python-scrapy模拟登陆网站--登陆青果教务管理系统（一）

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-28 23:54:58 发布

耿子666

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-28 23:54:58 发布

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分类专栏： python-scrapy ④------Python------ 文章标签：登陆 scrapy requests 模拟登陆教务系统

本文为博主原创文章，未经博主允许不得转载。-QQ1164014750-微信公众号：耿子blog

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_28817739/article/details/80119328

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④------Python------ 同时被 2 个专栏收录

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前言：

第一篇，分析青果教务管理系统登陆模块，理清思路

第二篇，使用常规的python常用库 requests来实现模拟登陆

第三篇，使用scrapy来实现模拟登陆

目的在于了解模拟登陆网站的要点和方法，了解http请求的一些知识。

（1）本例子背景介绍

青果教务管理系统是许多大学正在使用的教务管理系统，现在市面上我知道使用比较多的两个教务系统，一个是青果教务管理系统（大概几百所，我大概查了查），一个是正方教务管理系统（官网上号称一千多所）。我们来看一下，这两个教务系统的登陆界面（这里找了两个大学的教务登陆界面）：

说实话啊，都不好看。曾经我也用java模拟登陆过青果教务，但是没有成功。这次我又重新尝试了一下，成功了。

虽然我没有模拟登陆过正方教务，但是两个大同小异。下面我会介绍其中的一些细节，如果对python不太熟悉的，也可以用java实现，原理都是一样的。

（2）准备工作

1、登陆的账号，密码

想必能看到这一篇文章的也就是大学生了。所以我就假设大家有青果教务管理系统的账号密码。（没有也行，但是你就不能验证你是否成功了。）

2、分析需要登陆的青果教务网站

2.1、访问主页面

需要用到的工具 goole浏览器，Fiddler（没有也行，抓包用的）。

网址：http://jwglxt.aynu.edu.cn/ 这个是我学校的教务管理的地址

在访问之前，打开goole 浏览器的控制台（F12），访问

看见登陆模块：

其中控制台：

我们会发现，首先请求了 http://jwglxt.aynu.edu.cn/

然后又请求了登陆模块的这个链接：http://jwglxt.aynu.edu.cn/_data/home_login.aspx

（我们想看关注的请求的时候，可以看下type类型，document文档一般都是我们需要看的。还可以看下Name 的名称，你感觉挺相识的就可以看看。）

我们来看下home_login.aspx的链接，发现对应就是登陆的(这里只是乱码)，其中下面有 Headers，preview，response，cookies。都可以点开看看。我们说到哪里看哪里。

2.2、正常登陆请求

请求前，先清空一下控制台

我们先使用错误的账号密码，登陆一次。

肯定提示登陆失败，我们来观察控制台：

我们主要关注 login请求发送的地址，发送的参数等

首先登陆的网址：http://jwglxt.aynu.edu.cn/_data/home_login.aspx

请求的参数（好多）：

__VIEWSTATE: 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
pcInfo: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36undefined5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36 SN:NULL
typeName: (unable to decode value)
dsdsdsdsdxcxdfgfg: 0AA23E6EF9E0255322E98E6EE6A118
fgfggfdgtyuuyyuuckjg: F2ED41A0A0E7D33C6E9183D98D5954
Sel_Type: STU
txt_asmcdefsddsd: 1111
txt_pewerwedsdfsdff: 
txt_sdertfgsadscxcadsads:

在请求的参数中，好像并没有我们的账号和密码。那是因为这一部分做了加密处理。而且它额外携带了几个参数。

我们可以看下登陆这一块的源码：

我们找到整个 from 表单：

<form name="Logon" method="post" action="home_login.aspx" id="Logon" οnsubmit="return ChkValue();" autocomplete="off">
	<input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATE" value="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">

			<input id="pcInfo" type="hidden" name="pcInfo" value="Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36undefined5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36 SN:NULL">
			<input id="typeName" type="hidden" name="typeName" value="学生">
			<input type="hidden" id="dsdsdsdsdxcxdfgfg" name="dsdsdsdsdxcxdfgfg">
			<input type="hidden" id="fgfggfdgtyuuyyuuckjg" name="fgfggfdgtyuuyyuuckjg">
			<table width="100%" height="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
				<tbody><tr><td width="100%" height="175" align="center">
					<table height="160" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0">
					<tbody><tr>
						<td align="center" width="50" height="26" colspan="2" style="padding-left:2px;">
							<img width="180px" style="margin-left:5px" src="../images/home/h_userlogin.gif">
						</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td align="center" width="50" height="26" style="color:white;">身　份</td>
						<td valign="top" height="26">
							<select style="WIDTH: 136px" οnchange="SelType(this)" name="Sel_Type">
								<option value="STU" usrid="学　号">学生</option>
<option value="TEA" usrid="工　号">教师教辅人员</option>
<option value="SYS" usrid="帐　号">管理人员</option>
<option value="ADM" usrid="帐　号">门户维护员</option>

							</select>
						</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td id="UID" align="center" width="50" height="26" style="color:white;">学　号</td>
						<td valign="top" height="26"><input name="txt_asmcdefsddsd" id="txt_asmcdefsddsd" type="text" class="tx1" style="WIDTH: 134px; HEIGHT: 20px" maxlength="20" autocomplete="off" value="1111">
						</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td nowrap="" id="PWD" align="center" width="50" height="26" style="color:white;">密　码</td>
						<td valign="top" width="120" height="26">
						<input class="tx1" id="txt_pewerwedsdfsdff" style="WIDTH:134px;HEIGHT:20px" type="password" maxlength="25" name="txt_pewerwedsdfsdff" autocomplete="off" οnblur="chkpwd(this)" οnkeyup="chkpwd(this)">
						</td>						
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td align="center" width="50" height="26" style="color:white;">验证码</td>
						<td height="26">
						<input class="tx1" οnclick="showvc()" οnfοcus="showvc()" id="txt_sdertfgsadscxcadsads" name="txt_sdertfgsadscxcadsads" style="WIDTH:50px;HEIGHT:20px;margin-bottom:4px;" maxlength="4" autocomplete="off" οnblur="chkyzm(this)" οnkeyup="chkyzm(this)">
						<img id="imgCode" src="../sys/ValidateCode.aspx?t=198" οnclick="changeValidateCode(this)" alt="单击可更换图片！" style="display:none;WIDTH:80px;HEIGHT:20px;CURSOR:pointer;margin:0px;">						
						</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>										
						<td valign="bottom" align="center" height="26" colspan="2">  
						<input class="btnlogin" type="submit" value="">
						<input class="btnforget" style="CURSOR:pointer;" type="button" value="" name="btnGetStuPwd" id="btnGetStuPwd" οnclick="openWinLog("ReSet_PassWord.aspx",600,300)"><input class="btnreset" name="btnReset" id="btnReset" style="CURSOR:pointer;display:none" type="reset" value="">
						</td>
					</tr>
								
				</tbody></table>
				</td></tr>
				<tr><td height="35">
					<div align="center"><span id="divLogNote"><font color="White">验证码错误！<br>登录失败！</font></span></div>
				</td></tr>
			</tbody></table>
		</form>

其中，我们会发现很多隐藏元素，在很多网站上的登陆有这种额外的字段。

__VIEWSTATE ，pcInfo，typeName 就和请求的参数对上了。

注意：在我们看到的请求参数中 typeName: (unable to decode value) 这里其实是一个“学生”，但是编码方式不对，所有没有显示出来。

那 dsdsdsdsdxcxdfgfg 和 fgfggfdgtyuuyyuuckjg 的 input 中是没有 value 属性的，说明这两个值是通过 js 赋值进去的。

其实这两个字段一个是验证码，一个是用户密码。都通过了加密处理。可能针对不同的学校不一样，我就直接展示出来了。

看一下加密的js，这个 js 的调用，我们可以在密码和验证码的input 框上，看见

οnblur="chkyzm(this)" οnkeyup="chkyzm(this) 类似这样的。然后你再找一下整个网页上，不难发现有这两个js

function chkpwd(obj) {
    if (obj.value != '') {
        var s = md5(document.all.txt_asmcdefsddsd.value + md5(obj.value).substring(0, 30).toUpperCase() + '10479').substring(0, 30).toUpperCase();
        document.all.dsdsdsdsdxcxdfgfg.value = s;
    } else {
        document.all.dsdsdsdsdxcxdfgfg.value = obj.value;
    }
}
function chkyzm(obj) {
    if (obj.value != '') {
        var s = md5(md5(obj.value.toUpperCase()).substring(0, 30).toUpperCase() + '10479').substring(0, 30).toUpperCase();
        document.all.fgfggfdgtyuuyyuuckjg.value = s;
    } else {
        document.all.fgfggfdgtyuuyyuuckjg.value = obj.value.toUpperCase();
    }
}

chkpwd 是加密密码的，chkyzm 是加密验证码的。加密方式是 md5 一顿加密。

md5(document.all.txt_asmcdefsddsd.value + md5(obj.value).substring(0, 30).toUpperCase() + '10479').substring(0, 30).toUpperCase();

这里不过多介绍，因为网站可能不一样。我们到时候会把这些加密，编程python的写法。

其他的字段 Sel_Type ， txt_asmcdefsddsd ，txt_pewerwedsdfsdff ， txt_sdertfgsadscxcadsads 都是表单中的，由于加密了密码和验证码，密码和验证码的字段都没有再提交了。都是空值

到时候我们在模拟请求的时候，将这些参数都携带就可以了。