HTML5之XMLHttpRequest Level 2 API跨源运用案例

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-18 15:19:22 发布
最新推荐文章于 2023-09-18 15:19:22 发布
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分类专栏： HTML4/HTML5 文章标签： xmlhttprequest web服务器
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_27682041/article/details/75453281
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大家都知道XMLHttpRequest API使得Ajax技术的实现成为了可能。作为XMLHttpRequest的改进版，XMLHttpRequest  Level 2在功能上有了很大的改进。主要体现在以下两个方面：

  • 跨源XMLHttpRequest ；
  • 进度事件 （Progress events）

在过去，XMLHttpRequest 仅限于同源通信。XMLHttpRequest Level 2通过CORS(跨源资源共享)实现了XMLHttpRequests。CORS规范要求，对一些敏感行为——如申请证书的请求或除了GET和POST以外的OPTIONS预检请求，必须由浏览器发送给服务器，以确定这种行为能否被支持和允许了，这意味着成功通信的背后或许需要由具备CORS处理能力的服务器来支持。

新版XMLHttpRequest 中最重要的API改进之一是增加了对进度的响应。在XMLHttpRequest之前的版本中，仅有readystatechange一个事件能够被用来响应速度。更糟糕的是，浏览器对该事件的实现并不兼容，如在IE中永远都不会触发readystate 3。

前提条件:首先，页面需要部署在web服务器上；其次，两个页面必须来自不同的域。

127.0.0.1文件crossOriginUpload.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<title>上传数据</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
<script>

function loadDemo() {
    var dataElement = document.getElementById("geodata");
    dataElement.textContent = JSON.stringify(geoData).replace(",", ", ", "g");

    //XMLHttpRequest浏览器支持情况检测
    var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();//为了构建跨源XMLHttpRequest，首先创建一个新的XMLHttpRequest对象
    if (typeof xhr.withCredentials === undefined) {
        document.getElementById("support").innerHTML = "您的浏览器<strong>不支持</strong>XMLHttpRequest跨域";
    } else {
        document.getElementById("support").innerHTML = "您的浏览器<strong>支持</strong>XMLHttpRequest跨域";
    }

    var targetLocation = "http://www.vserve365.com/process.php";

    function setProgress(s) {
        document.getElementById("progress").innerHTML = s;
    }
//XMLHttpRequest Level 2不再使用数值型状态表示法，而是提供了命名进度事件。为事件处理程序属性设置相应的回调函数，就可以对这些事件进行监听了。
//在请求过程中务必确保能够监听到错误。请求不成功有很多原因，如网络故障、访问被拒、目标服务器缺乏对CORS的支持等。
    document.getElementById("sendButton").addEventListener("click",
        function() {
            xhr.upload.onprogress = function(e) {
                var ratio = e.loaded / e.total;
                setProgress(ratio + "%被上传");//计算上传的完成率
            }
            
            xhr.onprogress = function(e) {
                var ratio = e.loaded / e.total;
                setProgress(ratio + "%被下载");//计算下载的完成率
            }

            xhr.onload = function(e) {
                setProgress("完成");
            }

            xhr.onerror = function(e) {
                setProgress("出错");
            }

            xhr.open("POST", targetLocation, true);//通过指定不同源的地址来构造跨源XMLHttpRequest
            
            geoDataString = dataElement.textContent;
            xhr.send(geoDataString);
        }, true);

}
window.addEventListener("load", loadDemo, true);

</script>

<h1>XMLHttpRequest Level 2</h1>
<p id="support"></p>

<h4>将被上传的数据:</h4>
<textarea id="geodata">
</textarea>
</div>

<button id="sendButton">上传</button>

<script>
geoData = [[39.080018000000003, 39.112557000000002, 39.135261, 39.150458, 39.170653000000001, 39.190128000000001, 39.204510999999997, 39.226759000000001, 39.238483000000002, 39.228154000000004, 39.249400000000001, 39.249533, 39.225276999999998, 39.191253000000003, 39.167993000000003, 39.145685999999998, 39.121620999999998, 39.095761000000003, 39.080593, 39.053131999999998, 39.02619, 39.002929000000002, 38.982886000000001, 38.954034999999998, 38.944926000000002, 38.919960000000003, 38.925261999999996, 38.934922999999998, 38.949373000000001, 38.950133999999998, 38.952649000000001, 38.969692000000002, 38.988512999999998, 39.010652, 39.033088999999997, 39.053493000000003, 39.072752999999999], [-120.15724399999999, -120.15818299999999, -120.15600400000001, -120.14564599999999, -120.141285, -120.10889900000001, -120.09528500000002, -120.077596, -120.045428, -120.0119, -119.98897100000002, -119.95124099999998, -119.93270099999998, -119.927131, -119.92685999999999, -119.92636200000001, -119.92844600000001, -119.911036, -119.942834, -119.94413000000002, -119.94555200000001, -119.95411000000001, -119.941327, -119.94605900000001, -119.97527599999999, -119.99445, -120.028998, -120.066335, -120.07867300000001, -120.089985, -120.112227, -120.09790700000001, -120.10881000000001, -120.116692, -120.117847, -120.11727899999998, -120.14398199999999],[-120.15724399999999, -120.15818299999999, -120.15600400000001, -120.14564599999999, -120.141285, -120.10889900000001, -120.09528500000002, -120.077596, -120.045428, -120.0119, -119.98897100000002, -119.95124099999998, -119.93270099999998, -119.927131, -119.92685999999999, -119.92636200000001, -119.92844600000001, -119.911036, -119.942834, -119.94413000000002, -119.94555200000001, -119.95411000000001, -119.941327, -119.94605900000001, -119.97527599999999, -119.99445, -120.028998, -120.066335, -120.07867300000001, -120.089985, -120.112227, -120.09790700000001, -120.10881000000001, -120.116692, -120.117847, -120.11727899999998, -120.14398199999999],[-120.15724399999999, -120.15818299999999, -120.15600400000001, -120.14564599999999, -120.141285, -120.10889900000001, -120.09528500000002, -120.077596, -120.045428, -120.0119, -119.98897100000002, -119.95124099999998, -119.93270099999998, -119.927131, -119.92685999999999, -119.92636200000001, -119.92844600000001, -119.911036, -119.942834, -119.94413000000002, -119.94555200000001, -119.95411000000001, -119.941327, -119.94605900000001, -119.97527599999999, -119.99445, -120.028998, -120.066335, -120.07867300000001, -120.089985, -120.112227, -120.09790700000001, -120.10881000000001, -120.116692, -120.117847, -120.11727899999998, -120.14398199999999],[-120.15724399999999, -120.15818299999999, -120.15600400000001, -120.14564599999999, -120.141285, -120.10889900000001, -120.09528500000002, -120.077596, -120.045428, -120.0119, -119.98897100000002, -119.95124099999998, -119.93270099999998, -119.927131, -119.92685999999999, -119.92636200000001, -119.92844600000001, -119.911036, -119.942834, -119.94413000000002, -119.94555200000001, -119.95411000000001, -119.941327, -119.94605900000001, -119.97527599999999, -119.99445, -120.028998, -120.066335, -120.07867300000001, -120.089985, -120.112227, -120.09790700000001, -120.10881000000001, -120.116692, -120.117847, -120.11727899999998, -120.14398199999999],[-120.15724399999999, -120.15818299999999, -120.15600400000001, -120.14564599999999, -120.141285, -120.10889900000001, -120.09528500000002, -120.077596, -120.045428, -120.0119, -119.98897100000002, -119.95124099999998, -119.93270099999998, -119.927131, -119.92685999999999, -119.92636200000001, -119.92844600000001, -119.911036, -119.942834, -119.94413000000002, -119.94555200000001, -119.95411000000001, -119.941327, -119.94605900000001, -119.97527599999999, -119.99445, -120.028998, -120.066335, -120.07867300000001, -120.089985, -120.112227, -120.09790700000001, -120.10881000000001, -120.116692, -120.117847, -120.11727899999998, -120.14398199999999],[-120.15724399999999, -120.15818299999999, -120.15600400000001, -120.14564599999999, -120.141285, -120.10889900000001, -120.09528500000002, -120.077596, -120.045428, -120.0119, -119.98897100000002, -119.95124099999998, -119.93270099999998, -119.927131, -119.92685999999999, -119.92636200000001, -119.92844600000001, -119.911036, -119.942834, -119.94413000000002, -119.94555200000001, -119.95411000000001, -119.941327, -119.94605900000001, -119.97527599999999, -119.99445, -120.028998, -120.066335, -120.07867300000001, -120.089985, -120.112227, -120.09790700000001, -120.10881000000001, -120.116692, -120.117847, -120.11727899999998, -120.14398199999999],[-120.15724399999999, -120.15818299999999, -120.15600400000001, -120.14564599999999, -120.141285, -120.10889900000001, -120.09528500000002, -120.077596, -120.045428, -120.0119, -119.98897100000002, -119.95124099999998, -119.93270099999998, -119.927131, -119.92685999999999, -119.92636200000001, -119.92844600000001, -119.911036, -119.942834, -119.94413000000002, -119.94555200000001, -119.95411000000001, -119.941327, -119.94605900000001, -119.97527599999999, -119.99445, -120.028998, -120.066335, -120.07867300000001, -120.089985, -120.112227, -120.09790700000001, -120.10881000000001, -120.116692, -120.117847, -120.11727899999998, -120.14398199999999],[-120.15724399999999, -120.15818299999999, -120.15600400000001, -120.14564599999999, -120.141285, -120.10889900000001, -120.09528500000002, -120.077596, -120.045428, -120.0119, -119.98897100000002, -119.95124099999998, -119.93270099999998, -119.927131, -119.92685999999999, -119.92636200000001, -119.92844600000001, -119.911036, -119.942834, -119.94413000000002, -119.94555200000001, -119.95411000000001, -119.941327, -119.94605900000001, -119.97527599999999, -119.99445, -120.028998, -120.066335, -120.07867300000001, -120.089985, -120.112227, -120.09790700000001, -120.10881000000001, -120.116692, -120.117847, -120.11727899999998, -120.14398199999999],[-120.15724399999999, -120.15818299999999, -120.15600400000001, -120.14564599999999, -120.141285, -120.10889900000001, -120.09528500000002, -120.077596, -120.045428, -120.0119, -119.98897100000002, -119.95124099999998, -119.93270099999998, -119.927131, -119.92685999999999, -119.92636200000001, -119.92844600000001, -119.911036, -119.942834, -119.94413000000002, -119.94555200000001, -119.95411000000001, -119.941327, -119.94605900000001, -119.97527599999999, -119.99445, -120.028998, -120.066335, -120.07867300000001, -120.089985, -120.112227, -120.09790700000001, -120.10881000000001, -120.116692, -120.117847, -120.11727899999998, -120.14398199999999],[-120.15724399999999, -120.15818299999999, -120.15600400000001, -120.14564599999999, -120.141285, -120.10889900000001, -120.09528500000002, -120.077596, -120.045428, -120.0119, -119.98897100000002, -119.95124099999998, -119.93270099999998, -119.927131, -119.92685999999999, -119.92636200000001, -119.92844600000001, -119.911036, -119.942834, -119.94413000000002, -119.94555200000001, -119.95411000000001, -119.941327, -119.94605900000001, -119.97527599999999, -119.99445, -120.028998, -120.066335, -120.07867300000001, -120.089985, -120.112227, -120.09790700000001, -120.10881000000001, -120.116692, -120.117847, -120.11727899999998, -120.14398199999999],[-120.15724399999999, -120.15818299999999, -120.15600400000001, -120.14564599999999, -120.141285, -120.10889900000001, -120.09528500000002, -120.077596, -120.045428, -120.0119, -119.98897100000002, -119.95124099999998, -119.93270099999998, -119.927131, -119.92685999999999, -119.92636200000001, -119.92844600000001, -119.911036, -119.942834, -119.94413000000002, -119.94555200000001, -119.95411000000001, -119.941327, -119.94605900000001, -119.97527599999999, -119.99445, -120.028998, -120.066335, -120.07867300000001, -120.089985, -120.112227, -120.09790700000001, -120.10881000000001, -120.116692, -120.117847, -120.11727899999998, -120.14398199999999],[-120.15724399999999, -120.15818299999999, -120.15600400000001, -120.14564599999999, -120.141285, -120.10889900000001, -120.09528500000002, -120.077596, -120.045428, -120.0119, -119.98897100000002, -119.95124099999998, -119.93270099999998, -119.927131, -119.92685999999999, -119.92636200000001, -119.92844600000001, -119.911036, -119.942834, -119.94413000000002, -119.94555200000001, -119.95411000000001, -119.941327, -119.94605900000001, -119.97527599999999, -119.99445, -120.028998, -120.066335, -120.07867300000001, -120.089985, -120.112227, -120.09790700000001, -120.10881000000001, -120.116692, -120.117847, -120.11727899999998, -120.14398199999999],[-120.15724399999999, -120.15818299999999, -120.15600400000001, -120.14564599999999, -120.141285, -120.10889900000001, -120.09528500000002, -120.077596, -120.045428, -120.0119, -119.98897100000002, -119.95124099999998, -119.93270099999998, -119.927131, -119.92685999999999, -119.92636200000001, -119.92844600000001, -119.911036, -119.942834, -119.94413000000002, -119.94555200000001, -119.95411000000001, -119.941327, -119.94605900000001, -119.97527599999999, -119.99445, -120.028998, -120.066335, -120.07867300000001, -120.089985, -120.112227, -120.09790700000001, -120.10881000000001, -120.116692, -120.117847, -120.11727899999998, -120.14398199999999],[-120.15724399999999, -120.15818299999999, -120.15600400000001, -120.14564599999999, -120.141285, -120.10889900000001, -120.09528500000002, -120.077596, -120.045428, -120.0119, -119.98897100000002, -119.95124099999998, -119.93270099999998, -119.927131, -119.92685999999999, -119.92636200000001, -119.92844600000001, -119.911036, -119.942834, -119.94413000000002, -119.94555200000001, -119.95411000000001, -119.941327, -119.94605900000001, -119.97527599999999, -119.99445, -120.028998, -120.066335, -120.07867300000001, -120.089985, -120.112227, -120.09790700000001, -120.10881000000001, -120.116692, -120.117847, -120.11727899999998, -120.14398199999999],[-120.15724399999999, -120.15818299999999, -120.15600400000001, -120.14564599999999, -120.141285, -120.10889900000001, -120.09528500000002, -120.077596, -120.045428, -120.0119, -119.98897100000002, -119.95124099999998, -119.93270099999998, -119.927131, -119.92685999999999, -119.92636200000001, -119.92844600000001, -119.911036, -119.942834, -119.94413000000002, -119.94555200000001, -119.95411000000001, -119.941327, -119.94605900000001, -119.97527599999999, -119.99445, -120.028998, -120.066335, -120.07867300000001, -120.089985, -120.112227, -120.09790700000001, -120.10881000000001, -120.116692, -120.117847, -120.11727899999998, -120.14398199999999],[-120.15724399999999, -120.15818299999999, -120.15600400000001, -120.14564599999999, -120.141285, -120.10889900000001, -120.09528500000002, -120.077596, -120.045428, -120.0119, -119.98897100000002, -119.95124099999998, -119.93270099999998, -119.927131, -119.92685999999999, -119.92636200000001, -119.92844600000001, -119.911036, -119.942834, -119.94413000000002, -119.94555200000001, -119.95411000000001, -119.941327, -119.94605900000001, -119.97527599999999, -119.99445, -120.028998, -120.066335, -120.07867300000001, -120.089985, -120.112227, -120.09790700000001, -120.10881000000001, -120.116692, -120.117847, -120.11727899999998, -120.14398199999999],[-120.15724399999999, -120.15818299999999, -120.15600400000001, -120.14564599999999, -120.141285, -120.10889900000001, -120.09528500000002, -120.077596, -120.045428, -120.0119, -119.98897100000002, -119.95124099999998, -119.93270099999998, -119.927131, -119.92685999999999, -119.92636200000001, -119.92844600000001, -119.911036, -119.942834, -119.94413000000002, -119.94555200000001, -119.95411000000001, -119.941327, -119.94605900000001, -119.97527599999999, -119.99445, -120.028998, -120.066335, -120.07867300000001, -120.089985, -120.112227, -120.09790700000001, -120.10881000000001, -120.116692, -120.117847, -120.11727899999998, -120.14398199999999]];
</script>

<p>
    <b>状态: </b> <span id="progress">准备</span>
</p>
远程服务器文件process.php

<?php
    header('HTTP/1.1 200 OK');
    header('Access-Control-Allow-Origin: http://127.0.0.1');
    $REQUEST_METHOD = $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'];
    switch (strtoupper($REQUEST_METHOD)) {
        case 'POST':
            $message = '数据上传完成';
            header('Content-Length: '.strlen($message));
            header('Content-Type: text/plain');
            break;
        
        case 'OPTIONS':
            header('Access-Control-Allow-Methods: POST');
            header('Access-Control-Allow-Headers: Content-Type');
            break;
    }
    

结果截图:




sensus森森
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本文实例讲述了php 下 html5 XHR2 + FormData + File API 上传文件操作。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下： FormData的作用： FormData对象可以帮助我们自动的打包表单数据，通过XMLHttpRequest的send()方法来提交...
大熊君学习html5系列之------XHR2（XMLHttpRequest Level 2）
weixin_30399797的博客
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一，开篇分析 Hi，大家好！大熊君又和大家见面了，(*^__^*) 嘻嘻……，这系列文章主要是学习Html5相关的知识点，以学习API知识点为入口，由浅入深的引入实例， 让大家一步一步的体会"h5"能够做什么，以及在实际项目中如何去合理的运用达到使用自如，完美驾驭O(∩_∩)O~，好了，废话不多说，直接进入今天的主题， 今天主要讲的是“XMLHttpRequest Level 2 API”及...
XML HttpRequest Level2
m0_62962469的博客
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1.旧版XML HttpRequest的缺点 只支持文本数据的传输，无法用来读取和上传文件。 传送和接收数据时，不能显示进度信息，只能提示有没有完成。 2.XML HttpRequest Level2新特性 可以设置HTTP请求的时限 可以使用FormData对象管理表单数据。 可以上传文件 可以获得数据传输的进度信息。 如何设置Http请求的时限： 有时，ajax操作很耗时，而且无法预知要花多少时间。新版本的XML HttpRequest 属性增加了timeout属性，可以设置HTT
XMLHttpRequest 实例
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XMLHttpRequest 实例 基于MyEclipse的一个工程 里面有很多短小的实例 一个一个说明XMLHttpRequest 的用法 对初学者很有帮助
XMLHttpRequest Level2的新特性
果冻
12-27 485
目录 1、设置HTTP请求时限 2、FormData对象管理表单数据 3、上传文件 （1）定义UI结构 （2）验证是否选择了文件 （3）向FormData中追加文件 （4）使用 xhr 发起上传文件的请求 （5）监听onreadystatechange事件 4、显示文件上传进度 （1）导入需要的库 （2）基于Bootstrap渲染进度条 （3）监听上传进度的事件 （4）监听上传完成的事件 旧版XMLHttpRequest的缺点 只支持文本数据的传输，无法用来读取和上传...
XMLHttpRequest异步调用实现调用新浪天气预报页面
a687690727的博客
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没学习AJAX之前,最在想如何调用别人网页的内容,页且还要过滤其它不需要的内容,如何实现了,学到异步调用后,就可以实现了,闲话少话,先看代码; //JScript.js 1//JScript文件 2 3varxmlhttp; 4functiongetWeather() 5{ 6//获取用户输入的城市名称 ...
XMLHttpRequest对象的一个简单运用示例
遇见小美好
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XMLHttpRequest（）是一个构建HTTP请求的JavaScript对象（即构造器）。 XMLHttpRequest（）对象的用法，主要分为两个有效步骤： * 发送请求； * 处理响应
XMLHttpRequest对象详解和事例
曾舜尧的专栏
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XMLHttpRequest对象详解 1、概述 2、XMLHttpRequest 的方法和属性 XMLHttpRequest包含了基本的属性和方法，正是通过这些方法和属性实现了对服务器的通讯。Ajax依赖XMLHttpRequest完成与服务器的通信。 XMLHttpRequest的基本方法如下： Abort():停止发送当前请求。 getAllResponseHeader
XMLHttpRequest Level 2 特性介绍
许盛的博客
10-07 788
文件上传，进度显示啥的，都可以看看：http://www.w3dev.cn/article/20130322/XMLHttpRequest-Level-2-new-feature-introduction.aspx
一些XMLHttpRequest的例子代码
w88529593的专栏
09-19 3365
以下例子摘录自：javascript权威指南 //异步请求(事件监听请求是否返回) function getText(url,callback){ var request = new XMLHttpRequest(); request.open('GET',url); request.onreadystatechange = function () { i
XMLHttpRequest Level2新特性（设置HTTP请求（超时）时限、演示FormData对象的基本使用管理表单数据、使用formdata快速获取表单中的数据、利用XML上传文件）
weixin_52065872的博客
07-07 1173
XMLHttpRequest Level2新特性（设置HTTP请求（超时）时限、演示FormData对象的基本使用管理表单数据、使用formdata快速获取表单中的数据、利用XML上传文件）
html XMLHttpRequest
08-20
XMLHttpRequest是一个在Web浏览器中发送HTTP请求的...请注意，XMLHttpRequest已被Fetch API取代，后者提供了更现代和灵活的方式来进行异步通信。但如果你需要支持较旧的浏览器，XMLHttpRequest仍然是一个常用的选择。

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