centos7部署PXE脚本-亲测可用

部署环境：centos7.9（带图形）

 

网络：外网通

注意事项：此脚本在虚拟化环境中运行有几点注意事项，详情请参考作者抖音号：bdqnpeng（有视频讲解），或作者个人主页：PXE脚本使用-实验状态|彭大帅不太帅|网络安全|linux|华为|思科-彭大帅不太帅

生产状态使用请私信留言即可!

PXE 服务器配置需要高一点，cpu请开启虚拟化支持！

 我们直接将脚本复制到centos7主机上。（在主机上创建一个文件，将以下脚本拷贝进去保存即可）

#!/bin/bash
#function:install PXEServer
#author:tommypeng 20220708 final version
###############root用户判断#######################
if
  [  "$USER"  != "root"   ]
then
   echo "错误：非root用户，权限不足！"
  exit  0
fi
############防火墙与高级权限##########
systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld  && echo "防火墙已经关闭"
sed -i 's/SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/g'  /etc/selinux/config  && echo "关闭selinux"
##############脚本运行前置条件#################
echo  "主机需要挂载centos7镜像"
echo  "实验环境请添加创建仅主机网卡，防止DHCP冲突,非实验环境请忽略此提示！"
sleep  5
read -p  "以上环境是否已经符合要求？请输入yes 或者 no  ："   guaiguai
case $guaiguai in
    yes)
    echo  "真是个乖孩子"
    ;;
    no)
    echo  "完犊子了，因为你的不听话，只能退出脚本运行了，你还是慢慢敲命令吧！"
    exit 0
    ;;
    *)
     echo "你好像不认识汉字也不认识英文，要不要我推荐你去厚街小学上学啊"
    exit 1
esac
    
    

ping   -c  3  www.baidu.com
if
  [ $? = 0 ]
  then
    echo "外网通讯良好！"
  else
    echo  "丫的你在逗我吗？网都没有安装个毛线！"
   exit  1
fi
  
###########网络配置############
read  -p  "请输入您的仅主机网卡名："  ppo
onlyhostIP=$(ip a  | grep "inet "|grep "$ppo" | awk '{print $2}' | awk  -F '/' '{print $1}')
onlyhostMASk=$(ip a  | grep "inet "|grep "$ppo" | awk '{print $2}' | awk  -F '/' '{print $2}')
A=$(echo "$onlyhostIP"  | awk -F . '{print $1}')
B=$(echo "$onlyhostIP"  | awk -F . '{print $2}')
C=$(echo "$onlyhostIP"  | awk -F . '{print $3}')
SS1="$A.$B.$C.1"
SS2="$A.$B.$C"
if [  -f  "/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$ppo" ]
then
   rm -f /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$ppo
fi

echo "#HWADDR=00:0C:29:F1:B0:E9
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
#IPADDR=192.168.145.128
#PREFIX=24
#GATEWAY=192.168.145.1
#DNS1=192.168.145.1
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
#NAME=$'\746\634\611\747\672\677\750\677\636\746\616\645 1'
UUID=2d182d1c-56e1-323f-be1a-d4ae07b1f614
ONBOOT=yes
AUTOCONNECT_PRIORITY=-999"  >>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$ppo

echo "IPADDR=$onlyhostIP" >>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$ppo
echo "PREFIX=$onlyhostMASK" >>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$ppo
echo "GATEWAY=$SS1" >>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$ppo
echo "DNS1=$SS1" >>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$ppo
echo "NAME=$PPO" >>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$ppo
echo "DEVICE=$PPO" >>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$ppo
ifdown  $ppo   && ifup $ppo  &&  echo "$ppo重启网卡成功"
ifdown  "system*"
##########创建安装目录##########
cd /var/ftp/  &&  mkdir centos7u4
################DHCP#############
yum install dhcp -y   
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
  echo "DHCP安装成功"
else  
   echo "完犊子了，出现致命错误，即将退出"
    exit  1
fi
#################DHCP配置##########
####cp -f /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.2.5/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
cat >> /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf <<EOF
# dhcpd.conf
#
# Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd
#

# option definitions common to all supported networks...
log-facility local7;
subnet $SS2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
        range $SS2.20  $SS2.100;
        option routers $SS2.2;
        option domain-name-servers centos7.expample.com;
        default-lease-time 600; 
        max-lease-time 7200;
        next-server $onlyhostIP;
        filename "pxelinux.0";
}
option domain-name "centos7.expample.com";
option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;

default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;

# Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updates globally.
#ddns-update-style none;

# If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local
# network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.
#authoritative;

# Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also
# have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).
log-facility local7;

# No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the 
# DHCP server to understand the network topology.

subnet 10.152.187.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
}

# This is a very basic subnet declaration.

subnet 10.254.239.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 {
  range 10.254.239.10 10.254.239.20;
  option routers rtr-239-0-1.example.org, rtr-239-0-2.example.org;
}

# This declaration allows BOOTP clients to get dynamic addresses,
# which we don't really recommend.

subnet 10.254.239.32 netmask 255.255.255.224 {
  range dynamic-bootp 10.254.239.40 10.254.239.60;
  option broadcast-address 10.254.239.31;
  option routers rtr-239-32-1.example.org;
}

# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.
subnet 10.5.5.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 {
  range 10.5.5.26 10.5.5.30;
  option domain-name-servers ns1.internal.example.org;
  option domain-name "internal.example.org";
  option routers 10.5.5.1;
  option broadcast-address 10.5.5.31;
  default-lease-time 600;
  max-lease-time 7200;
}

# Hosts which require special configuration options can be listed in
# host statements.   If no address is specified, the address will be
# allocated dynamically (if possible), but the host-specific information
# will still come from the host declaration.

host passacaglia {
  hardware ethernet 0:0:c0:5d:bd:95;
  filename "vmunix.passacaglia";
  server-name "toccata.fugue.com";
}

# Fixed IP addresses can also be specified for hosts.   These addresses
# should not also be listed as being available for dynamic assignment.
# Hosts for which fixed IP addresses have been specified can boot using
# BOOTP or DHCP.   Hosts for which no fixed address is specified can only
# be booted with DHCP, unless there is an address range on the subnet
# to which a BOOTP client is connected which has the dynamic-bootp flag
# set.
host fantasia {
  hardware ethernet 08:00:07:26:c0:a5;
  fixed-address fantasia.fugue.com;
}

# You can declare a class of clients and then do address allocation
# based on that.   The example below shows a case where all clients
# in a certain class get addresses on the 10.17.224/24 subnet, and all
# other clients get addresses on the 10.0.29/24 subnet.

class "foo" {
  match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 4) = "SUNW";
}

shared-network 224-29 {
  subnet 10.17.224.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
    option routers rtr-224.example.org;
  }
  subnet 10.0.29.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
    option routers rtr-29.example.org;
  }
  pool {
    allow members of "foo";
    range 10.17.224.10 10.17.224.250;
  }
  pool {
    deny members of "foo";
    range 10.0.29.10 10.0.29.230;
  }
}
EOF
###########安装syslinux，tftp服务##################
yum install syslinux -y  
sleep 5
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
  echo "syslinux安装成功"
else  
   echo "完犊子了，出现致命错误，即将退出"
    exit  1
fi
yum install tftp-server -y 
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
  echo "tftp-server安装成功"
else  
   echo "完犊子了，出现致命错误，即将退出"
    exit  1
fi
sleep 5
sed -i 's/disable  =  yes/disable  =  no/g' /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
sed -i '14s/yes/no/g'  /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0   /var/lib/tftpboot  &&   cd /var/lib/tftpboot/
##########创建安装目录##########
cd /var/ftp/  &&  mkdir centos7u4
cd /var/lib/tftpboot/  &&  mkdir centos7u4
################安装vsftp服务####################
yum install vsftpd -y  
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
  echo "vsftpd安装成功"
else  
   echo "完犊子了，出现致命错误，即将退出"
    exit  1
fi
sleep 5
mkdir /var/ftp/centos7   &&  mount /dev/cdrom  /var/ftp/centos7/  
cd   /var/ftp/centos7/images/pxeboot/   &&  cp initrd.img vmlinuz  /var/lib/tftpboot/   &&  echo  "初始化与压缩内核已经复制到TFTP站点中"
##############编辑启动菜单default配置文件################
 mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg  
 cat >> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default << EOF
 default auto
prompt 1

label auto
        kernel vmlinuz
        append initrd=initrd.img method=ftp://$onlyhostIP/centos7  ks=ftp://$onlyhostIP/ks.cfg

label linux text
        kernel vmlinuz
        append text initrd=initrd.img method=ftp://$onlyhostIP/centos7

label linux rescue
        kernel vmlinuz
        append rescue initrd=initrd.img method=ftp://$onlyhostIP/centos7
EOF
#################启动服务###################
###systemctl start dhcpd  &&  systemctl start tftp  &&  systemctl start vsftpd  &&  echo "所有服务均启动"
###########应答##########
yum install system-config-kickstart -y
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
  echo "kickstart安装成功"
else  
   echo "完犊子了，出现致命错误，即将退出"
    exit  1
fi 
##################应答文件################
cat  >> /var/ftp/ks.cfg  <<EOF
#platform=x86, AMD64, 或 Intel EM64T
#version=DEVEL
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Keyboard layouts
keyboard 'us'
# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $1$MWRlRqh4$ctIOAjZTrJfPUOwjDEfN0/    
#########Pxg-1981
# System language
lang zh_CN
# System authorization information
auth  --useshadow  --passalgo=sha512
# Use graphical install
graphical
firstboot --enable
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled


# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# Network information
network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=ens33
# Reboot after installation
reboot
# System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai
# Use network installation
url --url="ftp://$onlyhostIP/centos7"
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all
# Disk partitioning information
part home --fstype="xfs" --size=4096
part boot --fstype="xfs" --size=500
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=4096
part / --fstype="xfs" --grow --size=1

%packages
@^gnome-desktop-environment
@base
@core
@desktop-debugging
@development
@dial-up
@directory-client
@fonts
@gnome-desktop
@guest-agents
@guest-desktop-agents
@input-methods
@internet-browser
@java-platform
@multimedia
@network-file-system-client
@networkmanager-submodules
@print-client
@x11
chrony
kexec-tools

%end


%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'
 
%end
EOF
###############启动服务##############
echo "请到虚拟网络编辑器关闭仅主机网络的DHCP服务器，二十秒后本机将重启"
systemctl enable dhcpd  &&  systemctl enable tftp  &&  systemctl enable vsftpd  
               	echo -e "\n\033[32m-----------------------------------------------\033[0m"
                	echo -e "\033[32m重启后请重新运行光盘挂载命令：mount /dev/cdrom  /var/ftp/centos7/\033[0m"
sleep  20
reboot

脚本运行过程中需要您确认环境是否符合要求，比如是否创建了仅主机网卡，符合要求请输入yes，脚本会继续运行。

还需要根据提示输入仅主机网卡的名称查看方法如下：

 那么我们输入ens37回车即可。

请注意，在安装过程中我们需要手动切换一下ens33网卡，保持外网通讯，不然yum安装会失败（实验状态一点小bug）

 保证上图以太网ens33网卡一直保持在ens33上（左边的黑点标记）

只要默默等待脚本运行完就行。

脚本最后会提示自动重启，重启后需要运行一条命令重新挂载一下光盘镜像。

命令如下：mount /dev/cdrom  /var/ftp/centos7/

主机重启过程中，我们需要在虚拟网络编辑器中关闭仅主机网络的DHCP服务（此服务现在由我们部署的PXEServer提供了，防止冲突）

 这样服务端就算部署好了。

我们新建一台虚拟机，选择系统随后安装，添加仅主机网卡，然后从固件启动，修改第一启动项为网卡，该机启动后，PXEServer会给其派发IP，推送内核，完成自动安装。

（注意：从安全考虑，被推送系统的主机需要您在看到boot时回车一下确认一下）

另，安装好系统重启后需要调整bios启动顺序，或者将PXEServer主机关闭。

生产状态想使用此脚本注意事项请留言！！！！