Centos7.6安装mysql5.7

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已于 2024-01-08 14:34:38 修改

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分类专栏： Mysql 文章标签： mysql 数据库

于 2023-04-10 21:42:37 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33445829/article/details/130068864

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该文详细介绍了在Linux环境下下载并安装MySQL5.7的步骤，包括关闭防火墙和SELINUX，修改hosts文件，卸载MariaDB，创建用户和目录，配置my.cnf文件，设置系统服务，初始化数据库，设定环境变量，以及登录和用户授权操作。

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下载

MySQL Product Archives<MySQL Community Server (Archived Versions)

cd /opt && wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.40-el7-x86_64.tar
tar -xvf /opt/mysql-5.7.40-el7-x86_64.tar
cd /usr/local && tar -zxvf /opt/mysql-5.7.40-el7-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.40-el7-x86_64 mysql

关闭防火墙

# 检查防火墙状态
systemctl status firewalld.service
# 暂时关闭防火墙，下次启动时防火墙仍随系统启动而启动
systemctl stop firewalld.service
# 彻底永久关闭防火墙
systemctl disable firewalld.service
# 关闭SELINUX防火墙
sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config

修改/etc/hosts文件

echo '101.34.75.200 txy-m2' >> /etc/hosts

卸载mariadb

rpm -qa | grep mysql 
rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps

创建用户和目录

mkdir -p /data/mysql/data
mkdir -p /data/mysql/log
mkdir -p /data/mysql/log-bin
useradd mysql
passwd mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql

创建my.cnf文件

echo '[mysqld]
# GENERAL #
user = mysql
collation_server=utf8mb4_general_ci
character_set_server=utf8mb4
default-storage-engine = InnoDB
socket = /data/mysql/data/mysql.sock
pid-file = /data/mysql/data/mysql.pid
port = 3306
# MyISAM #
key_buffer_size = 1000M
#myisam_recover = FORCE,BACKUP
# SAFETY #
max_allowed_packet = 16M
max_connect_errors = 1000000
skip_name_resolve
# DATA STORAGE #
datadir = /data/mysql/data/
long_query_time = 1
# BINARY LOGGING #
binlog-format = ROW
log-bin = /data/mysql/log-bin/mysql-bin-3306
expire-logs-days = 14
sync-binlog = 1
max_binlog_size = 500M
# enable gtid mode
gtid_mode = on
enforce_gtid_consistency = on
# CACHES AND LIMITS #
tmp_table_size = 32M
max_heap_table_size = 32M
max_connections = 500
thread_cache_size = 50
open_files_limit = 65535
table_definition_cache = 4096
table_open_cache = 4096
# INNODB #
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:128M;ibdata2:10M:autoextend
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_thread_concurrency = 8
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 8G
# LOGGING #
log-error = /data/mysql/log/mysql-error-3306.log
log-queries-not-using-indexes = 1
slow-query-log = 1
long_query_time = 1
slow-query-log-file = /data/mysql/log/mysql-slow-3306.log
server-id = 1
[client]
default_character-set=utf8mb4' > /etc/my.cnf

配置系统服务

cp -af /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
vi /etc/init.d/mysqld
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql/data

/etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on
# 检查是否成功
chkconfig mysqld --list

添加环境变量

echo 'export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
export PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin' >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile

初始化数据库

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data
systemctl start mysqld
ln -s /data/mysql/data/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock

# 查看root密码
grep 'root@localhost' /data/mysql/log/mysql-error-3306.log |  awk -F'root@localhost: ' '{print $2}'
mysql -uroot -p")JhneYFmE1he"
# 修改数据库密码
set password=password("root");
flush privileges;
# 创建用户
create user 'root'@'%' identified by 'root';
# 授权
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%';
flush privileges;