AIDL的简单使用

       AIDL是Android Interface Definition Language的缩写，即为Android接口定义语言。安卓系统中会有多个进程，每个进程都是相互独立的，无法共享内存。想要共享进程间的数据，就需要进程通信，AIDL即为IPC机制（跨进程通信）的一种。

FW向app层提供的接口大多使用的就是AIDL（还有使用广播的，例如Home按键、蓝牙连接，USB接续等等），封装在了framework.jar中了。

接下来进入主题，看看DIAL怎么使用。

首先在main的路径下新建一个文件夹为aidl。

在aidl文件夹中新建一个aidl文件IEx.aidl

在IEx.aidl文件中写出客户端需要使用的接口

package com.android.ex;
interface IEx {
    /**
     * control ex
     */
    oneway void controlEx();

}

以上写完之后对项目进行build，build完成之后会生成对应的IEx.java文件

/*
 * This file is auto-generated.  DO NOT MODIFY.
 */
package com.android.ex;
public interface IEx extends android.os.IInterface
{
  /** Default implementation for IEx. */
  public static class Default implements com.android.ex.IEx
  {
    /**
         * control ex
         */
    @Override public void controlEx() throws android.os.RemoteException
    {
    }
    @Override
    public android.os.IBinder asBinder() {
      return null;
    }
  }
  /** Local-side IPC implementation stub class. */
  public static abstract class Stub extends android.os.Binder implements com.android.ex.IEx
  {
    private static final java.lang.String DESCRIPTOR = "com.android.ex.IEx";
    /** Construct the stub at attach it to the interface. */
    public Stub()
    {
      this.attachInterface(this, DESCRIPTOR);
    }
    /**
     * Cast an IBinder object into an com.android.ex.IEx interface,
     * generating a proxy if needed.
     */
    public static com.android.ex.IEx asInterface(android.os.IBinder obj)
    {
      if ((obj==null)) {
        return null;
      }
      android.os.IInterface iin = obj.queryLocalInterface(DESCRIPTOR);
      if (((iin!=null)&&(iin instanceof com.android.ex.IEx))) {
        return ((com.android.ex.IEx)iin);
      }
      return new com.android.ex.IEx.Stub.Proxy(obj);
    }
    @Override public android.os.IBinder asBinder()
    {
      return this;
    }
    @Override public boolean onTransact(int code, android.os.Parcel data, android.os.Parcel reply, int flags) throws android.os.RemoteException
    {
      java.lang.String descriptor = DESCRIPTOR;
      switch (code)
      {
        case INTERFACE_TRANSACTION:
        {
          reply.writeString(descriptor);
          return true;
        }
        case TRANSACTION_controlEx:
        {
          data.enforceInterface(descriptor);
          this.controlEx();
          return true;
        }
        default:
        {
          return super.onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);
        }
      }
    }
    private static class Proxy implements com.android.ex.IEx
    {
      private android.os.IBinder mRemote;
      Proxy(android.os.IBinder remote)
      {
        mRemote = remote;
      }
      @Override public android.os.IBinder asBinder()
      {
        return mRemote;
      }
      public java.lang.String getInterfaceDescriptor()
      {
        return DESCRIPTOR;
      }
      /**
           * control ex
           */
      @Override public void controlEx() throws android.os.RemoteException
      {
        android.os.Parcel _data = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
        try {
          _data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR);
          boolean _status = mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_controlEx, _data, null, android.os.IBinder.FLAG_ONEWAY);
          if (!_status && getDefaultImpl() != null) {
            getDefaultImpl().controlEx();
            return;
          }
        }
        finally {
          _data.recycle();
        }
      }
      public static com.android.ex.IEx sDefaultImpl;
    }
    static final int TRANSACTION_controlEx = (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 0);
    public static boolean setDefaultImpl(com.android.ex.IEx impl) {
      // Only one user of this interface can use this function
      // at a time. This is a heuristic to detect if two different
      // users in the same process use this function.
      if (Stub.Proxy.sDefaultImpl != null) {
        throw new IllegalStateException("setDefaultImpl() called twice");
      }
      if (impl != null) {
        Stub.Proxy.sDefaultImpl = impl;
        return true;
      }
      return false;
    }
    public static com.android.ex.IEx getDefaultImpl() {
      return Stub.Proxy.sDefaultImpl;
    }
  }
  /**
       * control ex
       */
  public void controlEx() throws android.os.RemoteException;
}

接下来是我们的服务端代码，AIDL的实现使用的binder机制，所以服务端需要再Service的onBind方法中返回Stub的实例。

import android.app.Service
import android.content.Intent
import android.os.IBinder
import com.android.ex.IEx

class ExService : Service() {

    override fun onBind(intent: Intent): IBinder {
        return ExImpl()
    }

    override fun onCreate() {
        super.onCreate()

    }

    inner class ExImpl : IEx.Stub() {
        override fun controlEx() {
            TODO("Not yet implemented")
        }
    }
}

客户端实现代码如下：

import android.content.ComponentName
import android.content.Context
import android.content.Intent
import android.content.ServiceConnection
import android.os.IBinder
import android.util.Log
import com.android.ex.IEx

/**
 * @ClassName Ex
 * @Author LZD
 * @Date 2024/1/24 11:20
 * @Description
 */
class Ex : IEx {
    companion object {
        private var sInstance: Ex? = null
    }

    private var mService: IEx? = null


    fun getInstance(): Ex? {
        if (null == sInstance) {
            synchronized(Ex::class) {
                if (null == sInstance) {
                    sInstance = Ex()
                }
            }
        }
        return sInstance
    }

    private val connection = object : ServiceConnection {
        override fun onServiceConnected(name: ComponentName?, service: IBinder?) {
            mService = IEx.Stub.asInterface(service)
            try {
                mService?.asBinder()?.linkToDeath({
                    mService = null
                    getService()
                }, 0);
            } catch (e: Exception) {
                e.printStackTrace()
            }
        }

        override fun onServiceDisconnected(name: ComponentName?) {
            mService = null
        }

    }
    private lateinit var mContext: Context
    public fun bind(context: Context) {
        mContext = context
        getService()
    }

    public fun unBind() {
        if (null != mContext) {
            mContext.unbindService(connection);
        }
    }

    @Synchronized
    private fun getService(): IEx? {
        if (null == mService) {
            var intent = Intent();
            val cn = ComponentName("com.android.ex", "com.android.ex.ExService")
            intent.setComponent(cn)
            mContext.bindService(intent, connection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE)
        }
        return mService
    }

    override fun asBinder(): IBinder = mService!!.asBinder()

    override fun controlEx() {
        if (mService != null) {
            try {
                mService?.controlEx()
            } catch (e: Exception) {
                e.printStackTrace()
            }
        }
    }
}

以上为AIDL的简单使用方法。