创建、复制图像
emptyImage = np.zeros(img.shape, np.uint8)
emptyImage2 = img.copy()
图像缩放
差值方法默认双线性:
INTER_NEAREST最近邻插值
INTER_LINEAR 双线性插值
INTER_AREA像素区域关系进行重采样
INTER_CUBIC4x4像素邻域的双三次插值
INTER_LANCZOS48x8像素邻域的Lanczos插值
img = cv2.resize(img, (w, h), interpolation=cv2.INTER_LINEAR)
from PIL import Image
im.resize(size, resample=Image.BICUBIC)
#resample默认BICUBIC,还有NEAREST, BILINEAR, BICUBIC, LANCZOS, BOX, HAMMING
图像模糊
cv2.blur(src,dst,Size=(5,5),Point(-1,-1)) #平均模糊(原图、生成的模糊图、核大小、中心点定位)
cv2.GaussianBlur(src,dst,Size=(5,5),σx,σy):高斯模糊(σx,σy为x、y方向的标准差,设置0系统自动计算)
cv2.medianBlur(src,dst,i):中值滤波(i为核的大小,必须为奇数)
cv2.bilateralFilter(src,dst,i,σColor,σSpace):双边滤波(σColor颜色空间标准差、σSpace坐标空间标准差,设置0系统自动计算)
cv2.ximgproc.guidedFilter(guide=img_bgr, src=img_bgr, radius=16, eps=2000, dDepth=-1)
cv2.ximgproc.dtFilter(np.float32(img_bgr), np.float32(img_bgr), 30, 100)
#高斯模糊滤波
blurred = cv2.GaussianBlur(img, (17,17), 0)
图像灰度化、二值化
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
th, img = cv2.threshold(img,127,255,cv2.THRESH_BINARY) #(黑白二值)
th, img = cv2.threshold(img,127,255,cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV) #(黑白二值反转)
th, img = cv2.threshold(img,127,255,cv2.THRESH_TRUNC) #(得到的图像为多像素值)
th, img = cv2.threshold(img,127,255,cv2.THRESH_TOZERO)
th, img = cv2.threshold(img,127,255,cv2.THRESH_TOZERO_INV)
th, img = cv2.threshold(img, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_OTSU) #大津法二值化
四个参数,第一个原图像,第二个进行分类的阈值,第三个是高于(低于)阈值时赋予的新值,第四个是方法
腐蚀膨胀、开闭运算
kernel = np.ones((5,5),np.uint8)
erosion = cv2.erode(img,kernel,iterations = 1) #腐蚀
dilation = cv2.dilate(img,kernel,iterations = 1) #膨胀
opening = cv2.morphologyEx(img, cv2.MORPH_OPEN, kernel)#开运算去除噪声(先腐蚀)
closing = cv2.morphologyEx(img, cv2.MORPH_CLOSE, kernel)#闭运算填充小孔洞(先膨胀)
孔洞填充
def fillHole(im_in):
hole=im_in.copy()
cv2.floodFill(hole,None,(0,0),255) # 找到洞孔
hole=cv2.bitwise_not(hole)
im_out=cv2.bitwise_or(im_in,hole)
return im_out
mask = fillHole(mask)#填充孔洞