Spring Cloud Config(配置中心)

一、简介

在分布式系统中，由于服务数量巨多，为了方便服务配置文件统一管理，实时更新，所以需要分布式配置中心组件。在Spring Cloud中，有分布式配置中心组件spring cloud config ，它支持配置服务放在配置服务的内存中（即本地），也支持放在远程Git仓库中。在spring cloud config 组件中，分两个角色，一是config server，二是config client。

二、创建config server

2.1 pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<name>demo</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
	<groupId>com.example</groupId>
	<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.4.3</version>
		<relativePath/>
	</parent>
	
	<properties>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>
	
	<dependencies>
		<!-- 基础依赖 Start. -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 基础依赖 End. -->
		<!-- config-server -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- config-server --> 
	</dependencies>
	
	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>Finchley.RELEASE</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

2.2 配置文件

spring.application.name=config-server
server.port=8062

spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri=https://github.com/forezp/SpringcloudConfig/
spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths=respo
spring.cloud.config.server.git.skip-ssl-validation=true
spring.cloud.config.label=master
spring.cloud.config.server.git.username=your username
spring.cloud.config.server.git.password=your password

2.3 启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigServer
public class ConfigServerApplication {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ConfigServerApplication.class, args);
	}
}

2.4 验证

启动后访问 http://localhost:8888/foo/dev

http请求地址和资源文件映射如下:

• /{application}/{profile}[/{label}]
• /{application}-{profile}.yml
• /{label}/{application}-{profile}.yml
• /{application}-{profile}.properties
• /{label}/{application}-{profile}.properties

三、创建config client

3.1 pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<name>demo</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
	<groupId>com.example</groupId>
	<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.4.3</version>
		<relativePath/>
	</parent>
	
	<properties>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>
	
	<dependencies>
		<!-- 基础依赖 Start. -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 基础依赖 End. -->
		<!-- config -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- config --> 
	</dependencies>
	
	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>Finchley.RELEASE</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

3.2 配置文件

配置文件名称需要设置为bootstrap.yml或bootstrap.properties

server.port=8072
spring.application.name=config-client
spring.profiles.active=dev

spring.cloud.config.label=master
spring.cloud.config.profile=dev
spring.cloud.config.uri= http://127.0.0.1:8062/

3.3 启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@RestController
public class ConfigClientApplication {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientApplication.class, args);
	}

	@Value("${foo}")
	String foo;
	@RequestMapping(value = "/hi")
	public String hi(){
		return foo;
	}
}

打开网址访问：http://localhost:8881/hi，网页显示：
foo version 3
这就说明，config-client从config-server获取了foo的属性，而config-server是从git仓库读取的,如图：

动态刷新配置