_List p = S->next;
    long ID;
    printf("Input the number you want to search:\n");
    scanf_s("%ld", &ID);
    while (p)
    {
        if (p->ID == ID)
        {
            printf("%ld\t%.0f\n", ID, p->score);
            break;
        }
        else
        {
            p = p->next;
        }
    }
    if (!p)
    {
        printf("Not found!\n");
    }
}

void Analysis_score(STU_List S, short int n)
{
    STU_List p = S->next;
    float temp_score10 = 0, temp_score9 = 0, temp_score8 = 0, temp_score7 = 0, temp_score6 = 0, temp_score5 = 0;
    float num = n;
    while (p)
    {
        if (p->score == 100)
            temp_score10++;
        else if (90 <= p->score && p->score <= 99)
            temp_score9++;
        else if (80 <= p->score && p->score <= 89)
            temp_score8++;
        else if (70 <= p->score && p->score <= 79)
            temp_score7++;
        else if (60 <= p->score && p->score <= 69)
            temp_score6++;
        else if (p->score < 60)
            temp_score5++;
        p = p->next;
    }
    printf("<60\t%d\t%.2f%%\n", (int)temp_score5, (temp_score5 / num) * 100.0);
    printf("%d-%d\t%d\t%.2f%%\n", 60, 69, (int)temp_score6, (temp_score6 / num) * 100.0);
    printf("%d-%d\t%d\t%.2f%%\n", 70, 79, (int)temp_score7, (temp_score7 / num) * 100.0);
    printf("%d-%d\t%d\t%.2f%%\n", 80, 89, (int)temp_score8, (temp_score8 / num) * 100.0);
    printf("%d-%d\t%d\t%.2f%%\n", 90, 99, (int)temp_score9, (temp_score9 / num) * 100.0);
    printf("%d\t%d\t%.2f%%\n", 100, (int)temp_score10, (temp_score10 / num) * 100.0);
}

void print_menu()
{
    printf("Management for Students' scores\n");
    printf("1.Input record\n");
    printf("2.Caculate total and average score of course\n");
    printf("3.Sort in descending order by score\n");
    printf("4.Sort in ascending order by score\n");
    printf("5.Sort in ascending order by number\n");
    printf("6.Search by number\n");
    printf("7.Statistic analysis\n");
    printf("8.List record\n");
    printf("0.Exit\n");
}

void choose(short int choice, STU_List* S, short int n)
{
    switch (choice)
    {
    case 1:
        Input_record(S, n);
        break;
    case 2:
        Total_average_score(S, n);
        break;
    case 3:
        Sort_score_descending(S, n);
        break;
    case 4:
        Sort_score_ascending(S, n);
        break;
    case 5:
        Sort_number_ascending(S, n);
        break;
    case 6:
        Search_score(*S);
        break;
    case 7:
        Analysis_score(*S, n);
        break;
    case 8:
        Print_stu(*S);
        break;
    default:
        printf("Input error!\n");
        break;
    }

}

int main()
{
    short int n, choice;
    STU_List S;
    Initialize(&S);
    printf("Input student number(n<30):\n");
    scanf_s("%hd", &n);

    while (1)
    {
        print_menu();
        printf("Please Input your choice:\n");
        scanf_s("%hd", &choice);
        if (choice == 0)
        {
            printf("End of program!\n");
            break;
        }
        else
        {
            choose(choice, &S, n);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

学生样例

学号	分数
11003001	87
11003005	98
11003003	75
11003002	48
11003004	65
11003006	100