SpringMVC源码解析一：DispatcherServlet容器初始化

1.初始化过程：

DispatcherServlet  extends FrameworkServlet  
FrameworkServlet extends HttpServletBean implements ApplicationContextAware
HttpServletBean extends HttpServlet implements EnvironmentCapable, EnvironmentAware
HttpServletBean重写了其父类GenericServlet的init方法（在启动Tomcat的时候会进入init方法）

HttpServletBean中的init（）方法：

	public final void init() throws ServletException {
		if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
			logger.debug("Initializing servlet '" + getServletName() + "'");
		}

		// Set bean properties from init parameters.
		//ServletConfigPropertyValues是HttpServletBean的内部静态类，它负责取到web.xml中contextConfigLocation，
		// 并addPropertyValue()，在PropertyValues可以看到取到的值
		PropertyValues pvs = new ServletConfigPropertyValues(getServletConfig(), this.requiredProperties);
		if (!pvs.isEmpty()) {
			try {
				
				BeanWrapper bw = PropertyAccessorFactory.forBeanPropertyAccess(this);
				
				//用BeanWrapper的最大好处在于，我们不需要再在HttpServletBean中定义contextConfigLocation属性，
				//并声明调用set/get方法，BeanWrapper已经帮我们做好了
				ResourceLoader resourceLoader = new ServletContextResourceLoader(getServletContext());
				bw.registerCustomEditor(Resource.class, new ResourceEditor(resourceLoader, getEnvironment()));
				
				
				initBeanWrapper(bw);
				bw.setPropertyValues(pvs, true);
			}
			catch (BeansException ex) {
				if (logger.isErrorEnabled()) {
					logger.error("Failed to set bean properties on servlet '" + getServletName() + "'", ex);
				}
				throw ex;
			}
		}

		// Let subclasses do whatever initialization they like.
		//子类实现
		initServletBean();

		if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
			logger.debug("Servlet '" + getServletName() + "' configured successfully");
		}
	}

FrameworkServlet类实现 initServletBean()方法：

		protected final void initServletBean() throws ServletException {
		getServletContext().log("Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet '" + getServletName() + "'");
		if (this.logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
			this.logger.info("FrameworkServlet '" + getServletName() + "': initialization started");
		}
		long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

		try {
			this.webApplicationContext = initWebApplicationContext();
			initFrameworkServlet();
		}
		catch (ServletException ex) {
			this.logger.error("Context initialization failed", ex);
			throw ex;
		}
		catch (RuntimeException ex) {
			this.logger.error("Context initialization failed", ex);
			throw ex;
		}

		if (this.logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
			long elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
			this.logger.info("FrameworkServlet '" + getServletName() + "': initialization completed in " +
					elapsedTime + " ms");
		}
	}

this.webApplicationContext = initWebApplicationContext();
	FrameworkServlet类实现initWebApplicationContext（）方法：
	protected WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext() {
		
		//获取根上下文，并初始化一个空的上下文
		WebApplicationContext rootContext =
				WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(getServletContext());
		WebApplicationContext wac = null;

			//不会进入if，只有上下文实例在构造的时候注入才会调用
		if (this.webApplicationContext != null) {
			// A context instance was injected at construction time -> use it
			wac = this.webApplicationContext;
			if (wac instanceof ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) {
				ConfigurableWebApplicationContext cwac = (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) wac;
				if (!cwac.isActive()) {
					// The context has not yet been refreshed -> provide services such as
					// setting the parent context, setting the application context id,