rabbitmq简单使用

docker安装rabbitmq

docker run -di --name=rabbitmq -p 15672:15672 -p 5672:5672 \
-e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_USER=admin -e RABBITMQ_DEFAULT_PASS=admin rabbitmq

如果执行上面指令安装完成无法访问页面的话，进入容器执行如下命令即可

docker exec -it rabbitmq bash
#在容器里面执行如下命令,启用web管理插件
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
#配置rabbitmq报500错误码问题
cd /etc/rabbitmq/conf.d/
#下面变量配置为false
echo management_agent.disable_metrics_collector = false > management_agent.disable_metrics_collector.conf
#退出容器
exit
#重启容器
docker restart rabbitmq

构建java环境，在pom文件里面导入如下依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
    <artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
    <version>5.16.0</version>
</dependency>

新建producer生产者

public class TestProducer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //获取连接
        Connection connection = getConnection();
        //创建通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        while (true){
            /**
            * 参数详解
            * 1-exchange 交换机名称 ""-代表默认交换机
            * 2-routing-key 路由（队列名） 
            * 3-props 关联属性
            * 4-body 消息体
            */
            channel.basicPublish("","hello",null,"hello world!".getBytes());
            System.out.println("消息发送成功");
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        }
    }
    public static Connection getConnection(){
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/test-1"); //v-host
        connectionFactory.setUsername("admin");//用户名
        connectionFactory.setPassword("admin");//密码
        connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.252.129");//ip地址
        connectionFactory.setPort(5672);//端口号
        try{
            return connectionFactory.newConnection();
        }catch (IOException | TimeoutException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
            throw new RuntimeException("获取连接失败");
        }
    }

创建消费者consumer

public class TestConsumer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Connection connection = getConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        //声明队列,防止生产者未启动导致队列不存在而报错
        /**
         * 1.queue 队列名称
         * 2.durable 是否持久化
         * 3.exclusive 是否独占连接，队列只允许在该连接中访问
         * 4.autoDelete 自动删除
         * 5.args 参数 队列允许设置一个自定义的扩展参数
         */
        channel.queueDeclare("hello",true,false,false,null);
        DefaultConsumer defaultConsumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                System.out.println("接收到的消息:"+new String(body));
            }
        };
        /**
        * 参数详解
        * 1-queue 队列名称
        * 2-autoAck 自动确认
        * 3-callback 回调方法
        */
        channel.basicConsume("hello",true, defaultConsumer);
        //防止执行下面进行关闭退出
        System.in.read();
        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
    public static Connection getConnection(){
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/test-1");
        connectionFactory.setUsername("admin");
        connectionFactory.setPassword("admin");
        connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.252.129");
        connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
        try{
            return connectionFactory.newConnection();
        }catch (IOException | TimeoutException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
            throw new RuntimeException("获取连接失败");
        }
    }
}

效果如下

springboot 整合rabbitmq

pom文件导入如下依赖

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.3</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

配置application.yml如下

server:
  port: 9000
spring:
  rabbitmq:
    virtual-host: /test-1 #这个是自己登录rabbitmq后台新建的
    port: 5672
    host: 192.168.252.129
    username: admin
    password: admin

监听消费者

/**
* 使用用两个消费者监听同一个队列
*/
@Component
public class ListenConsumer {
    @RabbitListener(queues = "hello")
    @RabbitHandler
    public void consumer(String msg, Channel channel, Message message){
        System.out.println("1:"+msg);
    }
    @RabbitListener(queues = "hello")
    @RabbitHandler
    public void consumer2(String msg, Channel channel, Message message){
        System.out.println("2:"+msg);
    }
}

在控制器作为生产者

@RestController
public class RabbitmqController {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    @PostMapping("/sendMq")
    public String sendMq(@RequestParam("message") String message){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("hello",message);
        return "send ok";
    }
}

可以看出如上是进行的一个轮询操作，平均分配消息