Spring Boot实战学习笔记（三）

本文为学习Spring Boot实战的学习笔记,学习了一遍,但是好记性不如烂笔头,所以文章记录下来。图书购买地址为: https://item.jd.com/11894632.html.

Spring Boot实战学习笔记1

Spring Boot实战学习笔记2

Spring Boot实战学习笔记3

Spring Boot实战学习笔记4

Spring Boot实战学习笔记5

1.Spring 基础

2.Spring 常用配置

3.Spring 高级话题

4.Spring mvc基础

5.Spring Boot基础

5.1 Spring boot概述

5.1.1 什么是spring boot

使用习惯优于配置的理念.不用或者只需要很少的spring配置.

5.1.2 Spring boot核心功能

• 1.独立运行的Spring 项目
  支持用jar包的形式运行.
• 2.内嵌Servlet容器
  内嵌Tomcat,jetty
• 3.提供starter,简化maven配置.
• 4.自动配置Spring
• 5.准生产的应用监控
  http,ssh,telnet对运行时的项目进行监控
• 6.无代码生产和XML配置

5.1.3 Spring boot优缺点

优点
- 1)快速构建项目
- 2)对主流开发框架的无配置集成
- 3)项目可以独立运行,无须外部依赖servlet容器
- 4)提供运行时的应用监控
- 5)机极大的提高了开发,部署效率
- 6)与云计算的天然集成.
缺点
- 1)书籍文档少
- 2)不认可spring,可能不习惯

5.1.4 关于本书Spring boot版本

Spring boot 1.3.0

5.2 Spring boot快速搭建

5.2.1 http://start.spring.io

进入该页面能协助创建spring boot项目.

5.2.2 Spring Tool Suite

工具不错.

5.2.3 Intellij IDEA

工具口碑好

5.2.4 Spring boot CLI

下载链接
查看10.2章节.

5.2.5 maven 手工构建

5.2.6 简单演示

@SpringBootApplication :开启自动配置.
通过maven命令: mvn spring-boot:run

6.Spring Boot核心

6.1 基本配置

6.1.1 入口类和@SpringBootApplicaion

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@Configuration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan
public @interface SpringBootApplication {
   
}

@EnableAutoConfiguration让Spring boot根据类路径中的jar包依赖为当前项目进行自动配置.
Spring Boot启动类要放在groupId+arctifactID目录下.

@EnableAutoConfiguration详解

6.1.2 关闭特定的自动配置

@SpringBootApplication(exclude={
  DateSourceAutoConfiguration.class})

6.1.3 定制Banner

1) 修改banner内容

/src/main/resources目录下创建一个banner.txt文件，然后将ASCII字符画复制进去，就能替换默认的banner了.

字符画生成地址

2)属性设置.

属性	说明
${AnsiColor.BRIGHT_RED}	设置控制台中输出内容的颜色
${application.version}	用来获取MANIFEST.MF文件中的版本号
${spring-boot.version}	Spring Boot的版本号

application.formatted−version|格式化后的

{application.version}版本信息

3)关闭banner方法1

    SpringApplication application = new SpringApplication(App.class);
    /*
     * Banner.Mode.OFF:关闭;
     * Banner.Mode.CONSOLE:控制台输出，默认方式;
     * Banner.Mode.LOG:日志输出方式;
     */
     application.setBannerMode(Banner.Mode.OFF); 
     application.run(args); 

4)关闭banner方法2

在application.proerpties进行banner的显示和关闭：

是否显示banner，可选值[true|false]

spring.main.show-banner=false

spring boot banner

6.1.4 Spring Boot的配置文件

application.properties或application.yml

//举几个例子:
server.port=9090
server.context-path=/helloboot

server:
 port: 9090
 contextPath:/helloboot


spring.redis.cluster.nodes[0]=192.168.0.1:6379  
spring.redis.cluster.nodes[1]=192.168.0.2:6379  

spring:  
   redis:  
      cluster:  
         nodes:  
            - 192.168.0.1:6379  
            - 192.168.0.2:6379  

Spring Boot application.properties或application.yml相关配置

application.properties 改成 application.yml

6.1.5 Start pom

Spring Boot application starters 下面的应用程序starters是Spring Boot在org.springframework.boot组下提供的

名称	描述
spring-boot-starter	核心Spring Boot starter，包括自动配置支持，日志和YAML
spring-boot-starter-actuator	生产准备的特性，用于帮你监控和管理应用
spring-boot-starter-amqp	对”高级消息队列协议”的支持，通过spring-rabbit实现
spring-boot-starter-aop	对面向切面编程的支持，包括spring-aop和AspectJ
spring-boot-starter-batch	对Spring Batch的支持，包括HSQLDB数据库
spring-boot-starter-cloud-connectors	对Spring Cloud Connectors的支持，简化在云平台下（例如，Cloud Foundry 和Heroku）服务的连接
spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch	对Elasticsearch搜索和分析引擎的支持，包括spring-data-elasticsearch
spring-boot-starter-data-gemfire	对GemFire分布式数据存储的支持，包括spring-data-gemfire
spring-boot-starter-data-jpa	对”Java持久化API”的支持，包括spring-data-jpa，spring-orm和Hibernate
spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb	对MongoDB NOSQL数据库的支持，包括spring-data-mongodb
spring-boot-starter-data-rest	对通过REST暴露Spring Data仓库的支持，通过spring-data-rest-webmvc实现
spring-boot-starter-data-solr	对Apache Solr搜索平台的支持，包括spring-data-solr
spring-boot-starter-freemarker	对FreeMarker模板引擎的支持
spring-boot-starter-groovy-templates	对Groovy模板引擎的支持
spring-boot-starter-hateoas	对基于HATEOAS的RESTful服务的支持，通过spring-hateoas实现
spring-boot-starter-hornetq	对”Java消息服务API”的支持，通过HornetQ实现
spring-boot-starter-integration	对普通spring-integration模块的支持
spring-boot-starter-jdbc	对JDBC数据库的支持
spring-boot-starter-jersey	对Jersey RESTful Web服务框架的支持
spring-boot-starter-jta-atomikos	对JTA分布式事务的支持，通过Atomikos实现
spring-boot-starter-jta-bitronix	对JTA分布式事务的支持，通过Bitronix实现
spring-boot-starter-mail	对javax.mail的支持
spring-boot-starter-mobile	对spring-mobile的支持
spring-boot-starter-mustache	对Mustache模板引擎的支持
spring-boot-starter-redis	对REDIS键值数据存储的支持，包括spring-redis
spring-boot-starter-security	对spring-security的支持
spring-boot-starter-social-facebook	对spring-social-facebook的支持
spring-boot-starter-social-linkedin	对spring-social-linkedin的支持
spring-boot-starter-social-twitter	对spring-social-twitter的支持
spring-boot-starter-test	对常用测试依赖的支持，包括JUnit, Hamcrest和Mockito，还有spring-test模块
spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf	对Thymeleaf模板引擎的支持，包括和Spring的集成
spring-boot-starter-velocity	对Velocity模板引擎的支持
spring-boot-starter-web	对全栈web开发的支持，包括Tomcat和spring-webmvc
spring-boot-starter-websocket	对WebSocket开发的支持
spring-boot-starter-ws	对Spring Web服务的支持

Spring Boot生产准备的starters

名称	描述
spring-boot-starter-actuator	添加生产准备特性，比如指标和监控
spring-boot-starter-remote-shell	添加远程ssh

Spring Boot technical starters
可用于排除或交换具体技术方面的starters。

名称	描述
spring-boot-starter-jetty	导入Jetty HTTP引擎（作为Tomcat的替代）
spring-boot-starter-log4j	对Log4J日志系统的支持
spring-boot-starter-logging	导入Spring Boot的默认日志系统（Logback）
spring-boot-starter-tomcat	导入Spring Boot的默认HTTP引擎（Tomcat）
spring-boot-starter-undertow	导入Undertow HTTP引擎（作为Tomcat的替代）

springboot starter pom详解

6.1.6 使用XML

@ImportResource 应用XML
@ImportResource({“classpath:some-context.xml”,”classpath:another-context.xml”})

Java 的配置元数据 @ImportResource

6.2 外部配置

6.2.1 命令行参数配置

java -jar xx.jar
java -jar xx.jar --server.port=9090

6.2.2 常规属性配置

配置文件自动绑定到vo,属性上.

afsReqURL=http://192.168.2.80:8888/msDprAF088?

@Service
public class AfsVerifyBean  {
   
    @Value("${afsReqURL}")
    private String reqURL;
}

6.2.3 类型安全的配置(基于properties)

这种还是蛮实用的.

application.properties中包含:
author.name=wyf
author.age=32

package com.wisely.ch6_2_3.config;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "author") //1 
public class AuthorSettings {
   
    private String name;
    private Long age;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Long getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Long age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

6.3 日志配置

支持java util logging,log4j,log4j2,logback,默认logback.
logback详解

6.4 Profile配置

spring.profiles.active=dev

//tomcat中的配置方法
export  JAVA_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=/usr/local/lib -server -Xms1024m -Xmx1024m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m -Djava.awt.headless=true -Dsun.net.client.defaultConnectTimeout=60000 -Dsun.net.client.d
efaultReadTimeout=60000 -Djmagick.systemclassloader=no -Dnetworkaddress.cache.ttl=300 -Dsun.net.inetaddr.ttl=300 -Dspring.profiles.active=sit-vc"
export JAVA_HOME JAVA_BIN PATH CLASSPATH JAVA_OPTS
$CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh -config $CATALINA_BASE/conf/server.xml

实战

6.5 Spring Boot运行原理

spring-boot-autoconfigure-1.3.0.x.jar中包含所有所有的自动配置.
自动配置有如下:

启动时控制台会有显示开启的配置和关闭的日志,日志如下
“`

=========================

AUTO-CONFIGURATION REPORT

Positive matches:

AopAutoConfiguration matched
-@ConditionalOnClassclassesfound: org.springframework.context.annotation.EnableAspectJAutoProxy,org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect,org.aspectj.lang.reflect.Advice (OnClassCondition)
- matched (OnPropertyCondition)

AopAutoConfiguration.JdkDynamicAutoProxyConfiguration matched
- matched (OnPropertyCondition)

AuditAutoConfiguration.AuditEventRepositoryConfiguration matched
- @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.boot.actuate.audit.AuditEventRepository; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition)

DataSourceAutoConfiguration matched
-@ConditionalOnClassclassesfound: javax.sql.DataSource,org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.embedded.EmbeddedDatabaseType (OnClassCondition)

DataSourceAutoConfiguration.DataSourceInitializerConfiguration matched
-@ConditionalOnMissingBean(types:org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceInitializer; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition)

DataSourceAutoConfiguration.JdbcTemplateConfiguration matched
- existing auto database detected (DataSourceAutoConfiguration.DataSourceAvailableCondition)

DataSourceAutoConfiguration.JdbcTemplateConfiguration#jdbcTemplate matched
- @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcOperations; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition)

DataSourceAutoConfiguration.JdbcTemplateConfiguration#namedParameterJdbcTemplate matched
- @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.NamedParameterJdbcOperations; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition)

DataSourceAutoConfiguration.NonEmbeddedConfiguration matched
- supported DataSource class found (DataSourceAutoConfiguration.NonEmbeddedDataSourceCondition)
- @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: javax.sql.DataSource,javax.sql.XADataSource; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition)

DataSourcePoolMetadataProvidersConfiguration.TomcatDataSourcePoolMetadataProviderConfiguration matched
- @ConditionalOnClass classes found: org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource (OnClassCondition)

DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration matched
-@ConditionalOnClassclassesfound: org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate,org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager (OnClassCondition)

DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration#transactionManager matched
- @ConditionalOnBean (types: javax.sql.DataSource; SearchStrategy: all) found the following [dataSource] @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition)

DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration.TransactionManagementConfiguration matched
-@ConditionalOnMissingBean(types:org.springframework.transaction.annotation.AbstractTransactionManagementConfiguration; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition)

DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration matched
- @ConditionalOnClass classes found: org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet (OnClassCondition)
- found web application StandardServletEnvironment (OnWebApplicationCondition)

DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.DispatcherServletConfiguration matched
- @ConditionalOnClass classes found: javax.servlet.ServletRegistration (OnClassCondition)
- no ServletRegistrationBean found (DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.DefaultDispatcherServletCondition)

EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration matched
- found web application StandardServletEnvironment (OnWebApplicationCondition)

EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration.EmbeddedTomcat matched
- @ConditionalOnClass classes found: javax.servlet.Servlet,org.apache.catalina.startup.Tomcat (OnClassCondition)
-@ConditionalOnMissingBean(types:org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedServletContainerFactory; SearchStrategy: current) found no beans (OnBeanCondition)

EndpointAutoConfiguration#autoConfigurationReportEndpoint matched
-@ConditionalOnBean(types:org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionEvaluationReport; SearchStrategy: all) found the following [autoConfigurationReport] @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.AutoConfigurationReportEndpoint; SearchStrategy: current) found no beans (OnBeanCondition)

EndpointAutoConfiguration#beansEndpoint matched
-@ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.BeansEndpoint; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition)

EndpointAutoConfiguration#configurationPropertiesReportEndpoint matched
-@ConditionalOnMissingBean(types:org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.ConfigurationPropertiesReportEndpoint; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition)

EndpointAutoConfiguration#dumpEndpoint matched
-@ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.DumpEndpoint; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition)

EndpointAutoConfiguration#environmentEndpoint matched
-@ConditionalOnMissingBean(types:org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.EnvironmentEndpoint; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition)

EndpointAutoConfiguration#healthEndpoint matched
-@ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.HealthEndpoint; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition)

EndpointAutoConfiguration#infoEndpoint matched
- @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.InfoEndpoint; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition)

EndpointAutoConfiguration#metricsEndpoint matched
- @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.MetricsEndpoint; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition)

EndpointAutoConfiguration#shutdownEndpoint matched
-@ConditionalOnMissingBean(types: org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.ShutdownEndpoint; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition)

EndpointAutoConfiguration#traceEndpoint matched
- @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.TraceEndpoint; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition)

EndpointAutoConfiguration.RequestMappingEndpointConfiguration matched
- @ConditionalOnClass classes found: org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping (OnClassCondition)

EndpointAutoConfiguration.RequestMappingEndpointConfiguration#requestMappingEndpoint matched
- @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.RequestMappingEndpoint; SearchStrategy: all) found no beans (OnBeanCondition)

EndpointMBeanExportAutoConfiguration matched
- JMX Endpoints (EndpointMBeanExportAutoConfiguration.JmxEnabledCondition)

EndpointWebMvcAutoConfiguration matched
- @ConditionalOnClass classes found: javax.servlet.Servlet,org.springframework.web.servlet.Dispatch