Linux下C/C++对MySQL数据库操作

事例机型:ubuntu16.04

1.准备C/C++相关的库和文件

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install mysql-client mysql-server libmysqlclient-dev #libmysqlclient-dev是安装mysql的C/C++库

2.相关知识

#include <mysql/mysql.h>
     MYSQL *p; // mysql的连接句柄
     mysql_init() // 初始化mysql句柄
    mysql_real_connect(MYSQL*mysql, const char* host, const char* user, const char* passwd, const char *dbname,  unsigned int port, const char* unix_socket, unsigned long client_flag)
参数：
	MYSQL * mysql : 数据库连接句柄 用mysql_init()返回的指针
	host : mysql服务器的地址
	user： mysql用户名
	passwd：mysql密码
	dbname：连接的数据库名
	port： mysql数据库的连接端口
       unix_socket:默认为0
       client_flag:一般设置为0
返回：
	成功返回MYSQL*连接句柄，失败返回NULL

	mysql_query(MYSQL *mysql, const char * sql);
参数：
	MYSQL* mysql: mysql连接句柄
	const char *sql :sql语句
返回值：失败返回NULL
mysql_store_result(MYSQL *mysql) // 获取查询数据
mysql_free_result(MYSQL_RES *result);// 释放查询事例
mysql_close(MYSQL * mysql); //释放连接句柄...

3.编译命令

g++ *.cpp *.c -lmysqlclient

4.事例

mmysql.h

/*************************************************************************
	> File Name: mysql.h
	> Author: mouse
	> Mail: 2395360675@qq.com
	> Created Time: Tue 07 Nov 2017 04:19:27 PM CST
 ************************************************************************/
#ifndef __MMYSQL_H_
#define __MMYSQL_H_

#include <string>
#include <mysql/mysql.h>
using namespace std;
struct mysqlLogin{
	const char* user;
	const char* passwd;
	const char* dbname;
	const char* host;
	unsigned int port;
	const char* unix_socket;
	long unsigned int client_flag;
};

 class mmysql {
 public:
	static mmysql *pInstall; // 连接事例
	MYSQL *p;
	struct mysqlLogin login;
	static mmysql* makeInstall(); 
	// 错误信息
	void print_error();
	// mysql连接
	void mysql_connect(const char* user, const char* passwd, const char* dbname);
	// sql 查询
	void mysql_querys(const char* query);
	// 获取更新行数
	long unsigned int  mysql_cout();
	// 数据读取
    void mysql_read();
     
    // 存储读取数据
    string **tep;
    int row;
    int cow;
 private:
	// 错误号
	unsigned int erron;
	mmysql();

 public:
	~mmysql();

 };

 #endif

mmysql.cpp

/*************************************************************************
	> File Name: mysql.cpp
	> Author: mouse
	> Mail: 2395360675@qq.com
	> Created Time: Tue 07 Nov 2017 04:19:27 PM CST
 ************************************************************************/
 
 #include "mmysql.h"
 #include <iostream>
 #include <cstring>
 using namespace std;

 mmysql* mmysql::pInstall = new mmysql();

 mmysql::mmysql() {
    this->p = mysql_init(NULL);
 } 
 mmysql::~mmysql() {
    mysql_close(this->p);
 } 

 mmysql* mmysql::makeInstall() {  
    return pInstall; 
 }

 void mmysql::mysql_connect(const char* user, const char* passwd, const char* dbname) {
    if(mysql_real_connect(this->p, "localhost", user, passwd, dbname, 0, NULL, 0)) {
        // cout << "连接成功" << endl;
        // 设置编码
        mysql_query(p, "set names utf8");
    }  else {
        this->erron = 1;
    }
 }

 void mmysql::print_error() {
     switch(this->erron) {
         case 1:
            cout << "连接失败" << mysql_error(this->p) << endl;
            break;
        case 2:
            cout << "查询失败" << mysql_error(this->p) << endl;
            break;
        default:
            cout << "错误信息不存在" << endl;
            break;
     }
 }

 void mmysql::mysql_querys(const char* query) {
     if(mysql_query(this->p, query)) {
         this->erron = 2;
     }
 }

 long unsigned int mmysql::mysql_cout() {
     return mysql_affected_rows(this->p);
 }

 void mmysql::mysql_read() {
     // 释放数据
     if(this->row != NULL) {
         for(int i = 0; i < this->cow; i++ ) {
             delete[] this->tep[i];
         }
         delete[] this->tep; 
     }

     MYSQL_RES *result = mysql_store_result(this->p);
     MYSQL_ROW row;
     int cow_lenth = result->field_count;
     int row_lenth = result->row_count;
     // 数据存储
     this->tep = new string* [row_lenth];
     for( int i=0; i<row_lenth; i++) {
         this->tep[i] = new string[cow_lenth];
     }
     // 行
     this->row = row_lenth;
     // 列
     this->cow = cow_lenth;
     for (int i = 0; i < row_lenth; i++) {
         row = mysql_fetch_row(result);
         for( int j = 0; j < cow_lenth; j++ ) {
             this->tep[i][j] = row[j];
         }
     }
     // 释放数据
     mysql_free_result(result);
 }

 int main() {
      mmysql *pInstall = mmysql::makeInstall();
      pInstall->mysql_connect("root", "zjf199694", "test");
      pInstall->mysql_querys("select * from test");
      pInstall->mysql_read();
      pInstall->mysql_querys("select * from test");
      for(int i = 0; i < pInstall->row; i++) {
         for(int j = 0; j < pInstall->cow; j++) {
             cout << pInstall->tep[i][j] << "\t";
         } 
         cout << endl;
      }
      pInstall->mysql_read();
      for(int i = 0; i < pInstall->row; i++) {
         for(int j = 0; j < pInstall->cow; j++) {
             cout << pInstall->tep[i][j] << "\t";
         } 
         cout << endl;
      }
      cout << "aaa" << endl;
      return 0;
    /* MYSQL *p;
     p = mysql_init(NULL);
     if(!mysql_real_connect(p, "localhost", "root", "zjf199694", "test", 0, NULL, 0)) {
         cout << "无法连接数据库" << mysql_error(p);
         return -1;
     }
     mysql_query(p, "set names utf8");
     if(mysql_query(p, "select * from test")) {
         cout << "查询失败" << mysql_error(p);
         return -1;
     }
     MYSQL_RES* result = mysql_store_result(p);
     cout << result->field_count << endl;
     cout << result->row_count << endl;
     MYSQL_ROW row;
     while(row = mysql_fetch_row(result)) {
         cout << row[0] << endl;
     }
     mysql_free_result(result);
     mysql_close(p);
     cout << "aaa" << endl;
     return 0;
     */
 }

运行结果：