Stream toMap IllegalStateException:Duplicate key

集合进行stream操作，Collectors.toMap转换成map时，如果list集合中有重复数据，更确切的说，是作为key的实例的属性值，存在重复，下面的写法就会报错：

List<User> a = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i=0;i<5;i++) {
            User u = new User();
            u.setName("a");
            u.setHome("b");
            a.add(u);
        }
Map<String, User> collect = a.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(User::getName, t -> t));

错误：

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalStateException: Duplicate key a (attempted merging values User{name='a', home='b'} and User{name='a', home='b'})
	at java.base/java.util.stream.Collectors.duplicateKeyException(Collectors.java:133)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.Collectors.lambda$uniqKeysMapAccumulator$1(Collectors.java:180)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReduceOps$3ReducingSink.accept(ReduceOps.java:169)
	at java.base/java.util.ArrayList$ArrayListSpliterator.forEachRemaining(ArrayList.java:1655)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:484)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:474)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReduceOps$ReduceOp.evaluateSequential(ReduceOps.java:913)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.collect(ReferencePipeline.java:578)
	at com.shebao.controller.TestController.main(TestController.java:25)

这是因为使用方法时没有指定mergeFunction

    public static <T, K, U>
    Collector<T, ?, Map<K,U>> toMap(Function<? super T, ? extends K> keyMapper,
                                    Function<? super T, ? extends U> valueMapper) {
        return new CollectorImpl<>(HashMap::new,
                                   uniqKeysMapAccumulator(keyMapper, valueMapper),
                                   uniqKeysMapMerger(),
                                   CH_ID);
    }

uniqKeysMapAccumulator这个方法，没有指定mergeFunction时会在key重复了的时候直接丢出

if (u != null) throw duplicateKeyException(k, u, v);

解决方法：

指定mergeFunction,方法如下：

a.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(User::getName, t -> t,(oldValue,newValue) -> newValue));

(oldValue,newValue) -> newValue这里指定了当重复的时候，使用新的值。

可以看看源码写法：

    public static <T, K, U>
    Collector<T, ?, Map<K,U>> toMap(Function<? super T, ? extends K> keyMapper,
                                    Function<? super T, ? extends U> valueMapper,
                                    BinaryOperator<U> mergeFunction) {
        return toMap(keyMapper, valueMapper, mergeFunction, HashMap::new);
    }