Android AIDL简单使用

一、AIDL使用

1.服务端代码
创建Book.aidl文件,文件只需要一下2行代码。注意这里的parcelable 是小写的。

		// Book.aidl
package com.zzq.service;

parcelable Book;

创建数据传输对象Book.java类,这个传输对象必须实现Parcelable 来序列化数据，才能通过AIDL传输。

package com.zzq.service;

import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;

public class Book implements Parcelable {
    String name;

    public Book(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }


    @Override
    public int describeContents() {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
        dest.writeString(this.name);
    }

    protected Book(Parcel in) {
        this.name = in.readString();
    }

    public static final Creator<Book> CREATOR = new Creator<Book>() {
        @Override
        public Book createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
            return new Book(source);
        }

        @Override
        public Book[] newArray(int size) {
            return new Book[size];
        }
    };
}

创建传输数据的接口对应的AIDL类——BookManager.aidl，这里用到的 Book对象，即使是同一个包下，也必须导包。addBook方法参数中的in 修饰符表示数据只能从客户端传入到服务端。out 表示只能从服务端到客户端，inout表示如果服务端改了客户端传入的数据，客户端能立马感知。

// BookManager.aidl
package com.zzq.service;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements
import com.zzq.service.Book;

interface BookManager {
    List<Book> getbooks();
    void addBook(in Book book);
}

创建服务

package com.zzq.service;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MyService extends Service {

    private List<Book> books;
    public MyService() {
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        books = new ArrayList<>();
        initData();//构建数据
    }

    private void initData() {
        Book book1 = new Book("钢铁是怎样炼成的");
        Book book2 = new Book("边城");
        Book book3 = new Book("老人与海");
        Book book4 = new Book("小家越住越大");
        Book book5 = new Book("第一行代码");
        books.add(book1);
        books.add(book2);
        books.add(book3);
        books.add(book4);
        books.add(book5);

    }

    private BookManager.Stub stub = new BookManager.Stub() {
        @Override
        public List<Book> getbooks() throws RemoteException {
            return books;
        }

        @Override
        public void addBook(Book book) throws RemoteException {
            books.add(book);
        }
    };

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return stub;//客户端绑定到此服务后，将自己的存根返回给客户端，供其调用上面的getbooks（）、addBook（）方法。
    }
}

清单文件注册该服务

  <service
            android:name=".MyService"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true">//需要设置该服务外部可以调用
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.zzq.service.action"/>
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </service>

2.客户端代码
需要将服务端的代码Book.aidl、BookManager.aidl、Book.java文件复制到客户端包名相同的文件夹。

客户端绑定服务并调用服务端方法

package com.zzq.cilent;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.zzq.service.Book;
import com.zzq.service.BookManager;

import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener{
    public static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
    private BookManager manager;
    private boolean isConnected;

    private ServiceConnection connection = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
            manager = BookManager.Stub.asInterface(service);//跟服务端建立连接后，可用此方法拿到服务端的代理，进而调用服务端的方法
            isConnected = true;
            Log.d(TAG,"  onServiceConnected");
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
            isConnected = false;
            Log.d(TAG,"  onServiceDisconnected");
        }
    };

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        TextView tvGetbooks = findViewById(R.id.tv_getbooks);
        TextView tvAddbook = findViewById(R.id.tv_addbook);
        tvGetbooks.setOnClickListener(this);
        tvAddbook.setOnClickListener(this);
        bindService();
    }

    private void bindService() {
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.setPackage("com.zzq.service");
        intent.setAction("com.zzq.service.action");
        bindService(intent,connection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        int id = v.getId();
        if(!isConnected)return;
        if(id == R.id.tv_getbooks){
            try {
                List<Book> getbooks = manager.getbooks();
                for (int i = 0; i < getbooks.size(); i++) {
                    Log.d("MainActivity   i =",getbooks.get(i).getName());
                }
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }else if(id == R.id.tv_addbook){
            try {
                manager.addBook(new Book("风中有朵雨做得云"));
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}