opencv 易错点fillPoly、at、range

rows是高 cols是宽

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>

int main(){
    // 新建4x5大小的0 矩阵 不要用4行5列来理解
    cv::Mat zeros = cv::Mat::zeros(cv::Size(4,5),CV_8UC1);
    std::cout<<zeros<<std::endl;
    std::cout<<zeros.rows<<std::endl;
    std::cout<<zeros.cols<<std::endl;
}

输出:

[  0,   0,   0,   0;
   0,   0,   0,   0;
   0,   0,   0,   0;
   0,   0,   0,   0;
   0,   0,   0,   0]
5
4

利用fillPoly对矩形区域填充值

实际业务中一般都是填充不规则区域,这里为了演示的直观点,直接填充了一个矩形区域,我们将4x5大小的矩阵 第1,2(起点为0)行全部填充1

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

int main(){
    // 新建4x5大小的0 矩阵 不要用4行5列来理解
    cv::Mat zeros = cv::Mat::zeros(cv::Size(4,5),CV_8UC1);
//    std::cout<<zeros<<std::endl;
//    std::cout<<zeros.rows<<std::endl;
//    std::cout<<zeros.cols<<std::endl;
    std::vector<cv::Point> pts;
    pts.push_back(cv::Point(0,1));
    pts.push_back(cv::Point(0,2));
    pts.push_back(cv::Point(3,1));
    pts.push_back(cv::Point(3,2));
    std::vector<std::vector<cv::Point>> ppts;
    ppts.push_back(pts);
    cv::fillPoly(zeros , ppts, (1));
    std::cout<<zeros<<std::endl;
}

输出:

[  0,   0,   0,   0;
   1,   1,   1,   1;
   1,   1,   1,   1;
   0,   0,   0,   0;
   0,   0,   0,   0]

.at 取值不是x,y应该是y,x

假设我现在需要把上面第1,2(起点为0)填充为1的矩阵，取出点（1,0）的坐标

• 是用cv::Point的点来取
• 或者是用y,x的顺序来取

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

int main(){
    // 新建4x5大小的0 矩阵 不要用4行5列来理解
    cv::Mat zeros = cv::Mat::zeros(cv::Size(4,5),CV_8UC1);
//    std::cout<<zeros<<std::endl;
//    std::cout<<zeros.rows<<std::endl;
//    std::cout<<zeros.cols<<std::endl;
    std::vector<cv::Point> pts;
    pts.push_back(cv::Point(0,1));
    pts.push_back(cv::Point(0,2));
    pts.push_back(cv::Point(3,1));
    pts.push_back(cv::Point(3,2));
    std::vector<std::vector<cv::Point>> ppts;
    ppts.push_back(pts);
    cv::fillPoly(zeros , ppts, (1));
    std::cout<<zeros<<std::endl;
//    std::cout<<(int)zeros.at<unsigned char>(1,0)<<std::endl; // 错误的
    std::cout<<(int)zeros.at<unsigned char> (cv::Point(1,0))<<std::endl; 
    std::cout<<(int)zeros.at<unsigned char>(0,1)<<std::endl;
}

输出：

[  0,   0,   0,   0;
   1,   1,   1,   1;
   1,   1,   1,   1;
   0,   0,   0,   0;
   0,   0,   0,   0]
0
0

cv::range 注意区间是左闭右开

现在我们打印上面矩阵的所有行,0-2列(起点为0)，下面的代码实际没有打印出第二列

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

int main(){
    // 新建4x5大小的0 矩阵 不要用4行5列来理解
    cv::Mat zeros = cv::Mat::zeros(cv::Size(4,5),CV_8UC1);
//    std::cout<<zeros<<std::endl;
//    std::cout<<zeros.rows<<std::endl;
//    std::cout<<zeros.cols<<std::endl;
    std::vector<cv::Point> pts;
    pts.push_back(cv::Point(0,1));
    pts.push_back(cv::Point(0,2));
    pts.push_back(cv::Point(3,1));
    pts.push_back(cv::Point(3,2));
    std::vector<std::vector<cv::Point>> ppts;
    ppts.push_back(pts);
    cv::fillPoly(zeros , ppts, (1));
    std::cout<<zeros<<std::endl;
//    std::cout<<(int)zeros.at<unsigned char>(1,0)<<std::endl; // 错误的
//    std::cout<<(int)zeros.at<unsigned char> (cv::Point(1,0))<<std::endl;
//    std::cout<<(int)zeros.at<unsigned char>(0,1)<<std::endl;
    std::cout<<zeros(cv::Range::all(),cv::Range(0,2))<<std::endl; //右边是开区间

}

输出：

[  0,   0,   0,   0;
   1,   1,   1,   1;
   1,   1,   1,   1;
   0,   0,   0,   0;
   0,   0,   0,   0]
[  0,   0;
   1,   1;
   1,   1;
   0,   0;
   0,   0]