黑猴子的家：mysql-5.7.26 在 centos 7.6上安装

1、卸载mariadb

查找

[alex@hadoop102 mysqlrpm5.7.26]$ rpm -qa | grep -i mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64

卸载

[alex@hadoop102 mysqlrpm5.7.26]$ sudo rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
PS：centos7.6自带的类mysql数据库是mariadb，会跟mysql冲突，要先删除

2、上传

[alex@hadoop102 software]$ wget \
http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

[alex@hadoop102 software]$ ls -l
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 530882560 Mar  4 11:07 mysql-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

3、修改文件权限

[alex@hadoop102 software]$ sudo chown alex:alex mysql-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[alex@hadoop102 software]$ ls -l
-rw-r--r--  1 alex alex 530882560 Mar  4 11:07 mysql-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

4、解压

[alex@hadoop102 software]$ mkdir mysqlrpm5.7.26
[alex@hadoop102 software]$ tar -xvf mysql-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar -C mysqlrpm5.7.26/

5、赋予权限

[alex@hadoop102 software]$ cd mysqlrpm5.7.26/
[alex@hadoop102 mysqlrpm5.7.26]$ chmod 755 ./*

6、删除多余文件rpm包

[alex@hadoop102 mysqlrpm5.7.26]$ rm -rf \
mysql-community-test-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
[alex@hadoop102 mysqlrpm5.7.26]$ rm -rf mysql-community-embedded-*
[alex@hadoop102 mysqlrpm5.7.26]$ rm -rf \
mysql-community-devel-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

7、安装mysql

1)方式一

一条命令安装多个rpm包

[alex@hadoop102 mysqlrpm5.7.26]$ sudo rpm -Uvh --nodeps --force *.rpm
warning: mysql-community-client-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-common-5.7.26-1.e################################# [ 20%]
   2:mysql-community-libs-5.7.26-1.el7################################# [ 40%]
   3:mysql-community-client-5.7.26-1.e################################# [ 60%]
   4:mysql-community-server-5.7.26-1.e################################# [ 80%]
   5:mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.2################################# [100%]

2)方式二

[alex@hadoop102 mysqlrpm5.7.26]$ rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[alex@hadoop102 mysqlrpm5.7.26]$ rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[alex@hadoop102 mysqlrpm5.7.26]$ rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[alex@hadoop102 mysqlrpm5.7.26]$ rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[alex@hadoop102 mysqlrpm5.7.26]$ rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

8、启动mysql

[alex@hadoop102 ~]$ sudo systemctl start mysqld.service

9、查看mysql默认密码

[alex@hadoop102 ~]$ grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
2022-03-04T03:26:44.148737Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: watu1Hi>n>ky

10、登陆

[alex@hadoop102 ~]$ mysql -u'root' -p'watu1Hi>n>ky'
mysql>

11、设置mysql密码

1)配置密码安全策略

方式一

mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;

方式二 需要重启mysql服务

[alex@hadoop102 ~]$ sudo vim /etc/my.cnf
global validate_password_policy=0
validate_password_policy=0
validate_password_length=1
port=3306

2)重置密码

mysql> set password=password('QWE!000000qwe!');

3)刷新

mysql> flush privileges;

12、配置mysql允许远程访问

1)查看user表结构

mysql> show databases;
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> show tables;
mysql> desc user;

2)查看user表内容

mysql> select user,host,authentication_string from user;

3)修改表内容

mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';

4)刷新

mysql> flush privileges;

5)关闭防火墙

[alex@hadoop102 ~]$ sudo systemctl stop firewalld.service
[alex@hadoop102 ~]$ sudo systemctl disable firewalld.service

13、mysql 数据定时备份

1)mysql_db_backup.sh

[alex@hadoop102 ~]$ vim mysql_db_backup.sh
#!/bin/bash
#备份目录
BACKUP=/opt/module/databack/mysql/db

#当前时间
DATETIME=$(date +%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S)
echo $DATETIME

# 数据库地址
HOST=localhost

# 数据库用户名
DB_USER="root"

# 数据库密码
DB_PW='QWE!000000qwe!'

#备份的数据库名称
DATABASE='flink'

#创建备份目录，如果不存在，就创建
[ ! -d "${BACKUP}/${DATETIME}" ] && mkdir -p "${BACKUP}/${DATETIME}"

#备份数据库
mysqldump -u${DB_USER} -p${DB_PW} --host=${HOST} -q -R --databases $DATABASE | gzip > ${BACKUP}/${DATETIME}/${DATETIME}.sql.gz

#将文件处理成 tar.gz
cd $BACKUP
tar -czvf ${DATETIME}.tar.gz $DATETIME

#删除对应的备份目录
rm -rf ${BACKUP}/${DATETIME}

# 删除 10 天前的备份文件
find $BACKUP -atime +10 -name "*.tar.gz" -exec rm -rf {} \;

echo "备份数据库${DATABASE} 成功~"

2)crontab

[alex@hadoop102 ~]$ sudo crontab -e
30 2 * * * /usr/local/bin/mysql_db_backup.sh

14、mysql 忘记密码

1)修改 my.cnf 配置文件

[alex@hadoop102 ~]$ sudo vim /etc/my.cnf
skip-grant-tables

2)重启服务

[alex@hadoop102 ~]$ sudo systemctl restart mysqld.service

3)免密登陆

[alex@hadoop102 ~]$ mysql -u root -p